合肥台测震CTS-1系统处理软件

主要介绍了地震数据断记报警软件及其相关地震数据分类处理软件,此软件一方面保证了地震监测数据的连续性,另一方面使科研人员查询地震事件波形,迅速快捷,并可对典型地震事件和震相特征进行查看,提高对一些特殊地震震相的识别,从而也提高了地震的分析水平.     

Effect of clay and organic matter type on the ecotoxicity of zinc and cadmium to the potworm Enchytraeus albidus

Clay and organic matter are considered as important parameters influencing bioavailability and ecotoxicity of metals in soils. As there exists a large variation in the type of clay and organic matter in field soils, the quantity of these variables alone may not be good indicators of metal bioavailability. To test this hypothesis, toxicity experiments with the potworm Enchytraeus albidus were conducted in artificial soils with three types of clay and seven types of organic matter, while the soil pH was kept constant. The 14d LC₅₀ of zinc and cadmium varied from 83.0 to 1140 mg Zn/kg D.W. and from 55.2 to 704 mg Cd/kg D.W., respectively, depending on the type of clay and organic matter that were used. Simultaneous measurements of the cation exchange capacity showed that this soil parameter is a better indicator of the bioavailability as it takes into account the type of clay and organic matter as well as other adsorption phases such as metal oxyhydroxides.     

Modeling drivers’ reaction when being tailgated: A Random Forests Method

Background: Tailgating is a common aggressive driving behavior that has been identified as one of the leading causes of rear-end crashes. Previous studies have explored the behavior of tailgating drivers and have reported effective solutions to decrease the amount or prevalence of tailgating. This paper tries to fill the research gap by focusing on understanding highway tailgating scenarios and examining the leading vehicles’ reaction using existing naturalistic driving data. Method: A total of 1,255 tailgating events were identified by using the one-second time headway threshold criterion. Four types of reactions from the leading vehicles were identified, including changing lanes, slowing down, speeding up, and making no response. A Random Forests algorithm was employed in this study to predict the leading vehicle’s reaction based on corresponding factors including driver, vehicle, and environmental variables. Results: The analysis of the tailgating scenarios and associated factors showed that male drivers were more frequently involved in tailgating events than female drivers and that tailgating was more prevalent under sunny weather and in daytime conditions. Changing lanes was the most prevalent reaction from the leading vehicle during tailgating, which accounted for more than half of the total events. The results of Random Forests showed that mean time headway, duration of tailgating, and minimum time headway were three main factors, which had the greatest impact on the leading vehicle drivers’ reaction. It was found that in 95% of the events, leading vehicles would change lanes when being tailgated for two minutes or longer. Practical Applications: Results of this study can help to better understand the behavior and decision making of drivers. This understanding can be used in designing countermeasures or assistance systems to reduce tailgating behavior and related negative safety consequences.     

面向通风智能化的风速传感器结构化数据降噪方法对比*

为实现风网实时解算、系统优化调节等关键技术,需要去除监测数据噪声,得到结构清晰、纯度较高的通风数据。利用FCM,Rloess和S-G等平滑降噪算法对300组实测风速数据进行分析处理。结果表明:FCM算法处理过程变量引起噪声较为优越,但需提前给定分类数目;窗宽参数选7时,Rloess算法去除由状态变量引起的风速异常数据最优;在窗宽选5、次数为2时,S-G算法降噪和保持数据特性最佳;结合使用FCM-Rloess或FCM-SG算法可有效处理过程变量和状态变量引起的风速异常数据。研究结果可为矿井通风的异常诊断、灾变识别等研究提供合理的基础数据。     

Analysis of the severity of vehicle-bicycle crashes with data mining techniques

Introduction: Although cycling is increasingly being promoted for transportation, the safety concern of bicyclists is one of the major impediments to their adoption. A thorough investigation on the contributing factors to fatalities and injuries involving bicyclist. Method: This paper designs an integrated data mining framework to determine the significant factors that contribute to the severity of vehicle-bicycle crashes based on the crash dataset of Victorian, Australia (2013–2018). The framework integrates imbalanced data resampling, learning-based feature extraction with gradient boosting algorithm and marginal effect analysis. The top 10 significant predictors of the severity of vehicle-bicycle crashes are extracted, which gives an area under ROC curve (AUC) value of 0.8236 and computing time as 37.8 s. Results: The findings provide insights for understanding and developing countermeasures or policy initiatives to reduce severe vehicle-bicycle crashes.     

个性化通风在改善大空间空气质量中的应用

针对某大型超市的空气质量调查结果从健康与舒适性角度提出了个性化通风的必要性,并对个性化通风在开敞大空间中应用的可行性及空气质量改善效果进行了论证。研究结果对于空调通风系统的设计、运行管理以及超市的经营策略的不断完善有一定的借鉴作用。     

连云港市首次污染源普查数据处理及二次开发应用的研究

通过开展连云港市污染源普查工作,全面掌握了各类污染源情况,包括工业源、生活源、农业源及集中式污染治理设施等,采集到大量的污染源普查数据。在实践中,我们采用先进的信息管理技术对污染源普查数据进行处理后利用G IS技术中具有支持空间数据的获取、管理、处理、分析、建模和显示及解决复杂的管理问题的功能开发连云港市污染源电子地图。这些污染源普查数据的二次开发应用,对新时期环保工作、编制环保规划、优化经济结构、制定环境政策、加强环境监管、实施污染源动态管理、建设环境友好型社会、维护群众环境权益等工作起到了十分重要的意义。     

深部孤岛工作面区段煤柱冲击地压的试验研究

以冲击启动理论为基础,结合覆岩空间结构思想,采用相似模拟试验方法,研究了孤岛工作面上覆岩层空间结构特点及采动围岩应力场的分布、变化规律,进一步探讨了孤岛工作面区段煤柱冲击地压发生机理。结果表明,两侧充分开采的孤岛工作面上覆岩层呈"C"型覆岩空间结构,工作面承受上部岩层及两侧采空区上覆岩层转移过来的部分岩层重量,在工作面两侧形成应力集中区域,导致采动围岩应力场达到极限平衡状态,该集中应力可视为采动围岩近场极限平衡系统的静载荷。孤岛工作面开采过程中"C"型覆岩空间结构逐渐演化形成"W"型空间结构,极限平衡系统静载荷发生转移和改变,最终由上下区段煤柱全部承担上覆岩层重量,系统载荷增至最大,处于临界失稳状态。"W"型覆岩空间结构大面积失稳,为系统提供了外动载荷,系统在动载荷的扰动下突破平衡极限,从而发生区段煤柱冲击。最后,基于孤岛工作面应力分布规律确定了区段煤柱的合理尺寸。