腹泻性贝类毒素大田软海绵酸液态芯片检测方法的建立

利用间接竞争法免疫学原理,以自制的大田软海绵酸(okadaic acid,OA)与卵清白蛋白(ovalbumin,OVA)的偶联物OA-OVA包覆微球为载体,同时自制生物化抗OA单克隆抗体,利用液态芯片(Luminex Xmap 200TM)系统建立OA液态芯片定量检测方法;同时测定了方法的灵敏性和特异性,并对贝类模拟样本进行了测试。结果显示:液态芯片法对OA的检测线性范围为0.2～63μg/L,最低检测值为0.129μg/L,均优于酶联免疫吸附法;除与DTX-1的交叉反应率为54.2%外,与其他几种用于检测的贝类毒素没有任何交叉现象;在加标浓度为6.25～400μg/L时,回收率为84.96%～90.35%,变异系数为3.20%～6.59%。因此,该方法可满足海产品中贝类样品OA限量标准检测。     

我国不同区域地质环境城市地下水防污性能分布特征分析

以近几十年来积累的地下水化学和水文地质资料为基础,对我国城市地下水防污性能进行了综合评价,分析了我国不同区域地质环境城市地下水防污性能分布特征及其形成原因,并提出了针对不同地下水防污性能等级的防污建议。     

化工园区定量风险评估方法及其应用

分析了我国化工园区风险特点,介绍了区域定量风险评估方法,以某化工园区为例进行了定量风险评估,通过分析计算,给出了该区域的风险评估结果,项目符合标准的要求,提出了风险控制措施,有助于化工园区装置合理布置和科学规划.     

我国湖泊富营养化效应区域差异性分析

通过分析我国湖泊富营养化相关指标的区域差异性,发现在相同营养物质条件下,浮游藻类生物量却有所差异,说明不同区域浮游藻类对营养物质总氮（TN）和总磷（TP）的利用效率存在显著的区域差异性.利用SPSS中的曲线估计功能,分析我国不同湖泊区域lg Chl-a分别与lg TN和lg TP的线性方程,通过比较线性方程的斜率分析不同湖泊区域浮游藻类对营养物质TN和TP的利用效率,蒙新高原、云贵高原、东北平原-山地、长江中下游平原及华北平原,lg Chl-a与lg TP线性方程的斜率由高到低依次为1.002、0.817、0.761、0.545、0.250.lg Chl-a与lg TN线性方程的斜率由高到低依次为1.401、1.058、0.447、0.239、0.099,分别为长江中下游平原、云贵高原、华北平原、东北平原-山地及蒙新高原.由此可见,东北平原-山地和蒙新高原TP对浮游藻类生长的影响大于TN,而在华北平原、长江中下游平原和云贵高原,TN对浮游藻类生长的影响大于TP.另一方面,通过分析浮游藻类生物量与水体透明度之间的相关性,阐明藻类生长繁殖对不同区域湖泊水体透明度影响的区域差异性,结果表明,湖泊中浮游藻类生长繁殖对水体透明度影响最大的是云贵高原,其次是东北平原-山地、蒙新高原和华北平原,长江中下游平原水体透明度与浮游藻类生物量之间没有显著相关性.     

Determinants on Rural-Urban Labor Migration in China: Empirical Analysis on the Effect of Rural Cooperate Medical Insurance based on Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Data

Abstract

This paper studies factors influencing rural-urban labor migration in China, particularly the implementation of rural cooperative medical insurance (RCMI) in the year 2003. With the support of data analysis from the year 2000, 2004 and 2006, clear linear correlations are found between gender, income, health condition and rural-urban labor flow, whereas the impact of education and employment status are more complicated. More importantly, results from regression show that the establishment of RCMI in countryside of China not only inhibits rural residents from seeking employment outside the village, but also pulls back rural people who have already worked in cities. When regional dimension is concerned, the pure composite effect of RCMI on rural labor flow is less significant in coastal areas with better economic performance and medical service.     

Review on Quantitative Research Methods of Regional Sustainable Development in China

Abstract

Since the 1990s, with the in-depth study and understanding of sustainable development, quantitative study of regional sustainable development (RSD) was increasingly hot in China. Based on quantitative study of RSD from Core Periodical in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (1992–2008), statistical analysis on the annual distribution, periodicals distribution and changes of the distribution were made. And from perspectives of social–economic, ecological, systematic and emerging methods, the course, problems and trends of the quantitative study methods on RSD were examined and analyzed to get a clear summary. By the review, the context on the quantitative study of RSD was to be clarified. The study also showed that, primarily, fields involving quantitative study are expanding; second, big progresses and constant development have been made on the systematic method gradually sophisticated, the flourishing ecological method and emerging new methods in the context of cross and integration which has made complex integrated systems a more satisfactory solution; third, the method system has been more multi-angled, and the clues of independent innovation have been observed despite the fact that the introduction of imported method is the main trend. Although many problems exist, multi-scale study, dynamic timeseries study and inter-regional comparative study will be further exploited and increasingly carried out with the progress of spatial information technology, which would boost the development and application of new methods in RSD study.     

The Factor Decomposition on Carbon Emission of China — Based on LMDI Decomposition Technology

Abstract

Carbon emission is the current hot issue of global concern. How to assess various contributing factors for carbon emission is of great importance to find out the key factors and promote carbon emission reduction. In this paper, the author constructs an identical equation for carbon emission, based on the economic aggregate, the economic structure, the efficiency of energy utilization, the structure of energy consumption, and the coefficient of carbon emission; by applying to LMDI decomposition technology, the author analyzes the carbon emission of China from 1995 to 2007 at industrial level and regional level. The results show that the expansion of economic aggregate is the main reason for China’ s rapidly increasing carbon emission and the increase of energy utilization efficiency is the key factor that can hold back the increase of carbon emission. In addition, the change of industrial structure or regional structure and the change of traditional energy structure have limited influence on the carbon emission, and their potentials have not yet been exploited. At the end of this paper, the author proposes the efforts that China should make to reduce carbon emission.     

On the Regional Coordinated Development Between Tourism Human Resource and Tourism Industry in China

Abstract

Tourism is one of the typical labor intensive industries and tourism human resource (HR) is the main factor for regional discrepancy of tourism industry. The paper takes China as research region and evaluates the level of tourism HR and the level of tourism industry of 31 provinces respectively. First, the paper constructs evaluation index of regional tourism industry and tourism HR. Then, the paper gets the evaluation scores of every province by applying the principal components analysis and statistical package for the social sciences processing. Second, the paper builds the tourism development-tourism HR matrix and divides the matrix into four quadrants. Finally, the paper points out the problems of tourism HR that exist in the 31 provinces and puts forward development strategy.     

Can regional economy influence China’s water use intensity?: based on refined LMDI method

China experienced a decline of water use intensity in the 11th Five Year Plan, but the water use intensity actually increased in 2009. To the best of our knowledge, the index decomposition analysis method was rarely used to analyze changes in water use, and no decomposition analysis has investigated the role of regional economy in the decline of water use intensity. In this paper, we use logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) techniques to decompose the change of water use intensity in the period 2006–2010. We find that the change of industrial water use intensity is confirmed as the dominant contributor to the decline in the overall water use intensity; the regional structure effect and the industrial structure effect is positive to the decline of overall water use intensity; the decline of China’s water use intensity is mainly attributed to the effect of developed eastern provinces; meanwhile, the effect of central and undeveloped western is also positive to the decline of overall water use intensity; at least one out of three effects is positive to the decline of water use intensity in the different provinces; the intensity effect is positive and the industrial structure effect is positive to the declines of China’s water use intensity based on chaining approach except the period 2008–2009, individually; and the deviation of regional structure effect and industrial structure effect between with regional economy and without regional economy in LMDI is 0.9 and 2.3 m³/10⁴ RMB, respectively.     

基于多源综合观测的徐州冬季重污染过程分析

经过多年的大气污染治理,我国的多种大气污染物浓度已呈现显著下降趋势,然而在不利气象条件下仍会导致重污染事件的发生.掌握此类影响较大的偶发重污染事件产生与发展的原因和机制,有助于进行下一步的大气污染预警和防控.本研究以徐州2020年12月中旬的 一次重污染过程为例,通过地面站点观测、激光雷达、模式模拟、颗粒物组分观测与源解析、后向轨迹溯源等手段进行了全方位的观测与分析.结果表明,此次污染过程中颗粒物主要来源为二次离子、燃煤、生物质燃烧、机动车、扬尘等,其中,二次离子占比最高,为37.9%;污染期硫氧化率（SOR）和氮氧化率（NOR）明显高于污染前,增幅分别为176%和82%;污染期主要来自燃煤源的SO₄^2-较污染前升高幅度明显,由5.51 μg·m^-3升高至16.3 μg·m^-3,升幅为196%;生物质燃烧的示踪物K⁺由0.37 μg·m^-3升高至0.83 μg·m^-3,升幅为123%;污染前期,局地高湿、静稳等主要 外在不利气象因素促进了本地污染物的生成;污染中期受山东和安徽等地污染物传输增加的影响,外来源占主导,外源贡献增加至74.4%. 研究表明,因气象和排放等因素的不确定性,致使冬季重污染过程具有复杂性.本研究可为了解大气污染机理及提高区域联防联控提供依据.