西南某水电站岩体质量分级研究

介绍了水利水电工程地质分类、RM R分类和Q系统分类等3种分级法的具体使用和评价标准,并以西南某水电站为例,将这3种分类方法对其坝区围岩分类的结果进行了对比和相关性分析,得出了该水电站围岩合理、科学的评价分类结果。依据此评价结果,绘出了坝区岩体质量分级图,准确显示了坝区的岩体质量特征,证实了3种分级法在该类岩体分级的适用性和统一性。在充分调查和资料掌握的基础上,对岩体工程地质分类在实际工程中的应用提出了具体的指标和实际的操作法。     

Determination of 27 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in water: The benefit of isotope dilution

• Isotope dilution method was developed for the determination of 27 PPCPs in water. • The established method was successfully applied to different types of water samples. • The correction effect of corresponding 27 ILSs over 70 d was investigated. • Benefit of isotopic dilution method was illustrated for three examples. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are a unique group of emerging and non-persistent contaminants. In this study, 27 PPCPs in various water samples were extracted by solid phase extraction (SPE), and determined by isotope dilution method using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem triple quadruple mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS). A total of 27 isotopically labeled standards (ILSs) were applied to correct the concentration of PPCPs in spiked ultrapure water, drinking water, river, effluent and influent sewage. The corrected recoveries were 73%–122% with the relative standard deviation (RSD)<16%, except for acetaminophen. The matrix effect for all kinds of water samples was<22% and the method quantitation limits (MQLs) were 0.45–8.6 ng/L. The developed method was successfully applied on environmental water samples. The SPE extracts of spiked ultrapure water, drinking water, river and wastewater effluent were stored for 70 days, and the ILSs-corrected recoveries of 27 PPCPs were obtained to evaluate the correction ability of ILSs in the presence of variety interferences. The recoveries of 27 PPCPs over 70 days were within the scope of 72%–140% with the recovery variation<37% in all cases. The isotope dilution method seems to be of benefit when the extract has to be stored for long time before the instrument analysis.     

支撑环境污染第三方治理的标准体系构建研究

采用系统论及系统工程方法论,结合我国环境污染治理标准制定情况,构建了科学合理的支撑环境污染第三方治理的标准体系。标准体系包含4个子体系及22个专业领域,体系的建立可为形成环境污染第三方治理相关的共性技术、管理与服务标准提供理论参考。通过标准梳理工作,确定未来迫切需要制定一整套环境污染第三方治理绩效评价的相关标准。该研究成果能够强化环境污染第三方治理效果,完善环境污染第三方治理机制体制,对规范环境污染第三方治理技术与服务市场化应用具有一定的参考价值。     

工业园区综合难降解废水深度处理实验研究

某工业园区综合废水处理厂设计规模5.0×104m3/d,原设计出水执行《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)一级B标准,需将出水标准提高到一级A排放标准.分别采用混凝沉淀法和高级氧化法深度处理二级生化出水.小试试验结果表明:二级生化出水CODcr在62~75 mg/L左右,PAC、Al2(SO4)3及PFS三种絮凝沉淀药剂处理出水CODcr去除效果均不明显,不能稳定达到一级A排放标准.芬顿催化氧化的pH=5,FeSO4+H2O2投加量为(200+100)mg/L;臭氧氧化的O3投加量33 mg/L,其出水CODcr均能达到一级A排放标准.     

国家大气污染物排放标准体系研究

科学合理的大气污染物排放标准体系,有助于全面系统地控制大气污染源,提高大气环境保护工作效力,改善整体大气环境质量.在深入研究国家大气环境标准体系发展历程、现状及特点的基础上,指出了目前标准体系存在的不配套、不协调和不完善的问题,并提出了相应的对策和建议.     

挥发性有机污染物排放控制标准体系的建立与完善

以大气灰霾为代表的区域复合污染问题,导致挥发性有机物(VOCs)成为重点控制的污染物之一.通过对国家和地方挥发性有机污染物排放标准现状分析,依据排放特征以及我国挥发性有机物排放清单,建立和完善挥发性有机物排放控制标准体系.     

Determination of 4-tert-octylphenol in surface water samples of Jinan in China by solid phase extraction coupled with GC-MS

Octylphenols, considered as xenoestrogens, mainly exist as 4-tert-octylphenol (OP) in aquatic environments. The high stability and accumulation of OP in aquatic systems have caused endocrine disruption. The OP in surface water in Jinan, China was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) coupled with solid phase extraction (SPE). Water samples were extracted by SPE on a cartridge system containing C-18 as sorbent. To increase sensitivity and selectivity, OP was derivatized to 4-tert-octyl-phenoxy silane. With the use of phenanthrene-d10 as internal standard, the detection limit based on signal-to-noise ratio (S/N = 3) was 0.06 ng/mL. The average recovery was from 84.67% to 109.7%. The precision of the method given as the relative standard deviations (RSD) was within the range 6.24%-12.96%. In the target water samples, the concentrations of OP were as follows: 15.88-71.24 ng/L for Jinxiuchuan Reservoir, 3.850-26.68 ng/L for the city moat, 6.930-41.56 ng/L for Daming Lake, 66.03-474.2 ng/L for Xiaoqing River, 14.66-17.72 ng/L for the Yellow River, and 10.60-26.43 ng/L for Queshan Reservoir. The Xiaoqing River was seriously polluted due to the discharge of wastewater from Jinan. Jinxiuchuan Reservoir had a higher concentration of OP compared with the Yellow River and Queshan Reservoir, which is ascribed to the surrounding human activities. These data are reported for the first time, providing strong support for the control of OP pollution in Jinan.     

浙江发酵制药大气污染物排放标准制订研究

该研究分析了浙江省发酵制药行业主要大气污染物的排放状况,识别出了发酵制药行业使用的主要有机溶剂,其中丙酮、乙酸乙酯、甲醇和乙醇是该行业使用频率最高的4种有机溶剂,并得到了行业的挥发性有机污染物的成分谱。评估了发酵制药企业大气污染防治现状,并对行业大气污染防治以及环境管理等方面存在的问题进行了深入剖析。最后从发酵制药企业内部污染防治、完善行业环境监管的角度提出了发酵制药行业污染防治的基本对策和制订地方发酵制药行业大气污染物排放标准的基本思路。     

CEMS比对监测数据偏差研究

简述CEMS比对监测技术背景,总结实际监测工作中导致数据偏差的各方面因素,分析问题产生原因并提出解决措施和建议。     

河流健康评价标准研究——以贾鲁河流域郑州段为例

阐述了河流健康以及河流健康评价的概念,论述了河流健康评价的发展以及标准制定的原则和依据。并以贾鲁河流域(郑州段)为例,从生境状况、生物状况、生态功能三方面着手构建河流健康评价指标体系,并论述了该体系中各指标变量标准建立的过程。