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61.
62.
Anna Barbasz Barbara Kreczmer Magdalena Skórka 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2020,55(8):719-725
AbstractThe industrialization of the agricultural sector has significantly increased the use of chemicals such as pesticides. Therefore, exposure to them is unavoidable, which makes it necessary to assess their safety for humans at actual exposure doses. This paper aims to determine toxicity of three types of pesticides toward human immune cells (HL-60 and U-937): glyphosate (GLY), deltamethrin (DEL), and chlorothalonil (CHL). Cell viability, membrane integrity, inflammation induction, and antioxidant activity were evaluated to determine differences in cellular response to the tested plant protection agents. In experimental models, all tested substances caused increased mortality of cells after only 24?h. Cell membrane damage was recorded under DEL and CHL influences. The largest disintegration of the cell membrane was due to the action of 100?μg/mL DEL for U-937 and CHL at 1?μg/mL for HL-60. GLY at a concentration of 3,600?μg/mL caused significant peroxidation of U-937 cells’ lipids. CHL-induced inflammation in both types of cells tested. DEL and GLY also induced antioxidant activity in cells. These results lead to the conclusion that the tested pesticides act cytotoxically to the cells of the human immune system in doses to which both farmers and consumers are exposed. 相似文献
63.
Cell biosensors are currently emerging as novel, sensitive techniques to monitor the toxicity of environmental pollutants.
Here, we have developed electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) for on-line monitoring of the behavior of insect
cells. Cells were cultured on a microarray of eight small gold electrodes, deposited on the bottom of tissue culture wells.
Upon inoculation, cells showed a tendency to drift downward and attached to the gold surface precoated with the protein Concanavalin
A to accelerate the cell attachment. The impedance increased because the cells acted as insulating particles to restrict the
current flow. The resulting impedance, a coordination of many biological reactions within the cell, was continuously monitored
in real-time to reveal information about cell spreading and micromotion. As the cell behavior was sensitive to external chemicals,
the applicability of ECIS for inhibition assays was demonstrated with HgCl2, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), 2-amino 4,6-dinitrotoluene (2-ADNT) and 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB).
Electronic Publication 相似文献
64.
松胞素B对人血淋巴细胞和CHL细胞微核率的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了不同浓度的松胞素B对人血淋巴细胞和中国仓鼠肺成纤维细胞(CHL)分裂吉周期和微核率的影响。结果表明,松胞素B浓度增高过高能引起细胞微核率增高。在本研究中,对CHL细胞微核率试验以3μg/mL松胞素B较适合;而对人血淋巴细胞微核试验,松胞素B浓度以2-4μg/mL为宜,松胞表B浓度过高会提高微核背景值,降低试验的灵敏度和精确性。 相似文献
65.
用中国仓鼠肺成纤维细胞(V_(79)),进行次黄嘌呤—鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶位点(HGPRT Locus)试验,检测了上海市若干环境污染物的诱变性。结果发现,污染物量与诱变性之间呈剂量—反应关系。所有样品经代谢活化后(加S_9),其诱变性均有增高的趋势。卷烟焦油、油烟冷凝物的T/C值均>3,而不加S_9的黄浦江水和自来水样,则对V_(79)细胞可能具有间接的诱变作用(T/C值<3)。 相似文献
66.
D. H. Spathas A. Divane G. M. Maniatis M. E. Ferguson-Smith M. A. Ferguson-Smith 《黑龙江环境通报》1994,14(11):1049-1054
A prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the use of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for the detection of trisomy 21 in interphase nuclei of uncultured amniotic fluid cells. Five hundred cases were analysed in situ and classified as normal or abnormal; the results were subsequently checked against the cytogenetic findings. Four hundred and ninety-three were correctly identified as normal with an 86·6 per cent average frequency of scored nuclei exhibiting two signals; six cases were correctly identified as trisomic for chromosome 21 with 81·7 per cent of scored nuclei exhibiting three signals; and one abnormal case involving an unbalanced chromosome 21·21 translocation was falsely scored as normal due to poor hybridization/detection efficiency. The method has been substantially improved and simplified so that it is suitable for the rapid detection of trisomy 21. As aneuploidy detection in interphase does not identify structural chromosome aberrations, it is not a substitute for fetal chromosome analysis. 相似文献
67.
68.
相变储能光伏太阳能热泵干燥系统的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了相变储能光伏太阳能热泵干燥系统实验平台,介绍了系统的运行方式以及太阳能光伏集热蒸发器与直流压缩机的匹配计算,最后对实验数据进行了分析。结果表明,太阳能辐照量为800 W/m~2、光伏集热蒸发器面积为12 m~2的条件下,系统制热功率为10 k W,太阳能光伏集热蒸发器发电量为6.2 k W·h,大于直流压缩机的耗电量,满足供电要求;实验所得系统COP为3.25。相变储能可以解决太阳辐照波动导致的系统运行不稳定问题,具有显著的节能性和环保性。 相似文献
69.
S. N. Nnamchi M. M. Mundu J. D. Busingye J. U. Ezenwankwo 《International Journal of Green Energy》2019,16(6):450-467
Simulation of helio-photovoltaic system is continuously undergoing revolution through diverse parameter modifications which closely mimic the experimental data. In retrospect, the current work has presented a nonlinear modification of equivalent circuit parameters and simulated the same for different semiconductors (crystalline and thin films); furthermore, established a mathematical relation between the coefficients of solar irradiance and module temperature (SIMT); moreover, investigated the influence of SIMT on the model parameters. The simulation upshot reveals that increment in solar irradiance (SI) intensifies the output current whereas an increase in module temperature (MT) diminishes the output voltage; the SIMT coefficients developed validated well with the manufacturers data; the influence of SI was evident on the photon current, diode current, and shunt resistance whereas the effect of MT was pronounced on the diode current, ideality factor, and shunt resistance. Thus, the provision made by this work is essential for advanced design and simulation of helio-photovoltaic systems. 相似文献
70.
Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) is a prevalent polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congener known to have neurotoxicity. Effects of BDE-209 on Neuro-2a cells were performed in the present study and the possible apoptotic pathway was discussed. Results indicated that BDE-209 induced Neuro-2a cell apoptosis, increased the protein expression of Fas and Fas-associated death domain-containing protein (FADD) and activated the caspase-8 and -3 activities in a concentration-dependent manner, inferring the death-receptor pathway was involved in the apoptotic process. Meanwhile, BDE-209 exposure increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and decreased the cellular mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) which led to cytochrome C released to the cytoplasm. The intracellular caspase-9 was elevated simultaneously, which caused downstream caspase cascade and triggered cell apoptosis. Moreover, BDE-209 exposure increased cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in a concentration-dependent manner and the addition of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), known as ROS scavengers, obviously reduced the apoptotic rate and a positive relationship was observed between the degree of apoptosis blocking and the loss of MMP and ROS production. We thus concluded that BDE-209 induced Neuro-2a cell apoptosis via the combination of the death-receptor signaling pathway and the mitochondrial signaling pathway. The elevated ROS production was considered to magnify the intracellular apoptosis signal and played a crucial role in apoptosis of Neuro-2a cells induced by BDE-209. 相似文献