西昌市大气污染现状调查及保护对策

本文对西昌市大气污染现状进行调查分析，揭示了大气环境污染的特征及其变化规律，从宏观上提出了保护大气环境的对策。     

Morphophysiological Rearrangements in Fish in Response to Pollution (in the Light of S.S. Shvarts' Theory)

The results of a study on morphophysiological variation in fish inhabiting a subarctic lake exposed to chronic industrial pollution are described using an example of cisco, Coregonus lavaretus. It is shown that indices of the heart, liver, kidneys, gills, and fatness in these fish are increased significantly and have retained increased values for the past 20 years. The observed changes are analyzed on the basis of biochemical data. The results of studies on the dynamics of hematological parameters in fish are used for characterizing the development of toxicosis. Adaptive rearrangements associated with an increase in the metabolic rate and the activation of protective systems in the fish are explained in the context of S.S. Schvarts' concept. The idea is proposed that the additional energy cost of detoxification may be responsible for morphophysiological variation in fish under conditions of water pollution.     

微网对继电保护安全运行的影响分析及解决方案

在分析微网接入配电网对现有继电保护模式的不利影响基础上,总结含微网的配电网继电保护策略,提出适用的含微网的配电网继电保护方案,包含微网外保护方案、微网内保护方案、PCC点保护方案。对微网内保护方案,结合案例分析其继保动作。     

植物活性物质对PM_(2.5)致细胞损伤的抗性作用

为研究植物活性物质对PM2.5致细胞损伤的抗性作用,研究了北京城区PM2.5对CHO(Chinese hamster ovary,中国仓鼠卵巢)细胞的损伤作用,并选择植物活性物质绿原酸、阿魏酸和荭草素探讨其对CHO细胞的保护作用.以CCK-8法确定PM2.5的试验剂量和3种活性物质的最佳保护剂量,然后通过彗星试验、微核试验、流式细胞术及Western Blotting分别检测PM2.5的损伤作用及植物活性物质的保护作用.结果表明:1由CHO细胞存活率可知,PM2.5的有效试验剂量为15μg/m L,绿原酸、阿魏酸和荭草素的最佳保护剂量分别为50、20、10μmol/L.2PM2.5可引起CHO细胞明显的DNA损伤、微核形成增加、细胞周期阻滞所致的细胞增殖指数降低,而经阿魏酸、绿原酸和荭草素预处理后,均可减轻PM2.5对细胞的损伤作用,起到了一定的保护作用.3PM2.5能引起CHO细胞中p53和caspase-3蛋白的表达增加,而阿魏酸、绿原酸和荭草素均可使其表达量有所降低.由PM2.5引起的细胞损伤经绿原酸、阿魏酸、荭草素作用后表达量降低.在3种植物活性物质中,以阿魏酸拮抗PM2.5损伤的效果最佳,绿原酸次之,荭草素相对较差.     

Immediate behavioural responses to earthquakes in Christchurch,New Zealand,and Hitachi,Japan

This study examines people's immediate responses to earthquakes in Christchurch, New Zealand, and Hitachi, Japan. Data collected from 257 respondents in Christchurch and 332 respondents in Hitachi revealed notable similarities between the two cities in people's emotional reactions, risk perceptions, and immediate protective actions during the events. Respondents' physical, household, and social contexts were quite similar, but Hitachi residents reported somewhat higher levels of emotional reaction and risk perception than did Christchurch residents. Contrary to the recommendations of emergency officials, the most frequent response of residents in both cities was to freeze. Christchurch residents were more likely than Hitachi residents to drop to the ground and take cover, whereas Hitachi residents were more likely than Christchurch residents to evacuate immediately the building in which they were situated. There were relatively small correlations between immediate behavioural responses and demographic characteristics, earthquake experience, and physical, social, or household context.     

民航空中交通管制设施雷电防护的特点

主要结合多年民航系统设备设施的雷电防护建设实践,在符合国家和民航局相关规定、技术规范的前提下,理论结合实际说明民航通信、导航、监视设施雷电防护的特点。     

清江流域自然旅游资源调查与评价方法

根据清江流域自然旅游资源的特色，首先提出了一套对其进行详细系统的调查方法：（１）利用遥感数字图象处理技术及航、卫片解译结果，圈出潜在景区及潜在景点；（２）详细调查、收集及整理清江流域各市、镇已有资料，填写旅游资源调查登记卡片；（３）在（１），（２）基础上，对主要潜在景区及景点进行野外现场调研。然后，以调查结果为前提，提出了采用综合评分法，模糊数学评价方法，信息量评价方法，神经网络评价方法及地理信息     

海滨核电建造期可剥涂层的临时防护性能研究

目的 考察可剥涂层在海洋大气环境下的大型工程建造中的临时防护作用。方法 对来自两个厂家的可剥涂层进行了为期12周的耐候性试验,对可剥涂层在不锈钢及碳钢/环氧两种基底上的可剥离性、防护性和氟氯残留量进行了测试。结果 两个厂家的涂层在外观、耐蚀性、附着力等方面的试验结果没有明显差异,涂层的剥离强度均低于0.05 kN/m,涂层剥离后不锈钢表面的氟氯离子残留量远低于15 ?g/dm2,试验周期内环氧漆色差变化较小。结论 两个厂家的可剥涂层在光泽、硬度和剥离强度等测试方面的结果上存在差异,但对环氧漆均有着较好的防护作用,试验期内剥离性良好,且无有害化学元素残留,具有较高的工程应用价值。     

液体推进剂职业中毒风险评价及防护对策研究

本文以某发射场为例,通过主要危险源辨识、作业单元划分、现场调查和监测统计,利用风险指数评估法对液体推进剂职业中毒风险进行量化评价,结果表明:液体推进剂作业存在极度和高度职业中毒风险,发射场液体推进剂作业职业中度风险主要来源于液体推进剂及氮气;液体推进剂设备维修、应急救援及进罐作业存在极度职业中毒风险,转注/加注、取样为高度风险,化验及"三废"处理属于中度风险。根据评价结果并借鉴以往事故经验教训,指出职业中毒伤害与工程控制、个体防护措施和安全意识密切相关,不使用或不能正确使用呼吸防护装备是引发职业中毒的主要原因,并提出针对性的防护措施建议。