生物除磷工艺技术发展

在阅读大量国内外有关文献和从事多年生物除磷研究的基础上,综述了生物除磷工艺的特点及降磷工艺的进展和现状,探讨了可控非稳态条件下周期循环生物除磷工艺的发展状况。     

马钢公司防震减灾计算机信息管理系统研究

依据中国地震局有关建设防震减灾示范项目大纲的要求,就大型企业如何建立防震减灾计算机信息系统进行了研究,给出了地震危险性分析、地震地质背景及震害预测和对策,为企业防震减灾工艺的信息化管理,提供了经验和借鉴。     

基于环路热管的冷却系统实验研究

为了提高铁路车辆牵引变流器冷却系统技术水平,满足铁路车辆装备发展需求,针对热控领域先进技术环路热管进行了冷却系统实验研究.在阐述环路热管基本原理、实验系统搭建及参数设置的基础上,从气动特性和运行特性2个方面对实验结果进行数据分析,以期为今后牵引变流器及其他铁路大功率电子设备冷却技术的发展提供新思路及备选方案.     

利用等速采样原理克服动压平衡型烟尘采样仪在寒冷地区不能正常工作的问题

根据等速采样原理,探讨在标准状态下,采样体积的计算公式.当气温在0℃以下采样时,略去累计流量计、流量计前压力表、流量计前温度表,即不再用上述仪表测得参数求算采样体积,实现了冬季采样又简化了设备的结构.     

新疆农村饮水工程卫生状况调查

对全疆 2 1 0 4个农村饮水工程进行了水源类型、工程类型、水质处理、卫生防护设施、饮水消毒措施及卫生管理情况进行了调查。结果表明 :全疆农村大部分地区在水源类型选择、工程类型选择、卫生防护设施及卫生管理上均有较大的改善和提高 ,但水质处理、饮水消毒率均较低 ,分别为 1 8.54 %和 1 8.73% ,尚需加强和改善。     

环境空气采样流量标定方法误差分析及校正换算

由于压力和温度的变化,使得校正态下标定的流量与采样态实际流量不符,会给采样体积计算带来偏差。通过转子流量计流量计算公式和理想气体状态方程推导出了采样态体积与校正态体积之间的换算公式,并结合实例进行了计算,分析了采用和不采用公式计算两者之间的误差。     

Intensified inactivation of model and environmental bacteria by an atmospheric-pressure air-liquid discharge plasma compared with chlorination

Water-borne pathogenic bacteria are always the top priority to be removed through disinfection process in water treatment due to their threat to human health. It was necessary to develop novel disinfection methods since the conventional chlorine disinfection was inefficient in inactivating chlorine-resistant bacteria, inducing the viable but non-culturable(VBNC) bacteria and forming disinfection by-products(DBPs). In this study, the inactivation of four model strains including Gram-negative(G     

在役导管架平台的评估策略研究现状

海洋平台造价昂贵,所处的海洋环境复杂且恶劣,受到波浪、流、风、冰、地震以及疲劳、腐蚀、冲刷等时变因素的联合作用,检测和维修困难,事故后果严重,所以,为延长在役导管架平台的寿命而进行的评估研究存在许多难题需要解决。针对近海导管架平台评估标准、检测策略、构件校核、系统分析、维修加固决策和方法等,介绍了国内外的研究现状,并展望了将来需要进一步开展的工作。     

Resilience-based approach to safety barrier performance assessment in process facilities

The performance assessment of safety barriers is essential to find vulnerable elements in a safety barrier system. Traditional performance assessment approaches mainly focus on using several static indicators for quantifying the performance of safety barriers. However, with the increasing complexity of the system, emerging hazards are highly uncertain, making it challenging for the static indicators to assess the performance of safety barriers. This paper proposes a resilience−based performance assessment method for safety barriers to overcome this problem. Safety barriers are classified according to their functions first. The dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) is then introduced to calculate the availability function under normal and disruption conditions. The ratio of the system's availability, when affected by the disruption, to the initial availability, is used to determine the absorption capacity of the system. The ratio of the quantity of availability recovery to the total quantity of system represents the adaptation and restoration capacity of the system. The system's resilience is represented by the sum of absorption, adaptation, and restoration capacities. The wax oil hydrogenation process is used to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed methodology.     

Declines in migrant shorebird populations from a winter‐quarter perspective

Many long‐distance migrating shorebird (i.e., sandpipers, plovers, flamingos, oystercatchers) populations are declining. Although regular shorebird monitoring programs exist worldwide, most estimates of shorebird population trends and sizes are poor or nonexistent. We built a state‐space model to estimate shorebird population trends. Compared with more commonly used methods of trend estimation, state‐space models are more mechanistic, allow for the separation of observation and state process, and can easily accommodate multivariate time series and nonlinear trends. We fitted the model to count data collected from 1990 to 2013 on 18 common shorebirds at the 2 largest coastal wetlands in southern Africa, Sandwich Harbour (a relatively pristine bay) and Walvis Bay (an international harbor), Namibia. Four of the 12 long‐distance migrant species declined since 1990: Ruddy Turnstone (Arenaria interpres), Little Stint (Calidris minuta), Common Ringed Plover (Charadrius hiaticula), and Red Knot (Calidris canutus). Populations of resident species and short‐distance migrants increased or were stable. Similar patterns at a key South African wetland suggest that shorebird populations migrating to southern Africa are declining in line with the global decline, but local conditions in southern Africa's largest wetlands are not contributing to these declines. State‐space models provide estimates of population levels and trends and could be used widely to improve the current state of water bird estimates.