离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐对斜生栅藻的毒性效应

按照毒性试验标准方法研究了不同浓度离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐([BMIM]Cl)对斜生栅藻的影响,测定了半数抑制浓度(IC50)、叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性以及藻细胞通透性的变化,观察了80mg/L[BMIM]Cl处理96h对藻细胞的影响.结果表明:[BMIM]Cl对斜生栅藻生长具有抑制作用,随着浓度的增大抑制率增加,叶绿素含量下降, 48h IC50、72h IC50和96h IC50分别为103.77、76.44和68.49mg/L.藻细胞对[BMIM]Cl有一定的氧化应激反应,CAT和SOD活性随[BMIM]Cl浓度升高而降低.[BMIM]Cl对藻细胞的细胞膜有一定程度的破坏作用,藻细胞通透性随浓度升高而增大,同时藻细胞的超微结构受到了[BMIM]Cl的影响,造成质壁分离,叶绿体片层断裂,线粒体嵴数量减少.     

铬盐行业清洁生产审核探讨

铬盐行业是我国重点整治的高污染行业,推行清洁生产势在必行。文章结合实例,对铬盐行业清洁生产审核进行探讨。污染负荷最高的焙烧车间是重点审核对象;评估过程产生7个中/高费方案,综合筛选出6个可行方案,已实施或正在实施的"少钙焙烧"等6个方案使企业主要污染物铬渣排放量削减达40%,焙烧窑含铬粉尘无组织排放量减少约10%,原辅料及能源消耗均有一定程度降低。对铬盐行业清洁生产审核的探讨为铬盐企业推行清洁生产提供了范例,有利于铬盐行业的可持续发展。     

影响北京地区土壤元素背景值的因素分析

用主成份分析研究了影响北京地区土壤元素背景值的主要因素。分析结果表明,影响土壤元素背景值的主要因素,在平原地区是地貌条件,在山区是成土母质。     

鲁西平原微咸水资源的开发意义

鲁西平原处于黄泛平原的尾闾地段,常受旱涝盐咸多种危害。本文分析了浅层微咸水的形成、水质及动态特征,对水质、水量进行了评价,探讨了开发利用微咸水的可能性及灌溉效益。农业上开采浅层微咸水,无疑对扩大地下水资源及促进鲁西平原水、土环境的良性循环有重大意义。     

高含水率垃圾与污泥混合堆肥实验研究

采用好氧堆肥工艺处理高含水率城市生活垃圾和脱水污泥。高含水率垃圾(含水率≥65%)经过一段时间静置预处理,含水率降至55%左右,破碎筛分,取筛下物和脱水污泥进行好氧堆肥。结果显示预处理垃圾和污泥在质量比1～3之间时,堆肥过程可以达到卫生化和稳定化的处理要求,质量比为1时升温速度快,堆肥周期短,有较好的堆肥效果;回用部分处理后堆肥可以大大缩短堆肥启动时间。     

废弃印刷线路板熔融盐气化特性:Ⅱ气化反应动力学模型

为评价不同气化方案对印刷线路板熔融盐气化的影响,针对印刷线路板的熔融盐气化反应过程建立了反应动力学模型.模型计算结果表明,气化反应体系首先发生CO、H2和焦炭的氧化反应.生成较大量的CO2和H2O2,此后反应体系内CO2和HO2与焦炭进行氧化还原反应而逐渐减少,在参加反应的焦炭被消耗完全后,反应体系随着水气变换可逆反应的平衡而达到平衡.     

城市街道空气中铅污染及其对机体无机盐影响的研究

本文对兰州市不同交通路口铅污染现场监测及交警人群健康体检,结果表明各路口受汽车尾气污染严重,铅浓度在１．１６～２．６４μｇ／ｍ３之间。将１２０名交警分外勤警７０人作为污染组,内勤警及户藉警５０人作为对照组,调查结果尿中δ－氨基乙酰丙酸两组比较没有统计学差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）;污染组发铅、尿铅浓度均显著高于对照组,发锌、铜、钙及血中ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ均低于对照组,并具有统计学差异（Ｐ＜０．０５,Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示街道空气铅污染对交警体内无机盐水平及机体免疫能力具有一定的影响。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定海河下游水中痕量镉

原子吸收光谱法直接测定高盐水中痕量镉时,有很大背景吸收和误差。本文采用络合—萃取技术使共存元素与待测元素分离,既消除了基体干扰,又达到了富集作用,使测定结果准确可靠。     

Characterization of the Songhua River sediments and evaluation of their adsorption behavior for nitrobenzene

The explosion at a plant of the Jilin Petrochemical Corporation on 13 November,2005,and the spill of an estimated 100 t of toxic substances (nitrobenzene as the main component) into the Songhua River received worldwide attention.This study has focused on the adsorption behavior of nitrobenzene that spilled onto sediments along the Songhua River,which was one of the efforts to evaluate the fate of nitrobenzene after the spillage event.The organic carbon contents of these sediments along the Songhua River ...     

Provincial development plans in Zimbabwe: an analysis of their content,structure and methodology

Zimbabwean provincial plans were instituted to help in the achievement of the national goal of the creation of an egalitarian, socialist and integrated society. The national goal itself was adopted as an antithesis to the dualist society characterised by spatial, economic, social, politican and technological inequalities that Zimbabwe inherited from colonialism. This meant that provincial plans had to play both a functional (or growth allocating/distribution) and a territorial (or redistribution) role.

This paper reviews their role in achieving the national goal by examining their functions, content, structure and methodology. The paper concludes that because of their nature, provincial plans are not suitable tools for the achievement of the national goal.