平原建造垃圾填埋场的新构想

介绍了一种平原建造垃圾填埋场的新工艺 ,它分两步实施 :首先由抗侧应力环逐层叠加做成多个圆柱形垃圾仓 ,而后采用灰土袋护坡围合所有垃圾仓最终形成垃圾填埋场。该工艺的优越性具体表现在 :可杜绝垃圾渗滤液的外溢、高效率地收集填埋气、工程造价低以及土地利用率高     

城市生活垃圾与煤混烧灰渣的熔融特性及成分分析

根据我国城市生活垃圾熔融焚烧需要添加一定量辅助燃料进行稳燃的实际情况以及垃圾成分复杂、波动性大的特点，对配比一定煤的混合垃圾焚烧灰渣的熔融特性及熔融渣的回收利用进行实验研究．实验结果表明：垃圾的熔融特性主要与垃圾渣中的以SiO2-A12O3-CaO-Fe2O3为代表成分有关，垃圾渣中SiO2/A12O3、SiO2 Al2O3、CaO Fe2O3对灰渣熔融点T3的影响与该成分在垃圾渣中存在的化学形式及其性质有关；垃圾熔融渣的物理性能优良，渣中的重金属浸出和噁英的含量均达环保标准．可以直接对垃圾熔融渣进行回收利用。     

Atmospheric Budget of Non-Seasalt Chlorine in the Kanto District,Japan

To evaluate the influence of anthropogenic emission of HCl on the air quality in the Kanto district of Japan, the atmospheric budgetof non-seasalt Cl (nssCl) was analyzed. The Kanto district, which consists of the Tokyo metropolis and the six surrounding prefectures, is the most densely populated region in Japan. The emission intensity of HCl is extremely high compared with those in other regions and most western countries. In this study, the annual wet and dry depositions of nssClwere estimated on a 0.25 × 0.25° grid over the Kanto district based on the concentration monitoring resultsand meteorological data. The budget analysis was conducted by comparing the estimated deposition with the emission of HCl. As a result, the annual total (wet + dry) deposition of nssCl was estimated to be 32 kt yr^-1, which closely agreed with HCl emission (36 kt yr^-1) from waste incineration in this area. The result suggested that the anthropogenic emission of HCl had a significant influence on the air quality and the deposition of acidity in this area.     

Improved quartz furnace method for chlorine and sulfur determination in municipal solid waste

 A method of determining the chlorine (Cl) and sulfur (S) in municipal solid waste (MSW) was studied. The quartz furnace method was improved in two ways: recovery from ash by hot extraction with dilute nitric acid, and avoidance of the volatilization of alkali (earth) metal chlorides by setting the sample combustion temperature at 600°C. In a comparison with the bomb method, using nine sets of kitchen garbage and waste plastics, the bomb method yielded a 15%–25% lower value than the improved quartz furnace method. Combustion in the bomb was frequently incomplete, resulting in recovery losses of Cl and S. The average kitchen garbage involved 5.2 mg Cl/g, of which at least 24.1% would be converted to HCl. Plastics contained 23 mg Cl/g generating 88.1% HCl on average. In the same way, kitchen garbage contained 3.0 mg S/g, generating 52.3% SO _x , whereas plastics contained 1.1 mg S/g with 55.1% SO _x formation. Received: March 20, 2002 / Accepted: October 13, 2002     

Characteristics and aluminum reuse of textile sludge incineration residues after acidification

Leaching solution of sludge incineration residue demonstrated a good pollutant removal efficiency for textile wastewater and can be reused as a textile wastewater treatment agent for pre- and post-processing.     

秋冬季节对矿化垃圾反应器处理渗滤液效果的影响

采用二级矿化垃圾生物反应器小试装置,研究了秋冬季节对反应器处理渗滤液效果的影响.试验结果表明,第一级反应器出水平均化学需氧量(COD)浓度从秋季的1076 mg/L上升到冬季的3084 mg/L,第二级反应器出水COD浓度由秋季的373 mg/L上升为冬季的666 mg/L;相应地,第一级反应器的COD去除率从秋季的7...     

生活垃圾焚烧发电碳排放计算方法研究

生活垃圾焚烧发电,利用垃圾焚烧处理的余热发电,在节约能源的同时,也减少了二氧化碳的排放。本文中结合某垃圾焚烧发电无害化处理工程,依据CDM方法学AM0025对该项目的碳减排量进行了计算,结果表明,10a该项目共减少二氧化碳排放量477560t,给我国带来了可观的环境效益和经济效益。     

高校垃圾分类回收管理初步研究——以云南师范大学呈贡校区为例

通过问卷调查和访谈的方式,调查了云南师范大学呈贡校区校园目前的垃圾排放量、垃圾桶配置情况及垃圾处理方法。在此基础上,提出了大学校园的垃圾分类体系、垃圾分类设施的布局及相关收集与管理措施。     

氢化物原子荧光法与石墨炉原子吸收法测定水中镉的比较研究

分别采用氢化物原子荧光法和石墨炉原子吸收法测定水中痕量镉的含量,在选定的最佳条件下,比较两种方法测定镉元素的优劣。实验结果表明,两种方法都具有较高的准确度和精密度,无显著性差异。     

不同污泥焚烧残渣的重金属稳定性

本文对污泥焚烧残渣中重金属总量、形态分布及浸出毒性进行了试验研究,对比分析了厌氧消化污泥与未消化污泥焚烧残渣中Cd、Pb、Cr、Zn的浸出稳定行为,结果表明:厌氧消化污泥焚烧残渣中重金属Cd、Pb、Cr、Zn的含量明显低于未消化污泥;污泥经焚烧处理后,重金属的存在形态总体上都是从不稳定态向稳定态转移,这一趋势厌氧消化污泥更为明显;在重金属浸出方面,只有未消化污泥在600℃焚烧5 min1、5 min的残渣中Cd的浸出浓度高于标准允许值1 mg/L,其余均低于标准值。