从色觉、科学仪器、测不准原理看非决定论

通过对色觉、科学仪器、测不准原理的分析,认为认识在感性阶段是客主体相互作用的结果.感官的生物学意义在于对客体的区别.这种区别是相对准确的,而不是与客体严格一一对应的.科学仪器是人感官的延伸.色觉与其它感官和科学仪器同是人类认识工具.测不准问题是与认识工具直接相关,与客主体相互影响密不可分的,它在宏观上和微观上同时存在,它不是非决定论的理论依据.     

地震对公路的危害及防震原则

分析了地震对公路、桥梁的危害,提出了对平原、山区公路和桥梁的防震原则.     

MANAGING POLLUTION FROM SSI<Emphasis Type="SmallCaps">s</Emphasis> – DESIGNING FOR A SUSTAINABLE INSTITUTION

The common effluent treatment plants (CETPs) are being propagated as the policy response to circumvent the pollution problem from the small-scale industries (SSIs), which abound in developing countries. The formation of the CETPs has been hailed as a collective action or co-operative solution to a common problem involving all the agents responsible for pollution. This paper investigated the desired criteria for designing an institution aimed at solving a common resource problem and factors ensuring the smooth functioning or sustainability of the institution. The design criteria and factors are then tested on a CETP set up in the Indian state of Haryana. The CETP, which was commissioned in 1997 had to be converted to a sewage treatment plant (STP) as the collective arrangement collapsed. The criteria used in the present analysis are that of Ostrom’s [Governing the Commons. Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press, 1990] design principles, whereas the factors considered for sustainability are the one suggested by Rawls [A Theory of Justice. USA, Harvard University Press, 1971]. The analysis indicates that the Kundli CETP failed in both counts as neither all the design principles were met nor did the institution fulfil different sustainability criteria. The paper concludes with the lessons that can be learnt from Kundli’s failure. Readers should send their comments on this paper to: BhaskarNath@aol.com within 3 months of publication of this issue.     

化工项目施工作业风险分析

化工项目施工过程中存在动态变化的、相互叠加的、集成化的作业风险。以往的研究缺乏对动态、叠加风险的全面考虑和定量分析,难以满足化工项目施工中特定风险管理的现实要求。为有效地管理和控制化工项目施工作业风险,分析施工作业在时间、空间上的变化和叠加现象,以作业风险模型为基础,建立兼顾动态风险和叠加风险的系统性作业风险模型。运用该模型计算某个实例化工项目施工期典型时段各建设单元前后期风险变化值及其相互叠加的风险值,绘制其施工区域风险分布图。结果表明,当前主生产车间、辅助车间、喷塔楼、2号仓库区域设备集中、人员密集、作业交叉、事故发生风险较高,是安全管理的重点部位。就此,提出具体风险控制措施。     

安全科学原理及其结构体系研究

从安全科学学的高度和大安全的视角,论述5类安全现象、安全规律和安全科学及其对应关系。提出了由安全生命科学原理、安全自然科学原理、安全技术科学原理、安全社会科学原理和安全系统科学原理5大一级安全科学原理和25条二级安全科学原理组成的安全科学原理体系。分别构建了安全科学原理的"人形"结构和"轮形"结构。阐述各级安全科学原理在"人形"结构和"轮形"结构中的地位、联系、协同、促进与发展作用。研究结果得出了大安全背景下的一个安全科学原理新体系。     

油烟净化设备分类及特性

按油烟净化设备的发展历程对其进行了分类 ,并分别介绍了其工作原理及特点     

安全标语的文化作用机理研究

为挖掘安全标语的安全文化价值,增强安全标语在组织安全文化建设中应用的有效性,从安全文化学视角,解析安全标语的安全文化内涵;分析安全标语文化力的内涵、释放机理及核心效用,构建安全标语与组织安全文化的“自行车”关系模型;阐述基于安全标语的组织安全文化建设原理和方法。结果表明:促进和保障组织安全文化落地是安全标语设置的重要目的,安全标语是组织安全文化建设的重要手段。构建基于安全标语的“四位一体”组织安全文化体系要以安全科学理论为重要理论基础,以安全人性的“Y理论”假设和人性需求为核心准则。     

CCUS技术路线及发展前景探讨

二氧化碳捕集、利用与封存技术（CCUS）作为一项新兴的、具有大规模减排CO2潜力的技术,近几年来受到国内外的广泛关注。简要介绍了CCUS的基本原理,阐述了我国及主要发达国家CCUS技术路线,分析了我国发展CCUS的技术原则、技术政策及相关举措,为我国开展CCUS技术研究和工程示范提供参考。     

现代垃圾填埋技术设计理念及其工程应用

对现代垃圾填埋技术的设计要点进行归纳,并结合上海市老港填埋场四期工程介绍其在工程设计中的具体应用。     

Application of eco-exergy for assessment of ecosystem health and development of structurally dynamic models

Eco-exergy has been widely used in the assessment of ecosystem health, parameter estimations, calibrations, validations and prognoses. It offers insights into the understanding of ecosystem dynamics and disturbance-driven changes. Particularly, structurally dynamic models (SDMs), which are developed using eco-exergy as the goal function, have been applied in explaining and exploring ecosystem properties and changes in community structure driven by biotic and abiotic factors. In this paper, we review the application of eco-exergy for the assessment of ecosystem health and development of structurally dynamic models (SDMs). The limitations and possible future applications of the approach are also addressed.