砷华生产废渣中硫的回收利用研究

高温下氧化焙烧细磨后的砷华生产废渣，利用软锰矿浆吸收产生的SO2气体，吸收液经净化除杂、浓缩结晶等工序可制备工业产品硫酸锰。适宜的焙烧条件如下：焙烧温度为650℃，焙烧时间为60min，废渣粒度为-97μm。选择合适的吸收工艺，Mn的浸出率可达96．20％，此时SO2脱除率为87．20％。     

二价铁活化过硫酸盐降解土壤中十溴联苯醚

研究了Fe2+活化过硫酸钠产生的硫酸根自由基降解土壤中十溴联苯醚（PBDE-209）的效果,分别考察了Na2S2O8的用量、初始pH值、Na2S2O8与Fe2+摩尔比例、反应时间4个因素对降解效果的影响。通过正交实验确定了降解污染物的最优条件。结果表明,在Na2S2O8用量为0.8 mmol·kg-1,初始pH为5,Na2S2O8与Fe2+摩尔比为2：1,反应时间为30 min的最优条件下,降解率达96.36%。分子探针竞争实验表明体系中产生了硫酸根自由基。Fe2+活化过硫酸钠降解PBDE-209反应过程符合一级反应动力学。     

新型印染废水脱色絮凝剂的合成及应用研究

以二乙烯三胺、环氧氯丙烷、硫酸铝为原料,制备了一种新型脱色絮凝剂,并将其应用于水溶性染料废水的处理。考察了原料用量配比、反应温度、反应时间等对产品性能的影响。实验结果表明,适宜的合成条件为:第一步,取1mol二乙烯三胺,用一定量水稀释,缓慢加入1.1mol环氧氯丙烷,加完后在40℃下搅拌3h;第二步,加入1.2mol的硫酸铝,控温搅拌1h,得到絮凝剂产品。其中,第一步反应生成的缩聚物为主反应物,可与染料形成不溶性盐;硫酸铝可增强对染料的吸附,并起到助凝作用。产品分别处理浓度为100mg/L的活性艳兰X-BR、活性艳红X-3B、酸性大红GR模拟染料废水,投加量为60mg/L时,脱色率分别可达99.1%、81.2%和94.6%;处理色度为64倍、COD为122mg/L的实际印染废水,投加量为80mg/L时,出水色度可降至8倍,COD可降至48.7mg/L。     

Experimental investigation of groundwater contamination by surface sources: Determination of adsorption capacity,diffusion, and sorption potential of selected anions in different soils

The present study investigated the fate and transport of two significant anions through soil to explore their potential as groundwater contaminants. The retention properties of chloride and sulfate in soils having several significantly different characteristics (soil‐1 and soil‐2) were determined using adsorption test and adsorption‐diffusion column experiments. The maximum adsorption capacity of chloride was 3.7 and 1.16 mg/g, respectively, in soil‐1 and soil‐2, with organic matter (OM) content of 3.92% and 4.69%, respectively. The sulfate adsorption obtained was 24.09% and 13.83%, respectively, in the two soils. The anions exhibited monolayer adsorption in the soils with replacement of hydroxyl ions from soils as the major mechanism of adsorption. On the other hand, the adsorption capacities obtained from the adsorption‐diffusion column experiment were about 100 times lower compared to that of the column tests of both of the soils. The maximum adsorption capacity of chloride was 0.03 mg/g and 0.01 mg/g, respectively, in soil‐1 and soil‐2, whereas that of sulfate was 0.04 mg/g and 0.03 mg/g. The empirical relation for depth of penetration (d) from a known spillage onto the soil surface was determined as a function of sorption capacity (S) and initial anion concentration (C) as d = 0.0073e^(?57S)C and d = 0.0038e^(?35S)C for chloride and sulfate, respectively.     

煤矿矿井水中SO4^2-的去除方法研究

制备了高效SO4^2-吸附剂,用其对某煤矿矿井水进行了试验,对影响吸附剂吸附效率的各因素进行了研究,结果表明：吸附剂用量1.0 g/L时,去除率达到最高,为93.5%。溶液在酸性范围内吸附剂对SO42-去除率明显大于碱性范围。随着SO4^2-浓度的增加,吸附剂的去除率逐渐降低。试验水温选择为25℃,最佳吸附时间为40 m in,最佳pH为7.0。     

Preliminary studies on potential remediation of acid mine drainage‐impacted soils by amendment with drinking‐water treatment residuals

Mining operations result in a wide range of environmental impacts: acid mine drainage (AMD) and acid sulfate soils being among the most common. Due to their acidic pH and high soluble metal concentrations, both AMD and acid sulfate soils can severely damage the local ecosystems. Proper post‐mining management practices are necessary to control AMD‐related environmental issues. Current AMD‐impacted soil treatment technologies are rather expensive and typically not environmentally sustainable. We conducted a 60‐day bench‐scale study to evaluate the potential of a cost‐effective and environment‐friendly technology in treating AMD‐impacted soils. The metal binding and acid‐neutralizing capacity of an industrial by‐product, drinking water treatment residuals (WTRs) were used for AMD remediation. Two types of locally generated WTRs, an aluminum‐based WTR (Al‐WTR) and a lime‐based WTR (Ca‐WTR) were used. Highly acidic AMD‐impacted soil containing very high concentrations of metals and metalloids, such as iron, nickel, and arsenic, was collected from the Tab‐Simco coal mine in Carbondale, Illinois. Soil amendment using a 1:1 Al‐ and Ca‐WTR mix, applied at 5 and 10 percent rates significantly lowered the soluble and exchangeable fractions of metals in the AMD‐impacted soil, thus lowering potential metal toxicity. Soil pH increased from an extremely acidic 2.69 to a near‐neutral 6.86 standard units over the 60‐day study period. Results from this preliminary study suggest the possibility of a successful scale‐up of this innovative, cost‐effective, and environmentally sustainable technology for remediating AMD‐impacted acid sulfate soils.     

催化超临界水氧化法去除焦化废水中的氨氮

采用催化超临界水氧化技术处理焦化废水.实验结果表明:升高反应温度、增加反应压力、延长反应时间可提高废水中氨氮去除率;在反应时间为60 s、反应压力为30 MPa、反应温度为460℃的最佳实验条件下,未加入催化剂时的氨氮去除率为53.7％,加入催化剂后,氨氮去除率大幅提高,以MnO2为催化剂时氨氮去除率为86.9％,以CuSO4为催化剂时氨氮去除率为92.4％.     

玉米芯为碳源实现酸性矿山废水生物处理

引入了一种新的碳源——玉米芯，对SRB法处理酸性矿山废水进行了更加深入的探索，分析了各种参数条件对s暖一还原效果的影响，确定了常温下这种碳源所需要的最适宜工况条件，探讨了硫酸盐矿山废水的水质资源化问题，并对山西矿山废水的生物治理进行了可行性实验验证。实验证明，玉米芯为碳源时，矿山废水中SO^2-4的出水值可达221．1mg／L，金属离子的浓度也都达到了生活饮用水的质量标准，所以玉米芯可作为酸性矿山废水资源化生物处理的合适有效碳源。     

硫酸铝渣和硫铁矿烧渣制聚硅酸硫酸铁的研究

研究硫酸铝渣和硫铁矿烧渣制聚硅酸硫酸铁的工艺流程及其主要参数.提取硫酸铝渣中的SiO2得到Na2SiO3溶液,提取硫铁矿烧渣中铁得到FeSO4结晶.用FeSO4结晶制备聚合硫酸铁.用含3.5% SiO2的Na2SiO3溶液,控制pH=4.0,制得聚硅酸,将聚合硫酸铁加入聚硅酸制得聚硅酸硫酸铁絮凝剂.红外光谱分析表明,聚硅酸硫酸铁结合了SO2-4.检测了聚硅酸硫酸铁对模拟浊水和垃圾填埋场渗滤液的絮凝效果,用铁和硅物质的量比为0.5、用量0.5 mL/L的聚硅酸硫酸铁,处理模拟浊水,除浊率可达90%以上.用铁和硅物质的量比为1.5、用量4.0 mL/L的聚硅酸硫酸铁处理垃圾填埋场渗滤液生化处理尾水,CODCr去除率可达60%.     

轧钢污泥综合利用的技术研究

阐述了一种轧钢污泥的回收处理技术,该技术可把轧钢污泥有效地分离成氧化铁粉和混合油,实现综合利用,减少铁素资源浪费,有良好的经济效益和环境效益.