对于土地使用权升值问题的探讨

基于经济和社会等方面的原因,土地所有权的价格一般会不断上涨,固定年期土地使用权价格也会随之上升。但受让土地使用权价格存在类似折旧的现象。投资人能否从地价普遍上涨中获得增值收益,取决于土地所有权增值比率、土地还原利率、剩余使用年期等多种因素。     

中国居民能源价格扭曲的家庭消费效应

以电力能源为研究对象,选取2014—2018年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)与能源价格扭曲指标的匹配数据,从微观家庭层面经验考察了居民能源价格扭曲对家庭消费的影响及其作用机制。结果表明:(1)普遍存在负向扭曲的居民电力价格提升了居民家庭消费水平,特别是增加了居民家庭的电能、食品、衣着鞋帽、设备及日用品、交通通信、文教娱乐及其他分项消费支出。(2)居民能源价格扭曲通过收入效应与互补效应影响居民家庭消费水平及其结构。(3)居民能源价格扭曲的家庭消费效应在城乡家庭之间、城乡各收入组家庭之间存在异质性。居民能源价格扭曲对农村家庭消费水平的促进作用比城镇家庭更大,同时,居民能源价格扭曲对城乡家庭消费的促进作用都体现在提高各自高收入组家庭消费。这些结论可为推进能源市场化改革并建立公平与效率兼容的能源价格机制提供决策参考。     

关于Ramsey模型及其改进的研究和启示

缺水已经成为我国经济发展和社会进步的重要制约因素之一．而对水价的制定到对水资源的利用效率起科十分关键的作用。本文通过对Ramsey模型及其改进的研究．得出如下启示．即实行阶梯水价既有利于实现杜会福利的优化，也可以起到节约水资源的效果。由于阶梯水价机制的设计可以为制度安排、资本进入和市场运行提供更大的弹性空间．因此．本文的政策含义是：在实施阶梯水价的背景下．政府只需对基量水价按边际成本的定价原则来严格规制．从而有效提升水务市场的运行效率。上述举措的优点在于：由于基量水价被严格规制．消费者的基本用水福利可以得到满足；超过基本用水量的水价和再生水价的相对放松规制会鼓励社会资本进入水务行业．使行业运营效率得到提高；国有资本退出水务行业使得政府财政负担减轻，同时．由于放松规制．政府的规制成本也得以降低。最终城市水务行业可以真正做到可持续的发展。     

Valuing Water Rights in Douglas County,Oregon, Using the Hedonic Price Method1

Abstract: This paper uses the hedonic price method to estimate the value of an acre‐foot of irrigation water in Douglas County, Oregon. The analysis uses detailed information from 113 arms‐length transactions of farmland for 2000 and 2001. The estimated willingness‐to‐accept of $261 to sell an acre‐foot of irrigation water is consistent with other studies and recent transactions in the study area. Estimates for the value of leasing water are provided using a range of discount rates and leasing periods.     

浅谈地价评估和管理中的几个问题

土地价格是土地价值和权益的具体表现，是调节土地利用的重要手段。地价管理在推进土地有偿使用、优化配置土地资源、促进土地市场建设等方面发挥着重要作用。而现行地价体系比较成熟的只有作为国有土地使用权出让标准的一种基准地价，为适应其它土地权利流转的需要，应建立以土地权利为核心的新型地价体系。     

ECONOMIC VALUATION OF RIPARIAN BUFFER AND OPEN SPACE IN A SUBURBAN WATERSHED1

Abstract: This study evaluates the economic value of riparian buffers and open space in a suburban watershed through two nonmarket valuation methods. A contingent valuation survey was implemented in the Dardenne Creek watershed, a suburban watershed of the St. Louis metropolitan area in Missouri, to evaluate the residents' perceptions of and willingness to pay (WTP) for adopting riparian buffers and preserving farmland in a hypothetical real estate market. A hedonic pricing model based on actual sale prices of homes in the watershed was applied to estimate the market value of open space and other environmental conditions such as flood zone and stream proximity in the study area. The results showed that residents' WTP was consistent with the economic values of open space and proximity to streams embedded in existing home prices. Through a better understanding of residents' perceptions and values, riparian buffer and open space programs can be designed and promoted to achieve greater implementation success and environmental benefit.     

Mine capacity and mineral price

The loss of foreign mineral supplies may affect domestic supply and price. To investigate the assumption that prices, a simple mine investment model that relates mine capacity to deposit attributes is used. A test of the model to see how well it approximates industry investment practice illustrates its accuracy. The model suggests that price changes can substantially affect the optimal capacity of planned or existing mines as well as the mineral supply in the USA.     

RESIDENTIAL WATER DEMAND: A POOLED,TIME SERIES,CROSS SECTION STUDY OF MALMÖ, SWEDEN1

Shortcoming associated with past water demand studies are evaluated. To overcome these shortcomings, pooled, time series, cross section data from -6, Sweden, are used in an ordinary Least squares analysis to estimate the demand for residential water. Elasticities for five variables, including price and income, are estimated. An approach for the conduct of future water demand studies is suggested.     

长江中游地区水资源产业化开发研究

长江中游地区对丰富的水资源进行产业化开发可实现振兴经济的目的,其中售水、水电、水运、水域农业和水上旅游业是主要开发领域。水资源产业化开发的利益关系由合理的收费与价格体系进行协调。     

环境补偿费的征收与转嫁

运用经济学基本原理分析了征收环境补偿费的理论依据,论述了在征收过程中可能对物价带来的影响以及环境补偿的转嫁问题。征收环境补偿是解决环境问题,实现可持续发展的重要手段。