The challenges of participatory and systemic environmental management: from aspiration to implementation

Participatory and systemic approaches in environmental management are advocated as they are thought to lead to more equitable, resilient and integrated solutions. However, there is mounting evidence that, in practice, these approaches are exceedingly challenging and do not always lead to improved environmental management, or greater community engagement. To better understand the challenges facing organisations wishing to use these approaches, we monitored the dynamics of a decision-making process on an estate. We observed an oscillating pattern of widening and narrowing participation and integration. Three key factors created tensions with the estate's desires to increase community participation and follow a more systemic approach: stewardship values, organisational capacity and unresolved core issues. A combination of these tensions and other factors led to the early cessation of a series of planned participatory workshops. We conclude that academia needs to take these challenges seriously by placing greater emphasis on multi-dimensional, transdisciplinary analysis of such transformation processes.     

折点氯化法处理高NH3-N含钴废水试验与工程实践

高NH3-N化学冶金废水是一种难处理废水。针对该类废水NH3-N高,含盐量高,难以生化处理的特征,首先对应用折点氯化法处理该类废水进行了实验室小试研究,根据试验结果进行了工程实践,出水达到了国家二级标准要求,并对工程实践中需注意的问题进行了总结。     

关于中国社会化环境监测机构监管的调研与建议

调查了中国约50%的省级环保部门针对社会化监测机构的监管实践,研究了英、美等7个国际认可组织在实验室认可过程中针对环境监测的管理措施与经验。在此基础上,分析了中国现有监管体制存在的问题,探索引入实验室认可等监督途径,有针对性地补充和完善现有环境监测机构管理体系,将有助于引导社会力量广泛参与环境监测,规范社会环境监测机构行为,促进环境监测服务社会化良性发展。     

宏观生态环境动态监测实践--以内蒙古敖汉旗为例

从70年代后期开始,敖汉旗政府和人民开展以植树造林为主的生态环境建设措施,到90年代生态环境已得到明显改善.文章利用RS、GIS技术结合当地政府的统计资料和实测资料分析了生态环境的变化和当地政府建设生态环境的成功经验.     

重大疫情衍生社会恐慌链式灾害应急策略研究——基于COVID-19疫情的SD分析

重大疫情传染的负外部性在严重损害公众健康的同时衍生社会恐慌,这是保障人民生命安全和社会稳定的国家治理现代化背景下,一个新风险源和应急管理难题.基于灾害链视角,运用系统动力学(SD)方法对经典的传染病SIR模型进行升级与转化,构建一个同时包含疫情动态传播及其衍生社会恐慌的链式灾害应急系统模型,以COVID-19疫情为例进...     

A Property Rights Approach to Understanding Human Displacement from Protected Areas: the Case of Marine Protected Areas

Abstract:  The physical, economic, and sociocultural displacement of local peoples from protected areas generates intense discussion among scholars and policy makers. To foster greater precision and clarity in these discussions, we used a conceptual framework from the political economy literature to examine different forms of human displacement from protected areas. Using marine protected areas (MPAs) to ground our analysis, we characterized the 5 types of property rights that are reallocated (lost, secured, and gained) through the establishment of protected areas. All forms of MPA "displacement" involve reallocation of property rights, but the specific types and bundles of rights lost, secured, and gained dramatically shape the magnitude, extent, and equity of MPA impacts—positive and negative—on governance, economic well-being, health, education, social capital, and culture. The impacts of reallocating rights to MPA resources vary within and among social groups, inducing changes in society, in patterns of resource use, and in the environment. To create more environmentally sustainable and socially just conservation practice, a critical next step in conservation social science research is to document and explain variation in the social impacts of protected areas.     

加强中学生环境保护知识教育在教学中的实践

日趋严重的环境问题已成为世界性的问题,环境污染与人类生存、社会的发展和进步出现了尖锐的矛盾,已引起世界各国政府的高度关注。要解决环境问题,必须从教育入手,特别是在中小学中加强环境教育。怎样对学生进行环境教育呢？本文从三个方面进行了探讨,一是以讲座形式对学生进行环境教育;二是组织学生进行课外活动或参观;三是请有关专家对学生进行专题报告。学生通过这些活动可了解到化学物质对环境污染所造成的严重后果,了解到环境问题是和每个人息息相关的,保护环境是每个人义不容辞的责任,这将使中学化学教育在加强环境保护教育中起到应有的作用。     

去除污泥中重金属铬的生物淋滤反应器设计与应用

用微生物方法去除污泥中重金属(生物淋滤法)是近年来发展的新技术,探索工程化的条件有重要的应用价值。设计了一套容积为1 m3的生物淋滤反应器,由生物淋滤池、搅拌器、曝气器和空气压缩机等构成。其中,搅拌叶轮由平叶桨和斜叶桨组合而成。利用制革污泥进行了半连续的生物淋滤试验,结果表明,在反应器中污泥与菌体和营养物质能充分混匀,经过2~5 d的处理,污泥pH持续下降到2.0以下,污泥中铬的溶出率达90%~99.5%。     

Pondering over Several Problems in Disaster Research

1Catastrophology is an extremely importantnatural- social science.Health and longevity are the common wishes of humanity,and peace and progress are thecommon goals of society.Calamities,either natural or human,are harmful to the health andlongevity of human beings,bring about economic damages and impede the prosperity andprogress of human society. The phylogeny of human society is indeed a chronicle of struggleswith various disasters.To date,the study of disasters and hazards has developed int…     

From Policy to Practice: Challenges in Infant Feeding in Emergencies During the Balkan Crisis

The preparation and dissemination of policy statements are necessary but insufficient to prevent the inappropriate use of infant-feeding products in emergencies. The widespread failure of humanitarian agencies operating in the Balkan crisis to act in accordance with international policies and recommendations provides a recent example of the failure to translate infant-feeding policies into practice. This article explores the underlying reasons behind the failures which include: (1) the weak institutionalisation of policies; (2) the massive quantities of unsolicited donations of infant-feeding products: (3) the absence of monitoring systems; (4) inadequate co-ordination mechanisms; (5) the high costs of correcting mistakes; and (6) the cumulative effects of poor practice. Efforts to uphold best practice during the crisis are also documented. Finally, the article identifies actions that could be undertaken in advance of and during future emergencies to enhance the application of infant feeding policies in emergencies.