泸沽湖区特殊自然社会生态系统的危机因素及调控途径

通过野外实地考察和对室内资料的分析，探讨了川、滇交界泸沽湖摩梭人聚居区自然社会生态系统的危机因子，并提出了切实可行的调控途径。     

Fluid30单元在同轴圆柱壳固有特性计算中的适用性分析

目的分析Fluid30单元用于内侧含环形间隙流体同轴圆柱壳固有特性计算的适用性。方法针对内侧含环形间隙流体的同轴圆柱壳模型,分别基于"Fluid30单元"和"理论流体附加质量"对壳体固有特性进行分析。通过变间隙宽度对比计算,探究壳体固有特性随无量纲半径比的变化规律,分析波动方程离散化对计算结果的影响,判定Fluid30单元的适用范围。结果半径比与固有频率之间呈非线性关系,半径比越小,壳体固有频率越低,固有频率随半径比变化率越大。波动方程离散化引起的误差随半径比减小而增大,以相对误差10%作为Fluid30单元适用性判别标准,(1,2)壳式频率对应的临界半径比为1.20,(1,3)壳式频率对应的临界半径比为1.03,其他壳式频率对应的临界半径比小于1.001。结论不同阶频率的Fluid30单元适用范围不同,当半径比小于临界值时,相关频率应基于理论流体附加质量迭代计算。     

提高深盲孔壳类零件温冲压模具寿命的措施

采用合理的模具结构、选择合适的模具材料、采用适宜的热处理工艺和表面强化工艺以及提高模具的加工质量等都可以显著提高温冲压模具的使用寿命。分析了超高强度钢制深盲孔壳体温冲压成形时,模具的工作条件及其失效形式,提出了能有效提高该壳体温冲压模具寿命的具体措施。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定椰子壳水解液中的糖

采用衍生化—萃取法处理含糖样品 ,毛细管气相色谱测定糖的方法 ,测定了椰子壳水解液中糖的含量。结果表明 ,该方法简便、可靠 ,方法的相对标准偏差小于 5 %     

柱壳液力成形弹性稳定性分析

利用非线性弹性稳定性理论 ,分析研究了壳体液力成形工艺中的开口圆柱壳弹性稳定性问题。计算结果表明不仅非线性弹性临界载荷远低于线性弹性临界载荷 ,而且更重要的是内压很大程度上有助于提高柱壳轴向弹性临界屈曲载荷 ,这样为内高压成形工艺提供了弹性失稳理论依据     

Development of a ‘Matrix Scoring Technique’ to determine litter sources at a Bristol Channel beach

Litter at beaches can come from more than one source and determining the proportions to assign pollution to different sources is very complex. There is no widely accepted methodology at present that links litter items to their source. The aim of this study was to create a method of assigning a source to litter found on beaches of the Bristol Channel but which could equally be used on any beach. Various methods that attempt to establish the source of beach litter were evaluated; their strengths, weaknesses, applicability and reliability for use on Bristol Channel, UK beaches were considered. Elements of existing methods coupled with new ideas were utilized in the production of a ‘refined’ methodology: consequently a new method of assigning a source to beach litter was developed. The developed ‘Matrix Scoring Technique’ was applied to data collected at Minehead beach on the Bristol Channel, UK. Several numerical and nomenclature variations were used to produce a system that reflected the various sources and eliminated as much bias as possible. This cross-tabulated matrix scoring system can produce an insight into the contribution of different source groups to litter found on beaches. This novel approach requires further testing with emphasis on a control data set.     

显像管玻壳铅尘在大气中的迁移扩散规律和污染特征

以石家庄市显像管玻壳厂排放的铅尘为研究对象，通过在该玻壳厂周围土壤表层布点采样，较系统地研究了铅尘在大气中的迁移转化规律及其污染特性。研究结果表明，用高斯模式能成功地预测铅尘在大气中的迁移扩散规律。     

Optimizing process parameters for the adsorption of phosphorus from synthetic wastewater on coconut shell based activated carbon

Activated carbon was prepared from coconut shell, an agricultural waste, for the removal of phosphorus from synthetic phosphorus‐containing wastewater. The activated carbon obtained from the coconut shell was characterized using Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Batch mode experiments were conducted to study the effects of pH, particle size, adsorbent dosage, and sorption time on the adsorptive potential of the prepared activated carbon. Response surface methodology was employed to study the interactions among the variables and to optimize the process conditions for the maximum removal of phosphorus using the coconut shell–based activated carbon (CNS). The characterization results from the FTIR showed the presence of variety of functional groups, such as ?OH, ?NH, C=O, C?H, C?N, CH₃, and CH₂, which explains the CNS's improved adsorption behavior on the colloidal particles. A maximum performance of 95.22% was obtained for CNS at the optimum conditions of adsorbent dosage = 1,000 milligrams (local variable), pH 2 (local variable), particle size = 0.2 millimeters (local variable), and sorption time = 4.2 hours (global variable).     

滩海陆岸设施HAZOP分析的应用研究

介绍了将HAZOP(危险及可操作性分析)应用于滩海陆岸设施的研究,对滩海陆岸设施开展HAZOP分析普遍存在问题和适用性进行了探讨。     

AN APPLICATION OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH METHODS TO BEACH RENOURISHMENT PROJECTS1

ABSTRACT: Mathematical models have been widely used in business to minimize cost and maximize profit. In this paper such models are used to help determine the optimum strategy for a beach renourishment project including the initial and subsequent fill quantities and the length of a complete renourishment cycle. The importance of considering economic factors is emphasized, and the sensitivity of the optimal values to changes in the basic parameters of the models are discussed. The possible extensions and limitations of the models are considered.