石油类污染物在包气带中的迁移预测——以兰州西固商业石油储备库为例

包气带在地表石油类污染物下渗到地下水的过程中扮演着重要角色,同时包气带受到污染必然会对周围环境,特别是植物的生长造成影响,从而影响人类自身。主要使用HYDRUS软件预测了兰州西固商业石油储备库的渗漏对包气带的影响,分正常工作状况和非正常工作状况两种情况。在正常工作状况下,从5000天到10000天,污染物浓度呈线性增加,到50年左右,包气带底部(下边界)污染物浓度接近0.1mg/cm3。在非正常工作状况下,包气带底部(下边界)浓度增加的速度要远远大于正常工作状况,到50年左右,包气带底部(下边界)浓度达0.5mg/cm3。预测结果可以为相应工作状况下饱和带的溶质迁移模型提供参考依据,对确定饱和带污染物的浓度具有重要的参考意义。     

河南省水环境自动监测网的设计与实现

设计了河南省水环境自动监测网的总体方案,经过充分的调查和专家反复论证,确定了水站、设备、通信网络以及软件的建设方案;重点从软件工程的角度研究了水质自动监测系统软件的设计,实现了基本信息查询和维护、水环境评价、水质报表输出等功能,实现了地表水水质监测日常事务处理和专业管理的自动化和科学化,提高了管理水平。     

Establishing Representative No-Take Areas in the Great Barrier Reef: Large-Scale Implementation of Theory on Marine Protected Areas

Abstract:  The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, an area almost the size of Japan, has a new network of no-take areas that significantly improves the protection of biodiversity. The new marine park zoning implements, in a quantitative manner, many of the theoretical design principles discussed in the literature. For example, the new network of no-take areas has at least 20% protection per "bioregion," minimum levels of protection for all known habitats and special or unique features, and minimum sizes for no-take areas of at least 10 or 20 km across at the smallest diameter. Overall, more than 33% of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park is now in no-take areas (previously 4.5%). The steps taken leading to this outcome were to clarify to the interested public why the existing level of protection was inadequate; detail the conservation objectives of establishing new no-take areas; work with relevant and independent experts to define, and contribute to, the best scientific process to deliver on the objectives; describe the biodiversity (e.g., map bioregions); define operational principles needed to achieve the objectives; invite community input on all of the above; gather and layer the data gathered in round-table discussions; report the degree of achievement of principles for various options of no-take areas; and determine how to address negative impacts. Some of the key success factors in this case have global relevance and include focusing initial communication on the problem to be addressed; applying the precautionary principle; using independent experts; facilitating input to decision making; conducting extensive and participatory consultation; having an existing marine park that encompassed much of the ecosystem; having legislative power under federal law; developing high-level support; ensuring agency priority and ownership; and being able to address the issue of displaced fishers.     

CFD技术及其在水处理研究中的应用

简要介绍了CFD技术的基本数值方法和几种著名的商业软件的特征,并例述了在水处理设备研究中的应用,指出CFD技术作为一种强有力的科研手段,应引起广大水处理研究工作者的足够重视。     

VALIDATION OF A HYDROLOGIC MODEL FOR TRANSPORT OF CHEMICALS IN RIVERS1

ABSTRACT: Hydrologic Transport Assessment System (HYTRAS) is a software package that models contaminant transport in rivers and streams, including volatilization, adsorption/desorption, sedimentation, settling, and resuspension. Biodegradation, photolysis, and any other process that can be modeled using a first‐order decay constant can be included as well. HYTRAS originally modeled the transport of radionuclides and has recently been expanded to include transport of chemicals. The transport of chemicals has been validated using data from an accidental release of the chemicals disulfoton and thiometon into the Rhine River in 1986. For these chemicals, sorption is not an important process. For the range of measured flow velocities, HYTRAS was found to bound the peak arrival times. For the range of measured degradation rates, HYTRAS was found to bound the peak concentrations within 400 km of the source and bound the peak concentrations within a factor of two out to 700 km.     

建设项目环境影响评价软件EIA2000介绍 --气象联合频率的统计

本文详细介绍了建设项目环境影响评价软件EIA2 0 0 0中气象联合频率的统计方法及其统计程序。     

陶瓷窑炉内NOx生成的三维数值模拟

借助计算流体力学(CFD)FLUENT软件对NOx在陶瓷烧成过程中的生成机理进行了研究,并探讨了影响NOx生成的因素,为治理及减少NOx排放提供相关的参考.研究发现,随着升温速度的增大,窑内温度均匀性变差,易形成局部高温点(区),从而导致NOx生成速度的增大;燃料所产生的中间产物NH3或HCN浓度在远离烧嘴和料垛区域中较小,总NO和燃料型NO浓度却较大.不过,无论中间产物为NH3还是HCN,都不能减少有害气体的生成.     

处置突发事件通信电台终端数据传输软件设计

为确保处置抢险救灾、应急救援等突发性事件通信联络畅通，本文采用模块设计思想，结合32位ARM7TDMI（-S）（Advanced RISC Machines）单片机，完成了一种不同频率无线通信电台间串行数据信息交换控制的软件系统设计。实现了数据信息自动存储转发和最佳传输信道选择，接收端直接打印输出，可提高通信效率5-6倍。     

合肥台测震CTS-1系统处理软件

主要介绍了地震数据断记报警软件及其相关地震数据分类处理软件,此软件一方面保证了地震监测数据的连续性,另一方面使科研人员查询地震事件波形,迅速快捷,并可对典型地震事件和震相特征进行查看,提高对一些特殊地震震相的识别,从而也提高了地震的分析水平.     

基于Pathfinder的装配式建筑施工安全应急疏散研究*

为保障装配式建筑现场安全施工,提高紧急事件发生时现场施工人员安全疏散效率,利用Pathfinder软件进行建模,并结合人员体征、疏散速度和人员比例等进行仿真模拟,分析施工现场主体施工阶段预制构件、机械器具等物品堆放数量、位置规划和现场施工人员数量等因素对疏散时间影响。结果表明:装配式建筑现场施工人员疏散瓶颈区域为室内走廊和疏散楼梯口处;施工场地内物品堆放数量和位置规划对疏散时间影响较大;每层现场施工人员数量达到一定数值时,需采取限制措施。研究结果可为装配式建筑施工现场疏散通道合理规划和施工现场安全管理提供理论依据。