Leachability of dissolved chromium in asphalt and concrete surfacing materials

Leachate metal pollutant concentrations produced from different asphalt and concrete pavement surfacing materials were measured under controlled laboratory conditions. The results showed that, in general, the concentrations of most metal pollutants were below the reporting limits. However, dissolved chromium was detected in leachate from concrete (but not asphalt) specimens and more strongly in the early-time leachate samples. As the leaching continued, the concentration of Cr decreased to below or close to the reporting limit. The source of the chromium in concrete pavement was found to be cement. The concentration of total Cr produced from leachate of different cement coming from different sources that was purchased from retail distributors ranged from 124 to 641 μg/L. This result indicates that the potential leachability of dissolved Cr from concrete pavement materials can be reduced through source control. The results also showed that the leachability of dissolved Cr in hardened pavement materials was substantially reduced. For example, the concentration of dissolved Cr measured in actual highway runoff was found to be much lower than the Cr concentration produced from leachate of both open and dense graded concrete pavement specimens under controlled laboratory study. It was concluded that pavement materials are not the source of pollutants of concern in roadway runoff; rather most pollutants in roadway surface runoff are generated from other road-use or land-use sources, or from (wet or dry) atmospheric deposition.     

中国与世界银行对新建火电厂的环保要求对比分析

详细介绍了中国和世界银行对新建火电厂的不同环保要求,比较分析了电厂污染物排放中的大气（颗粒物、二氧化硫、氮氧化物）、工业废水和噪声的排放限值,对规划、新建火电厂的主要污染物控制具有参考意义。     

扬中市第二污水处理厂一期工程工艺设计

扬中市第二污水处理厂,一期工程设计规模为1．0×10^4m^3／d,主体采用厌氧水解＋改良SBR工艺,处理出水达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准〉（GB18918--2002）国家一级B类标准。文中主要介绍了该工程设计的工艺流程、构筑物组成和设计参数,总结分析了改良SBR工艺的技术特点和设计要点。     

农村生活污水处理设施水污染物排放标准制订探讨

农村生活污水处理设施水污染物排放标准是农村环境管理的重要依据,关系到污水处理技术和工艺的选择,以及污水处理设施建设和运行维护成本.通过对北京市、重庆市及浙江省等地区农村生活污水排放标准进行对比,发现现有标准存在适用范围不清晰、分类分级思路不全面及控制指标选择不合理等问题.因此,基于优化农村生活污水处理设施水污染物排放标准的制订提出3点建议:①明确标准适用于规模 < 500 m3/d的农村生活污水处理设施.②根据排水去向、处理设施规模以及尾水资源化利用因素等的不同进行标准分级.③建议选择pH、ρ（SS）、ρ（COD_Cr）、ρ（NH₃-N）、ρ（TN）、ρ（TP）及ρ（动植物油）等作为控制指标,其中ρ（TN）和ρ（TP）适用于出水直接排入封闭水体或超标因子为氮、磷的不达标水体的处理设施,ρ（动植物油）适用于含农家乐废水的处理设施,有条件的地区可在上述控制指标的基础上适当增加,如阴离子表面活性剂浓度、类大肠菌群数、色度等.因此,提出因地制宜、及时修订、完善农村生活污水处理技术评估方法以及加强处理设施资金保障等建议,确保标准的顺利实施,切实做到污染物减排.      

Preparation, characterization, and photocatalytic activities of boron- and cerium-codoped TiO2

Boron- and cerium-codoped TiO2 photocatalysts were synthesized using modified sol-gel reaction process and characterized by X- ray diffraction （XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, particle size distribution （PSD）, diffuse reflectance spectra （DRS）, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller （BET）. The photocatalytic activities were evaluated by monitoring the degradation of dye Acid Red B （ARB）. The results showed that the prepared photocatalysts were mixed oxides mainly consisting of titania, ceria, and boron oxide. The structure of TiO2 could be transformed from amorphous to anatase and then to rutile by increasing calcination temperature; the transformation being accompanied by the growth of particle size without any obvious change in phase structure of CeO2. The XPS of B1.6Ce1.0-TiO2 prepared at 500℃ showed that a few boron atoms were incorporated into titania and ceria lattice, whereas others existed as B2O3. Cerium ions existed in two states, Ce^3＋ and Ce^4＋, and the atomic ratio of Ce^3＋/Ce^4＋ was 1.86. When boron and cerium were doped, the UV-Vis adsorption band wavelength showed an obvious shift toward the visible range （〈526 nm）. As the atomic ratio of Ce/Ti increased to 1.0, the absorbance edge wavelength increased to 481 nm. The absorbance edge wavelength decreased for higher cerium doping levels （Ce/Ti=2.0）. The particles size ranged from 122 to 255 nm with a domain at 168 nm （39.4%）. The degradation of ARB dye indicated that the photocatalytic activities of boron- and cerium-codoped TiO2 were much higher than those of P25 （a standard TiO2 powder）. The activities increased as the boron doping increased, whereas decreased when the Ce/Ti atomic ratio was greater than 0.5. The optimum atomic ratio of B/Ti and Ce/Ti was 1.6 and 0.5, respectively.     

CODcr仪器法与国标测定法的比较

本文通过实验，对5B－3型CODCr快速测定法（简称仪器法）与国标法进行样品分析比较，结果表明，仪器法具有国标法的准确度和精密度，同时，也避免了国标法重铬酸钾法^[1]的不足，能够满足环境应急监测的需要，提高工作效率。     

某市工业源重金属污染源评价

针对某市工业源废水中6种重金属污染物产生现状,利用全国第一次污染源普查云南省数据,用等标污染负荷法计算出各种重金属污染负荷和负荷比,及每个工厂(地区)总的重金属污染负荷和负荷比,对某市工业废水重金属污染源进行评价,利用ARCGIS对该区域重金属产生量进行分析,明确重金属污染源空间分布规律,画出有重金属产生的企业的分布图,各种重金属产生空间分布图,和某市各乡镇的污染负荷等级图。结果表明该地区重金属污染源污染负荷的大小排列顺序是砷>汞>铅>六价铬>铬>镉。各企业的重金属源总污染负荷大小为化工厂>盐化昆明盐矿>盐化厂分厂>蓄电池厂>金属原料加工厂>电源厂>材料厂>废旧电瓶场>铸件厂。某市各镇的重金属污染源污染负荷大小排序为B镇>G镇>D镇>E镇。     

Treatment of coke plant wastewater by SND fixed biofilm hybrid system

In this article, coke plant wastewater was treated by a simultaneous nitrifying and denitrifying （SND） fixed biofilm hybrid system. The results showed that suitable parameters of the system were important for the performance of the bio-degradation system. The chemical oxygen demand （COD） removal efficiency in this system was satisfactory, higher than 94%, and ammonia nitrogen was higher than 95%. The effluent COD concentration could meet the discharge standard, except for very few situations. The results showed that a sufficient carbon source was important for making ammonia nitrogen concentration meet the discharge standard. Then the TiN removal efficiency in this system can be brought higher than 94%. Dissolved oxygen （DO） is very important to the performance of the SND bio-degradation system, and the suitable DO is about 3.5-4.0 mg/L at the forepart of reactor. In addition, the performance of the system was almost not affected by pH value. The results show that the system is feasible to treat coke plant wastewater.     

秦皇岛港10年海水质量状况回顾

对秦皇岛港近十年海水水质监测数据进行了归纳总结，通过分析各项水质指标的实际水平及变化发展趋势，表明秦皇岛港的海水质量状况是良好的，说明多年来秦皇岛港有针对性地开展保护环境的工作是有成效的。     

海洋平台用高强钢强度及其耐蚀性现状及发展趋势

通过对国内外海洋平台用高强钢的种类、性能、生产标准、腐蚀及腐蚀开裂问题等方面的介绍,分析国内外海洋平台用高强钢及耐腐蚀性的现状及发展趋势,认为未来海洋平台用高强钢将向高强度、大厚度、可焊接性好及耐腐蚀方向发展,为高强钢在我国海洋领域的应用及其耐腐蚀性的发展提供参考。