生物源挥发性有机化合物排放及其在空气质量模式的应用研究

综述了近30年来国内外关于生物源挥发性有机化合物（ BVOCs ）排放及其应用的研究进展,包括BVOCs排放的化学组成、影响排放的主要环境因素和排放模式的建立及其应用等。重点探讨BVOCs排放在空气质量模拟应用中的重要性,提出一些值得注意的关键点。最后从BVOCs排放模式机理、基础数据和大气化学输送模式对BVOCs排放处理等方向进行了展望。     

Air pollution and liver cancer: A systematic review

Air pollution has previously been linked to several adverse health outcomes, but the potential association between air pollution and liver cancer remains unclear. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science from inception to 10 October 2021, and manually reviewed the references of relevant papers to further identify any related literature investigating possible associations between air pollution and liver cancer. Risk estimates values were represented by statistical associations based on quantitative analyses. A total of 13 cohort studies obtained from 11 articles were included, with 10,961,717 participants. PM_2.5 was the most frequently examined pollutant (included in 11 studies), followed by NO₂ and NO_x (included in 6 studies), and fewer studies focused on other pollutants (PM_{2.5 absorbance}, PM₁₀, PM_2.5–10, O₃, and BC). In all the 16 associations for liver cancer mortality, 14 associations reported the effect of PM_2.5 on liver cancer mortality. Eight associations on PM_2.5 were significant, showing a suggestive association between PM_2.5 and liver cancer mortality. Among 24 associations shown by risk estimates for liver cancer incidence, most associations were not statistically significant. For other air pollutants, no positive associations were presented in these studies. PM_2.5 was the most frequently examined pollutant, followed by NO₂ and NO_x, and fewer studies focused on other pollutants. PM_2.5 was associated with liver cancer mortality, but there was no association for other air pollutants. Future research should use advanced statistical methods to further assess the impact of multiple air pollutants on liver cancer in the changing socio-environmental context.     

美国超级基金5年回顾政策对我国污染场地风险管理的启示

通过简要概述美国超级基金5年回顾政策的形成与发展、执行约束力、实施内容,分析其实施过程中面临的问题,从环境立法、强化后期风险管理、完善污染场地风险管理链条、公开修复治理信息和提高社会公众参与度等角度,为解决我国因多样性修复技术实施导致的污染场地修复后风险难题提供可借鉴的重要经验,以期为构建适宜我国国情的污染场地修复长期风险管理和污染控制制度提供理论依据,实现污染场地修复后的安全再利用。     

降雨、地形对非点源污染产输影响机理综述

随着工业点源的逐步控制,非点源因其来源多样、涉及范围广、控制难度大,已成为影响水环境质量的主要污染源。非点源污染产输机理是开展定量研究、模型模拟及污染治理的基础,也是非点源污染研究领域的重点和难点。降雨是非点源污染产输的直接驱动力,地形是影响非点源污染产输的重要因素,两者对非点源污染的产输均具有重要影响。对国内外在降雨、地形对非点源污染产输影响机理方面的研究进行综述,以期为非点源污染相关研究提供参考和借鉴。     

汞矿区土壤汞的影响因素及修复技术进展

以贵州万山汞矿区为例,对汞矿开采冶炼活动所产生的土壤环境污染状况进行了介绍,并综述了影响土壤中汞迁移转化的基本因素,最后论述了最近几年汞污染土壤修复技术的研究成果,以及修复技术实施的建议。     

绿色建材的研究与发展综述

总结了绿色建材的基本概念与评价方法,介绍了绿色混凝土、绿色墙体材料、绿色涂料、相变储能建筑材料,认为绿色建材和绿色建筑技术将成为未来建筑行业的主要研究方向之一,今后我国绿色建材发展的主要前提首先是提高政府、设计人员的环保意识,其次要健全评价体系。     

微囊藻毒素微生物降解途径与分子机制研究进展

随着大量含氮和磷的废水流入湖泊和江河,导致淡水蓝藻水华污染现象日趋严重.蓝藻水华污染的最主要危害是产生和释放以微囊藻毒素(microcystins,MCs)为主的多种藻毒素.由于MCs对动植物具有很强的毒性,且其在水体中很难被传统的处理方法有效去除,因此如何有效控制蓝藻水华污染和去除MCs是摆在中外环境科学领域的一个难题.针对MCs的结构与毒性、降解菌株、酶催化降解、降解基因和生物降解途径与分子机制的研究进展进行了综述,并对今后微生物降解MCs的研究方向进行了展望,以期为解决我国日益严峻的湖库水体MCs污染和饮用水安全问题提供参考.     

Biological Air Quality Monitoring: a Review

Air quality monitoring is currently ensured by captors measuring few physicochemical parameters, then they cannot evaluate unforeseen compounds and the interaction effects of pollutants. On the contrary, the use of bioindicators can answer these problems. Among them, plants are used in two ways:1) Passive bioindicators: trees, lichens and mosses are used to determine the distribution and even the contaminants long-term effects on vast zones and, possibly, the concentrations of pollutants to which they were exposed.2) Active bioindicators: tobacco and mosses make available the defective zones in plants and enable determination of deposition fluxes.Moreover, techniques based on biomarkers identification should increase the answer's sensitivity. However, the plants present the disadvantage of being unable to provide a response in a time lapse comparable with that of the on-line analysers. Lastly, the development of tools using animal cells should allow, in the near future, to measure the total polluting load under conditions close to those of the routine techniques. Then, the real impact of the contaminant on public health could be approached.     

Review Study on Main Models of Market Integration

With the endless strengthening of the economic globalization trend, the world market gradually steps into a new turn of the market integration period. Market integration in China is always the key study field of academic communities, but it is developed late, whatever content system or methodology shall be greatly improved as expected. This paper aims at summarizing and reviewing the study on the content system and main demonstrations of market integration in order to provide theoretical guide and methodological basis for related studies.     

浅析内部审核与管理评审在海洋环境监测质量管理中的应用

计量认证质量管理体系在海洋环境监测质量"过程性"管理中是否得以有效发挥,取决于质量管理体系中的两个活力因子即内部审核和管理评审活动的有效开展.通过分析内部审核和管理评审基本内涵及其在质量管理体系中的重要作用的基础上,探讨在现阶段海洋环境监测质量管理中如何有效实施内部审核和管理评审活动;并特别指出实验室高层管理者对内部审核和管理评审活动的重要性认识和领导方式方法以及内部审核和管理评审活动结果的后续工作处理等问题,应引起注意.