基于Excel和VBA的汽轮机排汽焓求解

热力性能测试和计算是火电机组热经济性分析的基础,其中排汽焓的确定不容忽视。在分析比较目前各种在线和离线计算方法的基础上,介绍了利用Excel的矩阵函数,配合少量VBA代码,快速求解汽轮机排汽焓的具体方法。该方法以汽轮机及回热系统能量平衡为基础,遵循GB 8117-1987要求并参考ASME PTC6-1996规范。实例计算表明,该方法编程简单,计算快速,可满足汽轮机热力性能试验报告等的需要。     

污泥水蒸气气化焦油化学组分的分布特征

通过GC-MS分析,研究了气化温度和气料比S/B（水蒸气与污泥的质量比）对污泥气化焦油中芳香烃、含氮化合物、含氧化合物和含硫化合物分布特征的影响变化规律.结果表明：污泥气化焦油中芳香烃的化学组分主要为菲类、萘类、芴类和联苯类化合物,其中S/B值1.1、1.5和1.9时菲类和萘类化合物的产率在850℃均达到最大值,S/B值1.5和1.9时芴类产率随气化温度的升高而呈先升高后降低,而800℃时联苯类产率则随S/B值的增加而呈先升高后降低,其最高产率为1.284g/kg.含氮化合物以吲哚类化合物为主,其产率在S/B值为1.5和1.9时均随气化温度的升高而呈降低趋势;含氧化合物中主要为酚类化合物,其产率在750℃时随S/B值的升高而升高,其最高产率3.103g/kg;含硫化合物主要为4,4'-双（四氢噻喃）,且仅在850℃、S/B值为1.9气化条件下检出产率为0.263g/kg的萘并[1,2-b]噻吩.     

不同处理方法对硅灰稳固化垃圾焚烧飞灰重金属的影响

向飞灰中添加硅灰与一定比例的去离子水,混合均匀后分别进行自然养护、蒸汽养护和中温热处理.研究了自然养护和蒸汽养护条件下硅灰不同添加量对垃圾焚烧飞灰浸出毒性的影响,考察了蒸汽养护样与中温热处理样的重金属化学形态分布、晶体结构和微观形貌变化.结果表明：自然养护和蒸汽养护条件下,随着硅灰添加量由0%升至10%,飞灰中Pb、Cd、Cr和Cu的浸出浓度均随之降低.硅灰添加量为10%时,硅灰蒸汽养护样中Pb、Cd、Cr和Cu的浸出浓度略低于硅灰自然养护样,金属化学形态分布相比原灰变化较小;硅灰中温热处理对飞灰中Pb、Cd、Cu和Zn处理最为彻底,4种金属残渣态占比相比原灰分别从原灰的37.12%、11.82%、44.30%和51.94%升高至84.75%、75.49%、77.20%和67.40%,酸溶态分别由原灰的3.99%、54.92%、6.56%和10.49%降低至0.44%、9.37%、2.72%和3.59%.     

宣纸生产废水处理方法研究

宣纸是我国特种纸 ,生产工艺特殊 ,其生产过程产生的废水与其它纸品生产废水排放方式和性质也有较大区别 ,通常废水处理方法不适用宣纸生产废水 ,文章对宣纸生产废水分类处理进行了试验研究 ,研究出一套治理宣纸生产废水的有效方法     

煤矿矸石热电厂低真空供热的环境效益

着重讨论了小型凝汽式汽轮发电机组低真空供热及运行的几个问题。实践证明,利用小型发电厂低真空供热运行方式采暖,具有很高的经济效益和环境效益。     

Co-production of heat and power: an anchor tenant of a regional industrial ecosystem

The resource basis of industrial energy production is still, to a large extent, in non-renewable fossil fuels, the use of which creates emissions that the ecosystem has difficulty in tolerating. The goal of industrial ecology is to substitute the non-renewable stocks with renewable flows. In this paper, a regional industrial ecosystem that relies on a power plant as its key organisation, as an anchor tenant, is considered in the context of energy production and consumption. The co-production method of heat and electricity (CHP, co-production of heat and power) is implemented in the local power plant. This method uses the waste energy from electricity production for district heat and industrial heat/steam. The fuel basis in a CHP plant can include heterogeneous waste fuels. The method has been applied, to a large extent, in only three countries in the world; Denmark, The Netherlands and Finland. Examples of CHP-based industrial ecosystems from Finland are considered. CHP is reflected upon from the viewpoint of industrial ecosystem principles.     

Gas screening effect caused by steam curtains

Steam curtain equipment is used to prevent leaking flammable gases from reaching ignition sources, such as furnaces. However, steam curtains are sometimes designed badly and are ineffective for preventing the leaking gas from spreading in the windward direction. The leaked gas may pass on either side of the stream curtain, it may pass between the nozzles, or it may pass on the upper side of the stream curtain. At present, data to design the best stream curtains are quite rare. It is necessary to obtain fundamental data on the entrainment of air by steam jet and on the inclination of the steam curtain caused by the strong wind. Therefore, a series of experiments to investigate the entrained air and the inclination of the steam curtain were performed, in addition to further theoretical considerations. Thus, fundamental data useful for the design of the steam curtain equipment have been obtained.     

烧结机尾及整粒除尘系统除尘器“电改袋”

叙述某烧结厂3套烧结机尾及整粒除尘系统的电除尘器改造为长袋低压脉冲除尘器的设计及工程实例。介绍原电除尘器存在的缺陷、“电改袋”具体措施、主要设备选型以及除尘系统运行数据测试结果等方面的问题。除尘系统可靠运行已2年,各项技术指标始终保持优良状态。     

蒸汽系统安全阀泄漏原因分析及改进措施

从技术及管理两方面分析了蒸汽系统安全阀泄漏的原因,提出了预防措施。     

湖北铝电解行业废气污染控制对策探讨

湖北铝电解企业的主要污染源是电解车间的电解槽.氟化物、沥青焦油和粉尘等为主要污染因子.目前采用了湿法、干法、分隔法和高空稀释排放等方法控制污染,难以做到达标排放.国家要求所有排污企业必须近期实现达标排放.进行技术改造已刻不容缓.并提出改自焙槽为预焙槽的两种方案,既有具有前瞻性的大型方案,也有具有现实性的小型方案.