清远扶贫区经济与环境协调发展对策

本文分析了环境对经济社会发展的重要意义,阐述了经济与环境的辨证关系以及扶贫区经济发展对环境的影响,提出了扶贫区经济与环境协调发展的对策。     

Organophosphate dichlorvos induced dose‐related differential alterations in lipid levels and lipid peroxidation in various regions of the fish brain and spinal cord

Abstract

The effect of dichlorvos (DDVP) (0–0, dimethyl 2: 2‐dichlorovinyl phosphate), on various lipid fractions and lipid peroxidation in the discrete areas of the brain and spinal cord were studied in the fresh water teleost (Heteropneustes fossilis). Fishes were exposed to three different doses (3.0, 6.0 and 9.0 ppm) of DDVP daily for 7 days. Dose‐related increase in the levels of total lipids, cholesterol and esterified fatty acids was detected in the fore brain, optic lobes, cerebellum, medulla oblongata and spinal cord. However, phospholipids were significantly decreased in the aforementioned regions of the central nervous system. The rate of lipid peroxidation was significantly increased in all the regions of the CNS.     

基于农户满意度的土地整理项目绩效评价及区域差异研究

农村土地整理项目具有公共产品特征,其绩效评价不仅需要从"生产面或供给面"入手,还应从"消费面或需求面"展开。农户使用满意度是土地整理项目绩效的终端评价,对于改善项目绩效、促进农村土地整理可持续发展意义更加重大。从农户满意度视角,构建土地整理项目绩效评价指标体系,运用问卷调查和顾客满意度评价法(CSI评价法)对我国农村土地整理项目绩效及其区域差异进行实证研究。研究发现:①我国土地整理项目农户满意度绩效值为4.12,总体上处于"优秀"水平等级;②存在由经济发展水平和农户自身特征引起的土地整理项目绩效区域差异和农户差异;东、中部地区项目的绩效总体水平要高于西部地区。③当前土地整理项目总体上在降低生产成本、后期工程管护等2个指标绩效水平表现不足,是今后土地整理项目建设中需要着重关注和改善的方面。研究结果为我国土地整理工作提供了重要的政策启示。     

Temporal-spatial change and driving mechanism for regional difference of domestic tourism in China

By using the variation coefficient,Gini coefficient and Theil coefficient,this paper makes preliminary exploration of temporalspatial change features and driving mechanism for regional differences of domestic tourism in China from 1995 to 2009.According to the results,we drew the following conclusions:(1)The regional difference of domestic tourism in China tends to be narrowing generally,and is less than that of inbound tourism,playing an important role in narrowing the overall gap of regional tourism in China.(2)The regional internal difference features:inter-provincial difference in the eastern region and difference among the eastern,central and western regions are comparatively obvious and demonstrate a significantly shrinking tendency,the change tendency is consistent with the change tendency of overall difference and exercises a decisive role in overall difference,whereas the inter-provincial difference in the central and western regions is small and relatively stable,having less influence on the overall difference.(3)The temporal-spatial change in regional difference is featured by:low-level provinces occupy a majority and are concentrated in the central and western regions,showing a tendency of narrowing difference;high-level provinces are concentrated in the eastern region,showing a tendency of spreading to the central and western regions;spatial pattern of regional difference demonstrates 4 types,i.e."proliferation type","polarization type","quiescence type"and"collapse type."(4)The driving force for regional difference of domestic tourism in China comes down to 3 aspects:regional socio-economic attribute,regional transport accessibility level and regional development policy.     

Gini Index for Cities: A Preliminary Study on Regional Differences of Chinese City Size Distribution

Abstract

City size distribution is of interest because of a number of key stylized facts, including notably Zipf's law for cities and the importance of urban primacy. But a new and more efficient method Gini index can be used for calculating regional city size distribution. This paper begins by developing a calculation method for the Gini index, dividing the whole country into 26 areas and then calculating each area's Gini index value. Based on these calculation results, this paper gives a preliminary study on regional differences of its city size distribution and the dynamics.     

Ecotourism Model and Benefits of Periphery Regions in Western Sichuan Province

Abstract

There are many problems in the minority regions of western Sichuan Province, such as serious soil erosion, fragile ecological environment, low levels of economy and so on. Advantages of tourism resources in the “periphery regions” should be fully utilized, and “multitourism” meets the characteristics and present situation of the minority regions. The “multitourism development model” can exert the functions of tourism as the key industry. Based on the demands and the internal linkages among different industries, the model can accelerate the development of related-industries, such as eco-agriculture, eco-industry and so on. Through implementing the multi-tourism model, we can fully utilize the advantages of the periphery regions and promote the sustainable development of regional economy.     

Research on Indicator System of Regional Eco-efficiency: A Case Study of Chengyang District

Abstract

Eco-efficiency is a valuable tool for managing and solving issues involving resource consumption and pollution emission in current production processes. Despite the popularity of the term “eco-efficiency” in business, limited attention has been paid to measuring and reporting regional eco-efficiency for local government policy makers. Based on the concept and method of eco-efficiency, an indicator system of regional eco-efficiency is established in this study. The indicator system comprises 22 indicators, which are divided in to three categories including socio-economic development, resources consumption, environmental pressure. As a promising statistical technique, principle component analysis is used to set the weight of indicators which attempts to calculate the eco-efficiency indices of Qingdao's Chengyang District. The results show that the eco-efficiency of Chengyang District has clearly improved 35.1% with small fluctuation from 1995 to 2003. Socio-economic development index and resources consumption index also represent obvious increasing trends. The correlation coefficient between soci-economic development index and resources consumption index is 0.979, which means the social progress and economic growth of Chengyang District depend on an extravagant consumption of resources. The environmental pressure index in- creased slowly before 1997 and declined gradually after 1997, due to more attention being paid to environmental protection by local government in recent years. Chengyang District still keeps the traditional economic development mode with a high consumption and high production, so the emphases of future development should put on improving the improving the efficient use of natural resources and promoting environmental management sustainability. The results show that the indicators system of regional eco-efficiency is a promising method to quantitatively evaluate resources and environmental efficiency and provide an effective decision-making support for local governments.     

基于GGE双标图和纤维长度选择的长江流域棉花区域试验环境评价

采用GGE双标图方法对2000~2010年期间27个独立的长江流域棉花品种区域试验的安庆、南阳、黄冈、荆州、武汉、襄阳、常德、岳阳、南京、南通、盐城、九江、简阳、射洪和慈溪等15个试验环境（试验点）在棉纤维长度选择上的鉴别力、代表性、理想指数和离优度指数进行了全面分析和综合评价。对各试验环境基于纤维长度选择的综合评价表明,荆州、九江、安庆和常德是最理想的试验环境,对以长江流域为目标环境的广适性新品种选育和作为区域试验环境鉴别理想新品种的效率最高,而江苏和浙江省沿海棉区的试验环境（南通、盐城和慈溪）和四川盆地棉区试验环境（简阳和射洪）不适宜作为针对长江流域的纤维长度选择与推荐环境,从而展示了GGE双标图在棉花区域试验环境评价方面的应用效果,也为长江流域国家棉花区域试验方案的决策提供理论依据     

Evaluation of sustainability using an integrated approach at process and product level: a case study

The present world is facing problems like rapid depletion of natural resources and undesired environmental changes on a global scale. Manufacturing organisations are realising the importance of mitigating the present crisis and are adopting sustainable manufacturing principles. Since it is important to achieve sustainable manufacturing, sustainability assessment models were developed. Sustainability assessment models have their own drawbacks and may not provide clear scope for complete sustainable development. A system approach has been developed to overcome this shortcoming by integrating various sustainability assessment models that are already in practice. This article reports the advantages of collecting the advantages of individual sustainability assessment models and how the implementation of the integrated approach has helped to identify the current sustainability level and the scope for future developments in an automotive industry.     

江苏沿江地区农业产业化地域类型与发展研究

农业产业化经营是新形势下我国农业生产发展的必然趋势。20世纪90年代江苏沿江地区开始了农业产业化经营,现已产生了良好的效果,形成了加工企业带动型、流通企业牵引型、专业市场辐射型、新型合作经济组织依托型、主导产品推进型和外向型农业导入型等多种农业产业化地域类型,对促进江苏沿江地区农业增效、农民增收和农村经济发展产生了重要作用。实现江苏沿江地区农业产业化进一步发展的途径是：构筑农业创新体系,包括完善农村市场组织体制和农业运行机制、建立新型的农业投资机制、创新农业土地流转机制和转变行政、农业科研部门的服务职能;进一步调整与优化农村经济、农业和农产品结构,加快建设区域专门化农业生产基地;加强农业技术革新和农业科技示范园的建设,提高农业科技进步贡献率;建设适应现代市场竞争条件下的农业经营理念,实现传统农业向现代农业的跨越。