生产型组织初始环境评审中环境因素的识别评价

环境因素的识别与评价是环境管理体系建立和实施的关键，生产型企业在初始环境评审时可以工程分析为重点，结合对正常和异常情况的分析，对生产过程和各部门涉及的环境影响进行全面分析，从而确定环境因素。在评价重要环境因素时，可先根据企业对外环境排放的接口情况、环境影响情况，结合商业方面的考虑制定重要环境因素评价准则，再利用评价准则评价出重要环境因素。     

"农家乐"与生态环境建设

农业是我国国民经济的基础,农村生态经济是我国整个生态经济协调发展的关键和核心."农家乐"的生态建设问题在农村具有以点带面的典型意义.从生态的角度来研究"农家乐"的开发、利用、建设方面的问题,促进农村生态经济的建设和发展.     

Climate Change and Energy Technologies

The long time scale of the climate change problem and the inherent nature of the carbon cycle bring important implications for present technology development efforts. Even if major technology improvements are achieved for non-carbon-emitting technologies such as energy-intensity improvements, wind, solar, biomass, and nuclear over the course of the 21^st century, most examinations of potential future greenhouse emissions conclude that additional technology development will be required to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations. The evelopment of an expanded suite of technologies including carbon capture and disposal, hydrogen systems and biotechnology hold the potential to dramatically reduce the cost of stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations. This paper examines these technologies in the context of a global integrated assessment model of energy, agriculture, land-use, economics, and carbon cycle processes.     

城市环境系统的权重分配

本文将多目标二级决策法用于城市环境系统的权重分配，对城中环境系统各要素及各要素的表征参数进行客观自动赋权，克服了环境质量评价中权重分配的主观随意性。该方法物理意义清晰，算法简便，具有较好的应用价值。     

生命周期评价的应用,内涵与挑战

从环境问题与可持续发展出发，指出生命周期评价是在产品层次上实现可持续发展的一种理论评价工具，并探讨了生命周期评价的内涵，论述产品生命周是进行生命周期评价的客观依据，详细探讨应用生命周期评价存在的问题，指出进一步研究生命周期评价的方向。     

产酸脱硫反应器中COD/SO_4~(2-)比制约的群落生态演替规律

通过产酸脱硫反应器的动态试验和配套的静态试验 ,考察致变因子COD/SO2 - 4比制约的乙酸型顶极群落的结构、优势种群的组成和生态演替的规律 ;阐明乙酸型代谢和乙酸型顶极群落是产酸脱硫生态系统的典型特征 ;揭示乙酸型顶极群落内平衡与反馈调节的生理代谢机制 ,并以因变因子 pH值、氧化还原电位和碱度来表征生态演替过程中优势种群的三维实现生态位     

Life-cycle assessment of four types of floor covering

Four types of floor covering have been investigated with respect to their environmental impact: linoleum, cushion vinyl, tufted carpet with a woollen pile and tufted carpet with a polyamide pile. The analysis relates to all stages in the life-cycle (from ‘cradle to grave’) and focuses on floor coverings for domestic use. The analysis is performed by means of the method for life-cycle assessment (Dutch approach). Each floor covering is assessed with regard to its environmental impact. This impact can be of various type: depletion of raw materials, cumulative energy requirement, global warming, acidification, tropospheric ozone creation, stratospheric ozone depletion, eutrophication, production of waste and human health. The inventory of environmental interventions (materials, energy requirements, waste and emissions to air, water and soil) was fairly complete. Most interventions relating to the processes that make up the life-cycle of the floor coverings in question could be quantified. A large part of the data is associated with the process energy requirement. In general these data are quite reliable. The results of the impact assessment for linoleum differs considerably from those for other types of floor coverings. Linoleum turns out to be the most environmentally favourable floor covering. It was not possible to differentiate between the environmental impact of cushion vinyl, tufted carpet with a woollen pile and tufted carpet with a polyamide pile.     

聚电解质溶液中粘土颗粒的ζ电位

分别测定了 5种不同分子量和 5种不同分子链电荷密度的阴离子聚电解质高分子在钠蒙脱石粘土颗粒表面吸附前后粘粒的ζ电位 ;讨论分析了分子结构和体系环境对粘粒 ζ电位的影响以及聚电解质对粘土 -水分散体系的稳定作用。     

云南省主要风景区生态环境现状研究

对云南省主要风景区所在４４个县，市的生态环境质量评价表明，优，良，中的县、市占总数的８８．６４％，总体良好。４４个县中有２７个，１０个国家的风景区中有６个均在两个旅游资源区内， 局相对合理。但１０个湖泊中已 有７个水质达不到水质的功能标准，相关的１４个城镇中也９个的空气质量达不到三级标准。     

铁路专用线声环境影响评价

针对新建铁路专用线沿线的环境特征，提出了铁路专用线声环境影响评价的程序、内容和方法。在目前缺乏新建铁路噪声预测模式的情况下，提出了应对铁路边界噪声、不同距离处的铁路噪声、敏感点噪声、鸣笛噪声进行预测，并以某铁路专用线声环境影响评价为例，对上述四种噪声进行了预测，通过预测得到铁路两侧的声环境状况，并以此为依据提出了铁路噪声的防治对策，以保证铁路专用线沿线声环境质量。