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131.
132.
Culturable heterotrophic bacterial and phytoplanktonic densities were investigated at four sites in the Southern Adriatic Sea (Brindisi, S. Cataldo, Otranto and S. M. di Leuca) over an annual cycle. The main phytoplankton groups, the bacterial biodiversity, as well as the faecal contamination indicators were determined. Culturable bacterial numbers averaged 4.8 ± 0.2 log CFU ml−1 whereas phytoplankton numbers averaged 2.1 ± 0.4 log cells ml−1. Relationships between culturable bacteria, phytoplankton and the environmental factors were established. Bacterial and phytoplankton densities usually depended significantly on temperature, dissolved oxygen, phosphate and nitrite only in the S. Cataldo transect. In all the examined transects phytoplankton showed a bloom during the January–February period followed by a bacterial peak during the February–March period. Thus we can suppose that the phytoplankton winter bloom is responsible for the availabily of organic matter for bacterial populations in the following months in this oligotrophic ecosystem. 相似文献
133.
Agarwal R Jayaraman G Anand S Marimuthu P 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2006,114(1-3):489-504
The study focuses on assessing the status of respiratory morbidity in Delhi over a four years period from 2000–2003. An attempt was made to investigate the role of important pollutants (SO2, NO2, SPM and RSPM) and various meteorological factors (temperature minimum & maximum, relative humidity at 0830 and 1730 hrs. and wind speed) in being responsible for respiratory admissions on account of COPD, asthma and emphysema. The study showed that winter months had greater exposure risk as pollutants often get trapped in the lower layers of atmosphere resulting in high concentrations. Statistical analysis revealed that two pollutants have significant positive correlation with the number of COPD cases viz., SPM (r = 0.474; p < 0.01) and RSPM (r = 0.353; p < 0.05), while a meteorological factor temperature (minimum) has a significant negative correlation (r = −0.318; p < 0.05) with COPD. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed for COPD as dependent variable and R2 value of 0.33 was obtained indicating that SPM and RH(1730) were able to explain 33 percent variability in COPD. The partial correlation of SPM and RH(1730) on COPD was higher than any other combination and therefore they can be regarded as important contributing variables on COPD. 相似文献
134.
经济与环境协调发展综合指标与实证分析 总被引:16,自引:2,他引:14
贯彻落实科学发展观,其重要内容之一就是要实现经济与环境的协调发展.建立了体现经济与环境协调关系的5个单项指标,即能耗强度、水耗强度、污染物(SO2和COD)排放强度、运输强度、环保投入强度,以及1个综合性指标--经济与环境协调度.以上述指标为基础,比较分析了代表我国东部及中、西部地区经济发展水平的广东省、湖北省和陕西省1999-2003年经济与环境关系现状.结果表明:东部发达地区经济与环境日趋协调,而中、西部地区经济与环境关系协调度较差,尤其是西部地区表现尤为明显. 相似文献
135.
稠油废水生物处理主要影响因素分析 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
有机聚合物和石油烃类物质是稠油废水中的主要污染物.应用辽河油田锦采污水处理厂稠油废水中筛选分离出的菌株B0501,分析其在稠油废水生物处理过程中对废水CODCr的去除作用,研究了不同温度,pH,水力停留时间以及添加氮、磷营养盐等条件下微生物对废水CODCr去除的影响.结果表明:稠油废水中投加的外源微生物B0501提高了废水中CODCr的去除率;接种后,废水在30 ℃,pH为7.5,水力停留时间为216 h,添加氮、磷营养盐(ρ(氮)/ρ(磷)为5.63)的条件下,废水CODCr去除率大幅度提高,其ρ(CODCr)满足国家污水综合排放一级标准(GB 8798-1996).经形态观察和生理生化反应鉴定,菌株B0501为液化金杆菌(Aureobaterium liquefaciens). 相似文献
136.
137.
An efficient technology to treat heavy metal--lead--contaminated soil by microwave radiation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jou CJ 《Journal of environmental management》2006,78(1):1-4
Microwave (MW) technology can be used to vitrify contaminated soil wastes and immobilize heavy metal ions in soils. More than 93% of the Pb(II)-contaminated soil was vitrified to a glass/ceramic formation after 30 min of MW radiation. In a 6-year study, the Pb(II) concentration of the vitrified soil in the leaching test was less than 1.0 mg/l, which is substantially below the USEPA regulatory limit of 5.0 mg/l. 相似文献
138.
ABSTRACTIn this Forum, three scholars discuss how climate engineering will pose novel human rights challenges, and may well force reconsideration of how human rights are applied as a guide to action. Following a short introduction, the first section introduces three competing approaches to human rights, arguing views which emphasize fairness or attempt to maximize satisfaction are more promising than one viewing human rights as inviolable ‘side-constraints’. The second section draws lessons from climate migration that are relevant for climate engineering in terms of incorporating a human rights approach to duties, rights, and participation. The final section compares the ‘needs-based’ and ‘rights-based’ approaches to humanitarian work in the face of climate change and climate engineering, raising concerns for duty-bearers and right-holders. The Forum’s conclusion draws together points of overlap and suggests a path forward for policy and research on this topic. 相似文献
139.
ABSTRACTSolar geoengineering, which seeks to cool the planet by reflecting a small fraction of sunlight back into space, has drawn the attention of scientists and policymakers as climate change remains unabated. Unlike mitigation, solar geoengineering could quickly and cheaply lower global temperatures. It is also imperfect. Its environmental impacts remain unpredictable, and its low cost and immediate effects may result in ‘moral hazard,’ potentially crowding out costly mitigation efforts. There is little understanding about how the public will respond to such tradeoffs. To address this, a 1000-subject nationally representative poll focused on solar geoengineering was conducted as part of the Cooperative Congressional Election Study (CCES) of the US electorate in October–November 2016. The importance that individuals place on solar geoengineering’s speed and cost predicts their support for it, but there is little to no relationship between their concerns about its shortcomings and support for its research and use. Acquiescence bias appears to be an important factor for attitudes around solar geoengineering and moral hazard. 相似文献
140.
Ce(Ⅲ)对UV-B辐射胁迫下大豆幼苗光化学反应的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用水培法研究Ce(Ⅲ)对UV-B辐射胁迫下大豆幼苗光化学反应的影响.结果表明, 20 mg·L-1 CeCl3使大豆幼苗净光合速率(Pn)、Hill反应、Mg2+-ATPase活性与光合磷酸化活力4项指标较对照提高23.2%~14.3%; 有效抑制UV-B辐射(T1=0.15 W·m-2和T2=0.45 W·m-2)胁迫下4项指标下降, 4项指标降幅[Ce(Ⅲ)+T1为36.6%~15.9%,Ce(Ⅲ)+T2为65.6%~33.2%]小于对应的UV-B辐射组(T1为50.9%~23.3%,T2为77.3%~51.4%). 动态变化显示, Ce(Ⅲ)减缓了胁迫期4项指标的下降趋势,促进了恢复期4项指标上升幅度. 说明Ce(Ⅲ)通过减轻UV-B辐射对大豆幼苗光化学反应的伤害, 遏制UV-B辐射胁迫下大豆幼苗Pn下降. 相似文献