Official sources,news outlets,or search engines? Rumour validation on social media during Hurricanes Harvey and Irma

This study, based on data collected from a representative sample of adults in the United States, explores the social cognitive variables that motivated Americans to validate rumours on social media about Hurricanes Harvey and Irma, both of which struck in August/September 2017. The results indicate that risk perception and negative emotions are positively related to systematic processing of relevant risk information, and that systematic processing is significantly related to rumour validation through search engines such as Google. In contrast, trust in information about the hurricane is significantly related to validation through official sources, such as FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency), and major news outlets such as The New York Times. Trust in information is also significantly related to systematic processing of risk information. The findings of this study suggest that ordinary citizens may be motivated to validate rumours on social media, which is an increasingly important issue in contemporary societies.     

Industrial energy efficiency potentials: an assessment of three different robot concepts

The rise in energy consumption and the associated costs instigate financial concerns among industrial energy consumers. For industrial processes addressing heating and cooling as well as material transformation, a wide range of energy efficiency measures have been developed and successfully implemented. In contrast to that, most robot-based operations such as pick-and-place motions or assembly tasks still use inefficient standard concepts causing high-energy consumption and high-energy costs. Thanks to a rather low payload-to-weight ratio of new robot designs, such as parallel kinematic or hybrid robot manipulators, a high potential for energy savings is expected. This article identifies potentials for energy saving concerning industrial consumers by assessing three different robot concepts. Based on a literature review, two existing designs for robots – the conventional serial robot and the parallel kinematic robot are analysed and compared with respect to the energy utilised during a typical item placement task. Afterwards, the concept of PARAGRIP, a hybrid of the two presented robot designs is introduced and examined based on simulation regarding its energy consumption. The final results demonstrate significantly different energy consumptions between the robot concepts, identifying potential savings of about 40% in a selected industrial application scenario.     

木制品加工企业安全生产标准化建设过程中常见问题浅析

黑龙江省是我国重要的木制品加工生产基地,木材经过加工生产成各式各样的木制品,服务于生活的各个角落。但木制品加工过程中涉及到各类木工机械、喷涂作业等,常常伴随火灾、爆炸、机械伤害、粉尘、噪声等多种危险和有害因素。安全生产标准化建设,是我国推行的一项重要的安全管理措施,通过达标、升级的工作方式让企业的安全管理工作做到量值化、规范化和标准化。     

浅谈空气自动监测数据质量现状与处理方法

本文阐述了环境空气自动监测异常数据出现的形式,对数据质量现状进行统计,分析了异常监测数据产生的原因,提出了判断及处理方法,以保证监测数据的准确性、真实性、可靠性。     

日本琵琶湖流域污水超深度处理及污泥处置

以日本琵琶湖流域东北部净化中心为例,介绍了日本琵琶湖流域市政污水处理概况,重点阐述了以投加絮凝剂的多段硝化脱氮法为核心生物工艺的"超深度"处理技术和以"焚烧—熔融"为核心工艺的污泥资源化处置技术,为我国市政污水的深度处理和污泥处置提供了技术和发展借鉴。     

我国废弃资源和废旧材料回收加工业发展探讨

近年来,作为我国工业经济的一支新军—废弃资源和废旧材料回收加工业正在持续快速发展,私营工业企业是该行业的主力军。《循环经济促进法》和相关政策法规的进一步实施,为该行业注入了新的生机活力,加快自主创新,提高资源综合利用水平,是该行业发展的主流。     

基于信息处理和事故链原理的结构化飞行员差错模型

为了对民航飞行员人为差错进行系统分析,研究民航业中常见人为差错的分析方法,指出其局限性。基于信息处理过程和事故链原理,从微观的认知过程和宏观的HFACS框架2个层面构建一种新的飞行员人为差错分析模型,并对模型中的情景分析、差错模式与分类、认知机理、差错恢复、差错成因、反馈机制和防御机制等几大核心模块进行阐述,重点介绍认知机理在差错形成中产生的关键影响因素,提出结构化差错分析方法的思路与步骤。该模型为民航飞行员人为差错的产生机理、差错分类和差错成因的分析提供一种新思路,但模型的进一步应用还有待于通过案例分析来验证。     

一种改进的灾害新闻3要素提取方法研究*

为提取灾害性新闻中的基本要素,迅速掌握灾害事件信息和发展趋势,将目标分类和命名实体识别（named entity recognition,NER）相结合,提出改进的灾害新闻3要素提取方法。构建滑动窗检测器搭载不同的分类模型,实现对新闻文本的灾害主题识别与时空位置要素范围判定,结合命名实体识别完成对时空位置要素的精准提取,并以灾害事故信息文本为例进行测试。研究结果表明:通过在火灾、地震和滑坡新闻中进行数据集中测试,发现本文方法相较于LSTM,BILSTM,BILSTM-CRF提取效果更优;本文方法可对大量灾害性新闻的灾害3要素进行识别提取,对灾害信息进行时空规律分析,研究结果可在灾害应急响应中发挥重要作用。     

1954—2013年湖北省黄石市气溶胶光学厚度与降水关系研究

通过对地面观测资料进行均一性处理和反演,建立了湖北省黄石市近60年气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)的时间序列,采用气候趋势分析、相关分析等方法,研究了AOD与降水之间的关系.结果表明:近60年黄石市气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)总体上呈显著增加趋势,最大值出现在1991年.随着AOD值的显著增加,年平均降水发生日数显著减少,其中,小雨日数下降更明显,而中雨、大雨日数有增加趋势,暴雨日数的变化趋势不明显.小雨雨量随着AOD值的显著增加而减少,而中雨及以上等级降水量的变化趋势不明显.总之,近60年黄石市气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)的增加,对降水日数和降水量都有一定的影响,其相关性有待进一步研究.