Mobilizing Facebook Users against Facebook's Energy Policy: The Case of Greenpeace Unfriend Coal Campaign

This research analyzes Greenpeace International Unfriend Coal protest campaign against Facebook's energy policy (2010–2011), as a case study in the organization's approach to campaigning on climate change issues. In the context of Greenpeace protest history and social movement research, we focus on the online mobilization tactics used by Greenpeace, and how they differed from previous campaign practices. The findings are based on a content analysis of all statuses posted on the campaign Facebook page (N = 119), and six semi-structured interviews with key Greenpeace personnel. The analysis reveals that Greenpeace used Facebook extensively both for disseminating information and context about the campaign, and as a platform for mobilizing and facilitating broad public engagement. Greenpeace seized the affordances of the Facebook platform and introduced new means of online mobilization and engagement. These e-tactics proved effective for engaging diverse transnational supporters in the campaign. The implications for environmental non-governmental organizations and the broader environmental movement are discussed.     

论科技档案在环境科技管理中的作用

环境保护任务越来越艰巨,环境科技工作显得尤为重要。现有环境管理与技术手段已凸显不足,解决当前环境问题的根本出路是要靠科技的进步。环境科技档案是一种技术资源,是为经济建设服务的,是环境科学技术发展水平的重要标志。环境科技档案不仅具有科技资料所共有的参考借鉴价值,还具有依据和凭证作用。从事任何一项环境科学技术活动,都需要科技档案作为依据和条件。     

社会经济发展对鞍山市环境质量影响分析

鞍山市作为中国的老工业基地,历史遗留环境问题较多,在新的历史条件下也面临着经济发展和环境保护双重问题。文章结合“十一五”期间鞍山市经济发展和环境质量状况,分析了鞍山市城市调整和社会发展等4个方面取得的环保成果,同时也客观分析了面临的环保问题,希望能对鞍山市“十二五”社会经济发展和环境保护提供参考性的建议。     

江苏省社会环境检测机构业务登记及监管系统设计与应用研究

以江苏省社会环境检测机构监管工作为基础,介绍了社会环境检测机构业务登记及监管系统的设计思路,并对系统应用后所登记的环境检测机构、人员、业务等情况进行分析,总结监管过程中发现的问题,对系统的二次开发和功能扩展提出了设想及建议,目的在于使该系统功能更加完善和适用,进一步提升社会环境检测机构监管能力水平.     

湖泊健康评价指标体系及评价方法初探

湖泊健康评价是进行湖泊监测和管理的基础。丰富了湖泊生态系统健康的概念,指出其应当考虑湖泊的各种服务功能。以湖泊生态系统健康概念为基础,构建了湖泊健康评价指标体系,给出16个综合评价指标及各指标评分方法。以四川大学明远湖为例,采用层次分析法（AHP）计算各指标权重,对其进行健康评价,得出健康综合指数为3.55,表明整个湖泊处于＂较健康＂状态,分析了影响湖泊健康状态的疾病因子及湖泊的生态修复方法。     

Incorporating Social Context Variables Into Paired Watershed Designs to Test Nonpoint Source Program Effectiveness1

Prokopy, Linda Stalker, Z. Asligül Göçmen, Jing Gao, Shorna Broussard Allred, Joseph E. Bonnell, Kenneth Genskow, Alicia Molloy, and Rebecca Power, 2011. Incorporating Social Context Variables Into Paired Watershed Designs to Test Nonpoint Source Program Effectiveness. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 47(1):196‐202. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2010.00508.x Abstract: In a traditional paired watershed study, watersheds are selected to be as similar as possible so that conclusions may be drawn about the performance of Best Management Practices. We have extended the paired watershed concept to examine the effectiveness of watershed management programs by adding comparative criteria for social characteristics. For four different 8 or 11/12 digit hydrologic unit code (HUC) watersheds in the Midwest, we have piloted a systematic method for selecting paired subwatersheds. First, we developed a list of 11 key variables. Next, a factor analysis was conducted to determine the underlying structure of the 11 input variables. Finally, in each of the four watersheds, potential paired subwatersheds (all 14 digit HUCs) were selected using the factors in a cluster analysis. Informal interviews were then held with key informants in each watershed to provide qualitative assessments of criteria that could impact the comparability of the subwatersheds. This method for selecting paired watersheds should be helpful for other researchers to test the effectiveness of watershed management programs focused on behavior change.     

安全科学的体系架构与学科交叉

安全科学是研究人类安全活动规律及其应用的一门大综合性交叉学科,其主要研究是怎样才算安全和怎样才能安全。安全学科与其存在领域的学科交叉,产生了交叉科学学科,既不能归属于自然科学学科,也不能归属于社会科学学科,既不属于纵向科学学科,又不属于横向科学学科。安全科学学科因无本身的专属领域,必需从科学内涵与发展趋势、安全科学学科的诞生、研究对象、体系构架及与其他学科交叉关系等学科的本质属性（即基本特征）上研究分析,对安全科学进行纵向科学分类和横向理论分层,提出了包括8个分支学科及其4个理论层次的安全科学学科体系构架。证明了其不可替代性,且是一门由自然科学、社会科学和技术科学交叉的科学学科,同数学、自然学科、系统学科、哲学、社会学科、思维学科等都有密切的联系。     

定量风险评价在炼化一体化项目中的应用

本文阐述了定量风险评价的指标、模型和一般程序,给出了定量风险评价的标准,采用定量风险评价的方法对某企业规划建设的炼化一体化项目进行个人风险和社会风险水平计算。个人风险计算结果表明,该炼化一体化项目所在厂区内没有出现1×10-3的风险等值线,1×10-4、1×10-5和1×10-6的风险等值线也没有超出厂区边界,说明该炼化一体化项目厂区内部和周边人员所面临的个人风险是可以接受的。社会风险计算结果表明,该炼化一体化项目的社会风险曲线处在可容许区范围内,没有进入不可容许区和ALARP区,说明该项目的社会风险也是可以接受的。本文采用的定量风险评价方法可为规划或已建炼化一体化项目进行风险水平评估提供必要的参考依据。     

Soil organic matter dynamics in Portuguese natural and sown rainfed grasslands

Soil organic matter (SOM) is a particularly important parameter in soil management, especially in mineral soils in Mediterranean and semi-arid countries where its concentration is low. In these conditions, increasing SOM concentration has several agronomic and environmental benefits, ranging from increase in water holding capacity to soil protection and carbon sequestration. We develop a model to express the short-term trend of SOM increase in grasslands as the balance between input and mineralization. This model is calibrated using five years of soil analyses from eight locations. In each location there were either two or three plots with the different grassland systems considered: sown biodiverse permanent pastures rich in legumes (SBPPRLs), fertilized natural grasslands (FNGs), and (un-improved) natural grasslands (NGs). SBPPRL are a new system consisting in the use of plant biodiversity to increase pasture productivity and resilience. So far, they exist mostly in Portugal.We use statistical calibration to adjust an asymptotic curve to the data and obtain the model parameters. Under the assumption of equal mineralization rates across grassland systems, we find that the expected steady-state long term SOM concentration in undisturbed SBPPRL is higher than in NG and FNG. Fertilization does not significantly increase SOM input, and so the trend in SOM is equal for NG and FNG. In 10 years, there is an average increase of 0.21 percentage points per year in SBPPRL. In turn, SOM increases in FNG and NG are 0.08 percentage points per year.     

中国近代灾荒史理论探析

中国近代灾荒史是中国灾荒史的断代史.中国近代灾荒史作为一个研究的有机系统,是由灾害、灾荒、灾因、灾荒社会问题、灾荒救治等子系统组成,各系统又有自己的组成要素,这些架构了中国近代灾荒史的学科体系.中国近代灾荒史与灾害学、社会学、经济史、政治军事史、外交史之间有密切的关系,深入研究中国近代灾荒史,加强灾荒史教育,对今天防灾...