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361.
本文运用区域旅游开发理论,研究了河口县旅游资源的类型与特征,在分析该县旅游功能区划与旅游开发条件的基础上,提出了旅游开发构想. 相似文献
362.
中国80年代的国土规划实际上是50年代区域规划的继续和发展.在四川省编制各种不同的国土规划已近10年。本文以四川的区域(国土)规划实践为依据,就此在进入深化、提高阶段之后的问题.从规划组织形式、类型体系、研究方法的角度进行探讨。 相似文献
363.
社会主义市场经济体制下的区域规划 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立社会主义市场经济体制,就是要使市场在国家宏观调控下对资源配置起基础性作用。经济体制的改革对区域规划提出了新的要求.它决不意味着取消或削弱区域规划,而是要更好地发挥区域规划在发展区域经济中的宏观调控作用。区域规划是区域经济发展的超前研究,其价值在于具有比较准确的发展预见性,能够提出正确的发展方向和战略。区域规划的核心内容是指导资源优化配置,但它并不具有直接的资源流动机制,只能作为资源流动的信息机制。区域规划发挥宏观调控作用的必要条件是政府立法,公益性设施列入国家或地方的计划,在实施中争取社会舆论和社会投资的支持,对经济落后区域的开发采取国家扶持的政策。 相似文献
364.
ABSTRACT: The U.S. Geological Survey has collected flood data for small, natural streams at many sites throughout Georgia during the past 20 years. Flood-frequency relations were developed for these data using four methods: (1) observed (log-Pearson Type HI analysis) data, (2) rainfall-runoff model, (3) regional regression equations, and (4) map-model combination. The results of the latter three methods were compared to the analyses of the observed data in order to quantify the differences in the methods and determine if the differences are statistically significant. Comparison of regression-estimates with observed discharges for sites having 20 years (1966 to 1985) and 10 years (1976 to 1985) of record at different sites of annual peak record indicate that the regression-estimates are not significantly different from the observed data. Comparison of rainfall-runoff-model simulated estimates with observed discharges for sites having 10 years and 20 years of annual peak record indicated that the model-simulated estimates are significantly and not significantly different, respectively. The biasedness probably is due to a “loss of variance” in the averaging procedures used within the model and the short length of record as indicated in the 10 and 20 years of record. The comparison of map-model simulated estimates with observed discharges for sites having 20 years of annual-peak runoff indicate that the simulated estimates are not significantly different. Comparison of “improved” map-model simulated estimates with observed discharges for sites having 20 years of annual-peak runoff data indicate that the simulated estimates are different. The average adjustment factor suggested by Lichty and Liscum to calculate the “improved” map-model overestimates in Georgia by an average of 20 percent for three recurrence intervals analyzed. 相似文献
365.
Gert Aron David J. Wall Elizabeth L. White Christopher N. Dunn 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1987,23(3):479-485
ABSTRACT: A statistical analysis of all available continuous hourly and 15-minute duration rainfall records for Pennsylvania was performed to develop an updated procedure to estimate design storms. As a resuit of this study, Pennsylvania was divided into five homogeneous rainfall regions and a set of rainfall intensity-duration curves developed for each region, for return periods of 1 to 100 years and durations ranging from 5 minutes to 24 hours. The PDT-IDF curves were judged to be a better representation of Pennsylvania rainfall than the nationwide TP-40 maps, particularly for storm events of 10-years and lower return periods. The average time distribution of 24-hour storms in Pennsylvania was found to be well represented by the SCS Type II distribution. The Corps of Engineers SPS 24-hour distribution was found to differ appreciably from both the SCS Type H and the Pennsylvania 24-hour storm distribution. For storm durations between 15 and 90 minutes the standard Yarnell intensity-duration curves closely resemble Pennsylvania storm distributions. 相似文献
366.
William Whipple 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1987,23(6):1179-1184
ABSTRACT: Aquifers with pressure head seriously reduced by overdrafting are referred to as depleted. In coastal areas they may be invaded by saltwater. An obvious remedy is to reduce the rate of withdrawal to the permanently available dependable yield. This is being done now in two areas for New Jersey, under the authority of the State's Water Supply Management Act; but it has not previously been accomplished on a regional scale. The dependable yield was estimated by means of detailed hydrogeological modeling. “Water Supply Critical Areas” were delimited on the basis of piezometric pressure, drawn down 30 feet below sea level. Within the depleted area, water withdrawals must be reduced by a fixed ratio (35 to 50 percent) below the amount withdrawn during 1983. This reduction is effective as soon as al alternative source of water can be made available, usually from a surface source. Special arrangements are made whereby ground water users unconnected to the alternative source of supply can pay to withdrawn their full needs from the depleted aquifers, the money being used to purchase additional water from the new surface water source, in return for which some other user will reduce his ground water withdrawal below his reduced allocation. 相似文献
367.
Laszlo Farago 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》1988,31(2):83-88
The author provides an account of Hungarian regional policy and planning during the last 40 years, describing a socialist state trying to escape from a centrally planned economy. The paper discusses the consequences of the reforms and the problems of conflict resolution which resulted. The author argues that central planning will continue to be necessary in the future, and that there is a need to strengthen the co‐ordinative role of regional plans. 相似文献
368.
Marine sediment toxicity tests are widely applied in monitoring programs, yet relatively little is known about the comparability of data from different laboratories. The need for comparability information is increased in cooperative monitoring programs, where multiple laboratories (often with variable skill levels) perform toxicity tests. An interlaboratory comparison exercise was conducted among seven laboratories in order to document the comparability of sediment toxicity measurements during the Bight'98 regional sediment survey in southern California. Sediments from four stations in Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors were tested using a 10-day survival test of the amphipod Eohaustorius estuarius. All laboratories successfully performed the sediment test and associated reference toxicant test. Statistically significant differences were found in mean amphipod survival rates among some laboratories for the field-collected sediments, but there was little evidence of a consistent bias among laboratories. Although the reference toxicant test indicated a five-fold variation in test sensitivity among laboratories, these results were not accurate predictors of interlaboratory performance for the sediment tests. The laboratories demonstrated excellent concordance (Kendall's W = 0.91) in ranking the field-collected sediments by toxicity. Agreement on classifying the sediments into categories (nontoxic, moderately toxic, and highly toxic) based upon the percent of survival was best for highly toxic sediments. An analysis of test precision based upon the variance among replicates within a test indicated that the measured survival rate for a sample may vary by up to 12 percentage points from the actual response. 相似文献
369.
用活性污染指数法评价微污染水体的环境质量 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对水环境质量的均值污染指数评价方法的缺点,提出了利用活性污染指数法来评价微污染水体环境质量。随后在实例中对此方法进行了运用,并与均值污染指数法进行了比较,效果不错。 相似文献
370.
温室效应对我国长江中下游地区气候的影响--数值模拟 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
利用RegCM2区域气候模式嵌套一个全球模式,进行了CO2加倍情况下对中国区域气候影响的数值试验,对长江中下游地区的情况进行了重点分析.结果表明,在CO2加倍的情况下,长江中下游地区的气温将明显升高,升高值一般在2.3~2.5℃以上,但低于全国平均值.同时,其大部分区域的降水也将增加,特别是在冬季和夏季,但年平均的增加率仅为7%,也低于全国平均值.温室效应会使该地区的日平均最高和最低气温升高,降水日数增多.夏季降水的增多可能会导致这一地区夏季更多的洪涝灾害. 相似文献