输变电工程电磁辐射污染的初步探讨

为了解输变电工程对周边环境的影响,对南阳地区某110 kV输变电工程进行实地监测。结果表明,工频电场、工频磁场和无线电干扰远远低于国家相关标准限值,而且随着距离的递增呈衰减趋势。然而监测往往选在"好天气"的时间进行,不能反映"坏天气"的实际状况。结合输变电工程环境影响评价的实际工作经验,分析电磁污染和公众参与现状,发现问题并提出建议。     

环境保护在电网工程设计中的应用

在变电站和送电线路设计中,严格执行环保法,按照避让、弱化、防控、修复的原则,采取有效措施,减少对环境的影响,实现环境保护,以满足可持续发展的需要。     

我国建设内陆核电站对环境的影响

未来十年我国内陆核电将处在快速增长的阶段,本文以内陆核电站发电原理为基础,考察污染产生种类及成因,探讨我国内陆核电站在正常运营情况下可能对环境产生的影响,并思考发展方向。     

我国典型铅锌选矿企业尾矿产生及综合利用分析

通过对我国6家典型铅锌选矿企业铅锌尾矿产生情况的调研及现场采样测试分析,掌握典型企业铅锌尾矿的产生、理化性质及综合利用情况,推算出不同品位铅锌原矿吨产品铅锌尾矿的产生系数,并结合我国铅锌选矿行业及铅锌尾矿综合利用现状,提出适合我国国情的对策建议。     

Power matters in closing the phenotyping gap

Much of our understanding of physiology and metabolism is derived from investigating mouse mutants and transgenic mice, and open-access platforms for standardized mouse phenotyping such as the German Mouse Clinic (GMC) are currently viewed as one powerful tool for identifying novel gene-function relationships. Phenotyping or phenotypic screening involves the comparison of wild-type control mice with their mutant or transgenic littermates. In our study, we explored the extent to which standardized phenotyping will succeed in detecting biologically relevant phenotypic differences in mice generated and provided by different collaborators. We analyzed quantitative metabolic data (body mass, energy intake, and energy metabolized) collected at the GMC under the current workflow, and used them for statistical power considerations. Our results demonstrate that there is substantial variability in these parameters among lines of wild-type C57BL/6 (B6) mice from different sources. Given this variable background noise in mice that serve as controls, subtle phenotypes in mutant or transgenic littermates may be overlooked. Furthermore, a phenotype observed in one cohort of a mutant line may not be reproducible (to the same extent) in mice coming from a different environment or supplier. In the light of these constraints, we encourage researchers to incorporate information on intrastrain variability into future study planning, or to perform advanced hierarchical analyses. Both will ultimately improve the detectability of novel phenotypes by phenotypic screening. Carola W. Meyer and Ralf Elvert contributed equally to this work.     

小型燃煤工业锅炉NO_x形成与释放规律模拟研究

NOx是我国十二五期间重点控制的污染物,燃煤工业锅炉是其重要来源。为了研究燃煤工业锅炉NOx的形成与释放规律,在实验室模拟了不同煤种的燃烧过程。采用原煤/焦炭燃烧法分别研究挥发分氮和焦炭氮生成NOx的反应,探讨燃料型NOx的形成与释放规律,并解释试验模拟条件下燃煤NOx产污系数和现场实测值的差异。结果表明,试验中烟煤、无烟煤、煤焦的NO转化率平均值分别为25.77%,22.17%和11.98%,产污系数平均值分别为4.31,5.08和2.00kg/t,高于现场实测结果核算值。燃煤工业锅炉NOx以燃料型为主,燃料型NOx的形成和释放是一个复杂的多相反应过程,由挥发分氮的氧化还原反应和焦炭氮的氧化还原反应组成,煤种、温度、空气流量、粒径、氧含量等因素对4种反应各自影响及影响程度并不相同。     

连续流动氢化物发生原子荧光法测定水中硒

文章介绍连续流动一氢化物发生一原子荧光测定水中硒的方法,研究了盐酸浓度、硼氢化钾浓度、灯电流、光电倍增管负高压、泵速、载气和屏蔽气流量等对测定硒的影响,找出测定水中硒最佳条件,在最佳条件下,校准曲线相关系数为0.9999.方法检出限为0.0095μg/L,方法的测量范围为0.038-300μg/L,回收率在91.8%-...     

燃煤电厂烟气氮氧化物排放控制技术发展现状

在广泛查阅文献的基础上,对近年来国内外已成功应用和正在研究开发的一些主要的燃煤烟气氮氧化物控制技术进行了介绍。结合我国目前脱硝行业整体水平和国家环保政策要求,对我国脱硝行业技术研发方向提出了建议。     

Efectiveness of national air pollution control policies on the air quality in metropolitan areas of China

Understanding the efectiveness of national air pollution controls is important for control policy design to improve the future air quality in China. This study evaluated the efectiveness of major national control policies implemented recently in China through a modeling analysis. The sulfur dioxide(SO2) control policy during the 11th Five Year Plan period(2006–2010) had succeeded in reducing the national SO2emission in 2010 by 14% from its 2005 level, which correspondingly reduced ambient SO2and sulfate(SO4 2) concentrations by 13%–15% and 8%–10% respectively over east China. The nitrogen oxides(NOx) control policy during the 12th Five Year Plan period(2011–2015) targets the reduction of the national NOx emission in 2015 by 10% on the basis of 2010. The simulation results suggest that such a reduction in NOx emission will reduce the ambient nitrogen dioxide(NO2), nitrate(NO3), 1-hr maxima ozone(O3) concentrations and total nitrogen deposition by 8%, 3%–14%, 2% and 2%–4%, respectively over east China. The application of new emission standards for power plants will further reduce the NO2, NO3, 1-hr maxima O3concentrations and total nitrogen deposition by 2%–4%, 1%–6%, 0–2% and 1%–2%, respectively. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the inter-provincial impacts of emission reduction in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and the Yangtze River Delta, which indicated the need to implement joint regional air pollution control.     

江苏省300MW以上燃煤电厂汞排放现状分析

基于2012年江苏省10家典型燃煤电厂相关数据,分析了影响烟气中汞(Hg)排放浓度的因素。其中电厂负荷、烟气净化设施、燃烧炉类型等会直接影响烟气中Hg的排放浓度,而原煤中Hg的含量与烟气中Hg的浓度没有直接的关系。通过模型对江苏省现有300 MW以上燃煤电厂Hg排放量进行了估算,2012年Hg排放总量约为7.307 t。通过反距权重插值进行分析,发现在区域分布上江苏省整体呈现出南部高于北部的趋势。