GIS在水污染控制中的研究与探讨

地理信息系统(GIS)是专门用于地理空间信息处理和管理的计算机技术系统，造成城市水污染的污染源及其相关数据均具有空间分布特性，这决定了GIS可在该领域发挥重要作用。GIS能支持与水环境有关的地理空间数据的获取、管理、分析、模拟和显示，以解决复杂的水环境综合治理问题和水污染控制问题；同时，建立完善的空间数据库和属性数据库，为环境保护部门和科研部门提供研究与决策支持。本文就GIS在水污染控制这一领域的应用做一定探讨。     

Cooperative Solutions for Sustainable Resource Management

n -person game theory are most appropriate for these problems because they focus on the conditions for engendering and sustaining the necessary cooperation among the involved stakeholders. These solution concepts seek to ensure that the allocation is based on some norm of equity and, most often, also to minimize the incentive for any player to defect from the cooperative venture. We illustrate these solution concepts with an application to a water resource project in Southern California. We argue how the rigorous mathematical nature of these solution concepts should not hinder their application to actual situations and how, with the use of heuristic rules and inexact notions of comparable worths, we can employ these concepts even in approximate fashion. We remind ourselves that the goal of such an endeavor is to convince stakeholders of the equity of a proposed solution and, in so doing, maximize the prospect of sustained cooperation. The alternative to cooperation, on the other hand, may be endless stalemate.     

我国银杏种植业开发前景分析

本文根据我国银杏种植业的发展现状,分析了我国银杏种植业的开发前景     

矿产资源综合开发利用的评价方法

矿产资源的综合利用,一直没有科学的评价标准。本文提出一套综合利用的评价方法体系,包括参考标准的建立,评价对比方案设计,综合开发利用程度评价,方案排序选优等。本方法体系可用于考核矿山开发阶段的综合利用水平     

云南银杏产业的发展前景

本文分析了国内外银杏资源的开发与市场状况,以及云南银杏开发与利用前景,提出了开发银杏产业的建议     

THE IMPACTS OF CLIMATIC CHANGES FOR WATER RESOURCES OF THE COLORADO AND SACRAMENTO-SAN JOAQUIN RIVER BASINS1

ABSTRACT: A wide variety of regional assessments of the water-related impacts of climatic change have been done over the past two decades, using different methods, approaches, climate models, and assumptions. As part of the Water Sector research for the National Assessment of the Implications of Climatic Variability and Change for the United States, several major summaries have been prepared, looking at the differences and similarities in results among regional research projects. Two such summaries are presented here, for the Colorado River Basin and the Sacramento River Basin. Both of these watersheds are vitally important to the social, economic, and ecological character of their regions; both are large snowmelt-driven basins; both have extensive and complex water management systems in place; and both have had numerous, independent studies done on them. This review analyzes the models, methods, climate assumptions, and conclusions from these studies, and places them in the context of the new climate scenarios developed for the National Assessment. Some significant and consistent impacts have been identified for these basins, across a wide range of potential climate changes. Among the most important is the shift in the timing of runoff that results from changes in snowfall and snowmelt dynamics. This shift has been seen in every regional result across these two basins despite differences in models and climate change assumptions. The implications of these impacts for water management, planning, and policy are discussed.     

GREAT LAKES WATER RESOURCES: CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ANALYSIS WITH TRANSIENT GCM SCENARIOS1

ABSTRACT: The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers conducted an assessment of Great Lakes water resources impacts under transient climate change scenarios. The integrated model linked empirical regional climate downscaling, hydrologic and hydraulic models, and water resource use sub-models. The water resource uses include hydropower, navigation, shoreline damages, and wetland area. The study is unique in that both steady-state 2°CO₂ and transient global circulation model (GCM) scenarios were used and compared to each other. The results are consistent with other impact studies in that high scatter in regional climate among the GCM scenarios lead to high uncertainty in impacts. Nevertheless, the transient scenarios show that in the near-term (approximately 20 years) significant changes could occur. This result only adds to the urgency of creating more flexible and robust management of water resources uses.     

云南省土著民族对村社生态环境和植物资源的保护

云南省土著民族在长期生产实践中积累了丰富的知识,形成了特有的习俗。这些知识和习俗对保护当地生态环境和资源发挥了重大作用。本文从宗教信仰、民俗、耕作制度、栽培、选种等方面进行归纳,以期从中汲取有益于农业持续发展的精华。     

中国沿海地区水资源及生态环境持续利用战略

由于地质和地理条件的特殊性,沿海地区生态环境极其脆弱和敏感。水资源短缺、水环境污染、海水入侵、地面沉降、生态环境退化和海平面上升,已构成我国沿海地区实现可持续发展战略面临的重大资源和环境问题。水资源和生态环境的持续利用,已成为我国沿海地区一项极其重要的战略任务。根据可持续发展理论,通过建立适应水资源持续利用的管理体制、政策和运行机制,采取生态环境可持续保护策略,可完全达到水资源和生态环境的持续利用,并有效实现中国沿海地区资源、环境与经济、社会的有机协调及经济、社会的持续、稳定、健康发展     

山西根瘤菌资源多样性与特异性研究

从山西不同生态条件下,采集豆科植物根瘤,经分离、纯化、回接原寄主,获得来自３１属７１种豆科植物寄主的纯根瘤菌株２１２株．对１５４株进行了ＢＴＢ反应和生长速度测定,在ＹＭＡ培养基上产酸快生型占９７．４％．选用了其中５０株,以快生型苜蓿根瘤菌（Ｒ．ｍｅｌｉｌｏｔｉ）和豌豆根瘤菌（Ｒ．ｌｅｇｕｍｉｎｏｓａｒｕｍ）各３株为ＣＫ,进行了其它生理生化鉴定．结果表明,５６株参试菌株均不产生３－酮基乳糖．山西分离的菌株能在蛋白胨肉汤上生长的１３株;能利用柠檬酸盐的７株;石蕊牛奶反应,产酸的１２株,其中酸凝的８株,产碱的３０株,其中胨化的１１株,石蕊还原的７株．唯一碳源和氮源利用比ＣＫ更广泛．对温度的适应范围宽．比ＣＫ有更强的耐盐、耐碱和对抗菌素的耐受能力