新时期科普期刊在防灾减灾工作中的作用——以《城市与减灾》期刊为例

对科普期刊在防灾减灾工作中的作用及重要性进行了阐述,并结合《城市与减灾》综合科普双月刊14年的办刊实践,总结了科普期刊的基本工作思路和方法.重点对今后如何进一步提高防灾减灾期刊编辑的质量进行了思考;认为办好防灾减灾期刊不仅是科普工作者的责任,而且是科技工作者的共同责任.优质服务是办刊的立足之本;期刊应走跨媒介的创新之路;按照文化产业的思路做大做强防灾减灾期刊.     

环境约束下的中国工业效率地区差异评价

为了对中国各地区工业进行环境约束下的效率评价,采用超效率DEA方法,利用2005~2009年各地区工业的面板数据,对31个省市的工业进行了环境约束下的效率测算,揭示了中国工业效率的总体发展情况及各地区间的差异。在进行超效率DEA评价的过程中,利用工业环境影响的社会支付意愿代表环境投入,弥补了过去研究中在处理非期望产出问题上的不足,并通过比较不同模型的评价结果,反映了环境问题对各地区工业的效率影响程度上的差异。根据效率评价结果,利用投影寻踪方法加权评分,反映了各地区工业效率的综合状况,从区域情况来看呈现东部优于中部与西部,而中部优于西部的态势。最后,根据效率评价结果,对各区域中的特殊省份进行了简要的分析,并提出了各地区工业的效率改进建议     

地震预警系统应用的社会影响调查与分析

地震预警系统建设是降低地震灾害的一个重要途径,可以有效地减少人员伤亡和财产损失,但地震预警系统目前还处于发展阶段,应用中存在一定风险。设计了若干个关于地震预警系统应用的社会调查问卷,以通过调查结果定性地评估地震预警系统产生的社会影响,统计公众对预警系统的认识和需求,分析预警信息发布对公众的影响和公众对地震漏报、误报等风险的接受程度,以及地震预警系统相关的法律问题。调查结果显示,我国公众对地震预警系统的期望程度及有效性评价均很高,但也存在着一些问题,如对地震预警相关知识了解较少,对紧急事件应变能力较差,对预警盲区和漏报等风险接受程度较低等。最后,结合国外地震预警系统的研究成果和应用现状,提出了相关建议及应对措施,希望能对我国预警系统的建设提供参考作用。     

高职经济类专业校内实训基地建设的改革探索

针对高职院校经济类专业校内实训基地建设中存在的基地建设欠缺、设施建设不完善和规划不合理等问题,经济类专业校内实训基地建设应该采取寻求社会支持、构建新型实践教学体系等措施,以提高整体实践教学水平,达到高职院校经济类专业能够重点培养学生职业能力的效果。     

固体废物处理与处置课程创新实践教学体系研究

实践教学是固体废物处理与处置课程的重要环节,涉及实验、实习、课程设计、毕业论文(设计)等内容,在促进学生将所学专业知识融会贯通、培养学生的创新思维和提高学生实践技能等方面都起着非常重要的作用。在总结固体废物处理与处置课程实践教学现状基础上,论述了固体废物处理与处置课程创新实践教学体系的构建原则、构成要素和建立建议。     

现阶段我国收入分配格局探析

现阶段我国居民收入分配差距的扩大在近年来越来越严重,这不仅表现在城乡居民间,还表现在不同行业之间、不同地域之间等各个方面。从上述三个方面出发,对现阶段我国居民收入分配格局进行了初步分析,并从非均衡经济、经济体制、税收制度和公共服务角度分析了造成差距的原因,提出了深化收入分配制度改革等相关对策建议,对如何缩小收入分配差距,改善现状具有参考意义。     

Impact of Soil Management and Two Botanical Insecticides on Urease and Invertase Activity

Yard waste compost provides an organic amendment useful for improving soil structure and nutrient status. The activities of the enzymes hydrolyzing urea (urease) and sucrose (invertase) in the rhizosphere of potato plants were determined under field conditions. Soil urease and invertase activities were monitored in compost amended soil, grass buffer strips, and in adjacent bare soils during 35 d following soil treatment. Soil urease activity was increased by application of yard waste compost compared to untreated soil which provide evidence of increased soil microbial population following application of compost. Some transitional effects on urease activities were observed following Pyrethrins and Neemix‐4E application, these effects were neither drastic nor prolonged enough to be considered deleterious to the soil microorganisms and their activities important to soil fertility. No relationship was found between invertase activity and the three management practices or soil organic matter content. It is suggested that application of botanical insecticides like pyrethrins and Neemix‐4E may be useful in delaying urea fertilizer mineralization to maintain N in a form less leachable, so that the duration of N availability to plants is prolonged. The present study may also provide information on urease activity as a sensitive bioindicator of soil quality that reflects the effects of land management on soil quality and may assist land managers in monitoring long‐term productivity and sustainability of agricultural lands.     

Economic,social and environmental dimension of sustainable competitiveness of European countries

Over the last decade, promotion of competitiveness represents one of the central goals of economic policy of most of the countries. Moreover, in recent years, the promotion of competitiveness has been seen as a way of achieving desirable changes in economy and society. While there is no unity of views in the theory regarding the conceptual definition of the phenomenon of competitiveness, it is becoming less arguable that in strictly economic terms, competitiveness is a synonym for productivity. However, it should be noted that productivity growth that is accompanied by increasing social imbalance (for example, inequality in income distribution), on the one hand, and environmental pollution, on the other hand, cannot be a guarantee of improving the competitiveness of countries in the long run. Acknowledging precisely this fact and using the data from World Economic Forum on Global Competitiveness 2013, this paper elaborates on the phenomenon of sustainable competitiveness and tests the hypothesis about the positive impact of its social and environmental dimension on the economic dimension of sustainable competitiveness that is represented by the value of the Global Competitiveness Index. The survey of 34 countries confirmed the indisputable positive impact of the social dimension of sustainability, but also variable direction of the impact of the environmental dimension of sustainability (depending on the level of GDP per capita) on the economic dimension of sustainable competitiveness of European countries in 2013.     

中小民营企业安全管理内在动力激发的策略研究

依据安全管理学相关知识,分析中小民营企业安全管理的现状;指出中小民营企业安全管理的内部动力,即经济利益、自我实现、品牌形象及社会责任四种动力,提出中小民营企业应克服传统观念,树立"以人为本"的安全生产管理新理念,发挥内在动力,克服安全管理阻力,建立起中小民营企业安全管理内在动力策略和长效机制,形成一种创新的安全管理力量源泉,以达到安全生产的目的。     

对环境影响评价制度中引入社会影响评价机制的探讨

中国环境影响评价制度历经30年之完善发展,已成为构建和谐社会不可或缺之法律制度。然而近年来开发活动中由环境问题引发的诸多社会问题,暴露出环评对社会因素考虑之不足。本文在分析社会影响评价对环评辅助作用的基础上,提出在环境影响评价制度中引入社会影响评价机制的政策建议。并借鉴国外经验,进一步提出完善公众参与,为社会影响评价立法,制定相关规范、标准的构想。从技术层面,着重探讨了社会影响评价程序、方法和指标体系等。