西藏自治区土地沙漠化防治及其工程建设问题研究

依据沙漠化普查数据,论文较为详尽地分析了西藏自治区沙漠化土地的类型、程度、面积与分布,介绍了西藏土地沙漠化的主要危害及其所造成的经济损失,简要阐述了其驱动力,并按照当前国家关于西部大开发的基本思路、政策及其优先领域,提出土地沙漠化防治工程建设应是西藏自治区的“西部大开发”中的重要生态环境保护与建设项目,分析了西藏土地沙漠化防治的对策、途径、技术手段与措施,同时探讨了西藏土地沙漠化防治工程建设的基本原则、思路、目标、任务、优先项目与重点区域。     

码头工程项目环境监理实践与探析

简述了环境监理在建设项目环境管理中的作用.以无锡港城郊港区胡埭作业区码头工程建设项目为实例,详细介绍了环境监理方案编制的内容,项目监理的重点.指出,环境监理须经过进一步实践和探索,增强针对性,提高环境监理工作水平.     

环保验收监测异常数据的分析与处理

介绍了目前对环境监测异常数据研究状况,简述了环境监测异常数据的辨识方法,分析了环境监测异常数据产生的原因,提出在建设项目环保验收监测过程中异常数据的处理,以及防止产生异常数据的措施.     

建设项目的环境经济效益分析

以克拉玛依市锅炉房改造项目为例,采用环境经济学的价值计算原理,动态的经济分析方法对改造项目的经济和社会环境效应进行了核算,该项目环境保护投资与基本建设投资比例为5.6%,净现值778.3>0,费效比1.41>1,说明其环境经济效益较好。     

INDEXED SEQUENTIAL HYDROLOGIC MODELING FOR HYDROPOWER CAPACITY ESTIMATION1

ABSTRACT: The indexed sequential hydrologic modeling (ISM) methodology is utilized by the Western Area Power Administration as the basis for risk-based estimation of project-dependable hydropower capacity for several federally owned/operated projects. ISM is a technique based on synthetic generation of a series of overlapping short-term inflow sequences obtained directly from the historical record. The validity of ISM is assessed through application to the complex multireservoir hydropower system of the Colorado River basin for providing risk estimates associated with determination of reliable hydrogeneration capacity. Performance of ISM is compared with results from stochastically generated streamflow input data to the Colorado River Simulation System (CRSS). Statistical analysis and comparison of results are based on monthly power capacity, energy generation, and downstream water deliveries. Results indicate that outputs generated from ISM synthetically generated sequences display an acceptable correspondence with those obtained from stochastically generated hydrologic data for the Colorado River Basin.     

MEASURING INTANGIBLE BENEFITS -SOME NEEDED RESEARCH1

ABSTRACT. Society has long sought to maximize the welfare of its members by allocating its limited resources so as to provide maximum satisfaction. As long as all of the values that society gains or loses are measured in the market place in terms of price, the process of maximizing through economic models is relatively straightforward. In fact, however, the total value that society receives from the use of its resources is not completely measured through the private market transactions. There are some values created which are external to the market system. The resulting underinvestment in natural resources by the private sector necessitates the entry of the public sector. The presence of intangible benefits and intangible costs has long been recognized, but completely satisfactory methods for including these in the quantitative analysis of benefit-cost have not been developed. Some progress has been made in including recreational values in project analysis via the expenditures method, the Gross National Product method, consumer surplus method, cost method, market value method, and monopoly and discriminating monopoly methods, but little has been done in the area of aesthetic values. Techniques for including such values in project evaluation need to be further researched. Tradeoff models developed by market researchers, the advertising industry, social psychologists and sociologists may have some applicability. Methodology for including proposed multiple objective functions in project analysis is also a critical need.     

Business excellence through resource efficiency (betre): An evaluation of the UKs highest recruiting, facilitated self-help waste minimisation project

The business excellence through resource efficiency (betre) project aimed to increase awareness of the benefits of waste minimisation for SMEs in West Sussex, South East England. The programme was run by the West Sussex Sustainable Business Partnership, a collaboration of all West Sussex Local Authorities, the Environment Agency and EcoSys (a service provider). Betre provided a range of free business support and advice over an 18-month period including; workshops, newsletters, audits, grants and a technical Helpline. Information on environmental compliance and Best Practice for waste minimisation, recycling, energy and water efficiency was disseminated. All activities were linked with the UK government's Best Practice programmes. Although company recruitment was initially slow, betre was ultimately extremely successful at attracting companies to join; with 308 recruited. This is probably the most successful recruitment to a project, of this type, in the UK to date. Over half of the business members became actively involved and attended training events or had environmental audits. There were over 200 improvement actions identified by 64 of the participating companies. These resulted in estimated cost savings of at least £215 000 per annum. In addition, actions taken to prevent pollution and ensure compliance with environmental legislation have the potential to save businesses a further £204 000 in possible penalties. The environmental impact of the project has been significant, with reductions identified in waste (1437 tonnes), water (62 933 m³) and energy (15 million kW h—equivalent to 668 tonnes CO₂). In addition to actions with directly measurable results, betre has stimulated long-term benefits by addressing pollution prevention and compliance, through the formulation of environmental policies and from the adoption of Environmental Management Systems. One of the key learning points is that it may have been better to devote less time to running training events and instead to have diverted this time to increased business support, mainly through audits. To capitalise on this success, a new project is being planned to disseminate Best Practice.     

SCR反应器短直进口段混氨技术研究

摘要：OI^2-SCR技术根据流场适应型设计理论设计了喷氨装置；以“主动利用不均”代替传统的“单—尺度的平均化”理念进行喷氨操作，在SCR反应器短直进口段内实现了良好的NH3／NOx混合效果，进而解决了改造工程中常见的空间制约问题。同时，充分发挥了有限体积的催化剂的效能，在较低氨逃逸率的前提下，实现了较高的脱硝效率。     

广安市全民水库死鱼原因探讨

近年来,全民水库的网箱养鱼发展很快,１９９７年１２月我市全民水库发生了罕见的死鱼事件,严重影响了市、区的生产、生活供水,曾引起省、市、区领导的高度重视。本文在收集大量资料的基础上,分析讨论了全民水库死鱼的原因。     

斜气流技术的试验研究与工程应用

针对电除尘器运行过程中出现的除尘效率下降问题,进行了斜气流技术模拟试验.试验中采用不同的调节装置,将气流调整到预定的斜气流廓线模式.分析了不同气流调节装置对流速分布的影响,将优化后的斜气流方案运用到实际工程中,取得了良好的效果.