电网建设项目竣工环保验收的常见问题及解决方案

电网项目属于非污染型生态项目,具有该类型项目特有的影响因子单一、项目涉及范围广及环境敏感点分布不均等特点。该类项目竣工环保验收中存在6种主要问题,针对验收率、验收监测、公众参与等方面,通过制定规范、加强管理、落实环保治理措施等层面,给出了相对的解决方案。通过方案的实施,主要常见问题可得到解决或改善。     

由秦皇岛开发区第一次全国污染源普查谈污染源普查的质量保证

结合工业污染源普查的基层工作经历,分析污染源普查的特点和要求,对污染源普查的工作程序、工作方法等进行了探索性研究。针对实际工作中存在的问题提出解决方案,并在清查、普查环节提出了重点工作内容和工作方式的改进。     

铈锆固溶体负载LaCoO_3催化碳烟的性能和表征

用柠檬酸法制备了铈锆固溶体负载不同量LaCoO3的催化剂。用热重法测试了催化剂样品对碳烟的催化活性。采用程序升温还原法(H2-TPR)、BET、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)和X-射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对催化剂进行了测试。结果表明,铈锆固溶体表面形成了稳定的LaCoO3钙钛矿相结构;负载量为30%LaCoO3的催化剂具有最高的催化活性,起燃温度降到530℃;催化剂的催化活性与催化剂还原峰强度以及催化剂表面氧物种OII的含量紧密相关。     

An analytical solution to contaminant diffusion in semi-infinite clayey soils with piecewise linear adsorption

The adsorption of contaminants onto soil particles typically is nonlinear if the contaminant concentration is sufficiently high. A simplified piecewise linear adsorption isotherm consistent with experimental results is proposed as an approximation for nonlinear adsorption behavior. This approximation allows for the use of analytical solution to model solute diffusion of contaminants that exhibit nonlinear adsorption. A moving boundary is introduced to represent significant changes in the retardation factor of clay with an increase in solute concentration. The proposed analytical solutions were validated using experimental data presented in the literature. There is negligible difference between the results obtained by the proposed analytical solution and those obtained by the linear model when C_m/C₀ reached 0.5. The results also show that the model based on linear adsorption using the initial secant of the Freundlich isotherm leads to significantly lower estimated breakthrough time for the contaminant of interest than that obtained using the proposed model. The earlier breakthrough is due to an under-estimation of the amount of adsorption. The proposed method is relatively simple to apply and can be used for evaluating experimental results and verifying more complex numerical models.     

膜基活化溶液中活化剂在回收温室气体CO2过程中的作用

将AMP和PZ作为活化剂添加于MDEA溶液中,形成活化溶液,研究了膜基活化溶液回收温室气体CO₂性能,着重考察活化剂的活化作用和对膜接触器传质加强的影响,提出一个活化机理来解释活化现象,建立了阻力层方程模型, 并模拟膜基活化溶液回收CO₂的传质过程。结果表明,活化剂对膜接触器传质的加强起到重要作用,具有双氨基环状结构的PZ对传质的加强作用高于具有空间位阻结构的AMP;活化溶液的CO2回收率和传质通量明显高于未活化的MDEA溶液,活化性能PZ＞AMP;活化剂的活化效应与分子结构有关;流体力学的改变对传质的影响有限,活化剂的反应动力学对传质的加强起主导作用;阻力层方程模型能较好地模拟膜基活化溶液回收CO₂传质过程,传质通量和总传质系数的模型值与实验值符合较好。     

废水资源化的问题与出路

从可持续发展的观点出发 ,废水经适当处理可作为资源加以利用 ,废水资源化对缓解水危机和实现水资源的可持续利用有很重要的意义。基于此 ,本文总结了国内外废水资源化的现状 ,结合实例分析了废水资源化中存在的问题 ,并提出了相应的解决措施     

Removal of cadmium using MnO2 loaded D301 resin

MnO2 loaded weak basic anion exchange resin D301 （Anion exchange resin, macroreticular weak basic styrene） as adsorbent has been prepared and applied to the removal of cadmium. The adsorption characteristics have been investigated with respect to effect of pH, equilibrium isotherms, removal kinetic data, and interference of the coexisting ions. The results indicated that the Cd^2＋ could be efficiently removed using MnO2 loaded D301 resin in the pH range of 3-8 from aqueous solutions with the co-existence of high concentration of alkali and alkaline-earth metals ions. The saturate adsorption capacity of the Cd^2＋ was 77.88 mg/g. The adsorption process followed the pseudo first-order kinetics. The equilibrium data obtained in this study accorded excellently with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm.     

A joint climate and nature cure: A transformative change perspective

Climate change has considerably dominated science-policy dialogue, public debate, and subsequently environmental policies since the three “Rio Conventions” were born. This has led to practically independent courses of action of climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation actions, neglecting potential conflicts among outcomes and with missed opportunities for synergistic measures. Transformative governance principles have been proposed to overcome these limitations. Using a transformative governance lens, we use the case of the Norwegian "Climate Cure 2030" for the Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector to, first, illustrate the mechanisms that have led to the choice of climate mitigation measures; second, to analyze the potential consequences of these measures on biodiversity and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions; and, third, to evaluate alternative measures with potential positive outcomes for biodiversity and GHG emissions/removals. We point to some mechanisms that could support the implementation of these positive actions.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13280-021-01679-8.     

A transformative mission for prioritising nature in Australian cities

Australia is experiencing mounting pressures related to processes of urbanisation, biodiversity loss and climate change felt at large in cities. At the same time, it is cities that can take the leading role in pioneering approaches and solutions to respond to those coupling emergencies. In this perspective piece we respond to the following question: What are the required transformations for prioritising, valuing, maintaining and embracing nature in cities in Australia? We adopt the mission framework as an organising framework to present proposed pathways to transform Australian cities as nature-positive places of the future. We propose three interconnected pathways as starting actions to steer urban planning, policy and governance in Australian cities: First, cities need to establish evidence-based planning for nature in cities and mainstream new planning tools that safeguard and foreground urban nature. Second, collaborative planning needs to become a standard practice in cities and inclusive governance for nature in cities needs to prioritise Aboriginal knowledge systems and practices as well as look beyond what local governments can do. Third, for progressing to nature-positive cities, it is paramount to empower communities to innovate with nature across Australian cities. Whilst we focus on Australian cities, the lessons and pathways are broadly applicably globally and can inspire science-policy debates for the post COP15 biodiversity and COP26 climate change implementation processes.     

论多媒体英语教学

多媒体英语教学把传统英语教学的单调形象转化为动感形象,国内经济社会的发展也需要多媒体英语教学的展开。本文针对英语教学中存在的主要问题：缺乏人际交流、弱化学生主体地位、弱化教师主导作用,提出相关的教学对策：加强英语教学软件的开发与利用,精心设计和制作课件;熟练掌握教学内容;将传统教学媒体与多媒体课件紧密结合;树立对多媒体英语教学的正确认识。