高效植物炭化炉是构筑循环经济的技术装备之一

高效植物炭化炉是将现代生物质资源通过热解,使资源得到充分利用,做到了清洁生产,实现了物质的反复循环,通过对副产品的进一步深加工,高效植物炭化炉成为制炭工业的最佳实用技术,是构成乡镇循环经济的技术装备之一.     

Discriminant analysis for assessing the value of amniotic fluid microvillar enzymes in the prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis

We have analysed the sensitivity, specificity, and reliability of biochemical diagnosis based on microvillar membrane enzyme assay and using discriminant analysis in amniotic fluid samples obtained from 54 pregnancies at high risk for cystic fibrosis and 125 normal pregnancies. Our results show that amniotic fluid trehalase, alkaline phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes and gamma-glutamyltransferase enzyme activities measured during 16–20 gestational weeks, in spite of their non-specificity for cystic fibrosis, have a very good predictive value for fetal cystic fibrosis or exclude the possibility of the disease. Overall enzyme activity analysis provided over 90 per cent reliability of the method.     

Prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 10 p in a twin pregnancy

A twin pregnancy with trisomy 10 p due to a paternal 10;12 translocation is reported. The prenatal diagnosis steps followed in twin pregnancies are reviewed and the concordant features of trisomy 10 p seen in both fetuses confirm previous reports on the clinical features of this chromosomal defect.     

Prenatal diagnosis of galactosialidosis

The second prenatal diagnosis of galactosialidosis is reported. Neuraminidase and β-galactosidase activities in cultured amniotic cells were deficient, this being confirmed by skin fibroblast enzyme assay on the affected fetus after interruption of the pregnancy. Cultured placental cells demonstrated the same enzyme deficiencies. Analysis of deproteinized amniotic fluid showed the presence of abnormal oligosaccharides specific for a-neuraminidase deficiency.     

Amniotic fluid-AFP in Down syndrome and other chromosome abnormalities

80·2 Per cent of 111 Down syndrome pregnancies had amniotic fluid (AF) alpha fetoprotein (AFP) levels on or below the median and 10·8 per cent at or below 0·5 MoM compared with 41·9 and 1·4 per cent of controls. These differences were even more striking when the gestational age was < 18 weeks compared with ⩾ 18 weeks. No such association was seen for other chromosome abnormalities including trisomy 18,45,X and mosaics, 47,XXY, 47,XXX, and other structural abnormalities and triploidy, even when high levels due to defects such as omphalocele and cystic hygroma were excluded. All cases of trisomy 13 and 80 per cent with 47,XYY had AF-AFP levels above the median. Selection of cases for karyotyping by a low level of AF-AFP would clearly fail to detect aneuploidies other than Down syndrome and is not recommended. A possible weak association between low maternal serum (MS) and AF-AFPs in Down syndrome was most evident at < 18 weeks, suggesting that MS screening between 16 and 18 weeks may be the most informative time.     

乙醇废水的超临界水氧化处理工艺研究

研究了以超临界水氧化法（SCWO）处理乙醇废水的工艺过程，实验表明，一氧化碳和二氧化碳分别是反应中间产物和最终，550℃，25MPa,停留时间大于15s时，SCWO能将乙醇完全氧化为二氧化碳，达到稳彻底处理的目的，随停留时间增大，湿度升高，乙醇的去除率增大，而压力和氧气浓度的变化对过程没有显著影响。     

水质自动监测中的质量保证与质量控制

质量保证与质量控制是水质自动监测中十分重要的技术工作和管理工作,包括人员素质、运行与管理机制、试剂与标准溶液的配制及文件记录等.在实际工作中,监测人员可根据仪器的运行状况,定期时仪器进行校准、标准溶液的核查、比对实验验证及试剂有效性检查,用以检查仪器的基线飘移情况.如果分析中出现一个异常值,它的前后均为正常值,这种数值大多是由仪器的进样、仪器内部试剂传输等原因所致,如果发生原因不明的数据异常,就要及时检查系统的各个环节并采集实际水样进行人工分析,直至查清原因,剔除异常值,并在周报中加以说明,以确保上报数据的准确性、精密性和可比性.     

前地板工艺分析及修边冲孔模具设计

介绍了冲压上常见的大型覆盖件的冲压工艺方案的确定过程 ,并以S0 1农用皮卡车“前地板”为例 ,针对此件外形复杂 ,成形深度大 ,模具加工周期大 ,成本高等问题 ,进行了详细的冲压工艺分析 ,确定了合理的冲压工序 ,且着重介绍了修边冲孔模具的设计要点及简化模具加工工艺 ,降低模具成本 ,缩短制模周期等措施     

False elevation of amniotic fluid enzymes of relevance for prenatal diagnosis: Creatine kinase measurement in relation to duchenne muscular dystrophy

The creatine kinase activity of amniotic fluid was measured in samples collected at fetoscopy. In our first study, the control sample range was 0-25 IU/1, although four samples had activities of 35–85 IU/1. Elevated values did not correlate with the activities in the fetal or maternal circulations. Electrophoresis revealed the presence of the BB isozyme of creatine kinase rather than just the MM form as expected. This suggested that the source of the elevated enzyme activity was from the myometrium, damaged by insertion of the trocar and cannula. In a further series the first 2 ml of amniotic fluid withdrawn yielded a much higher creatine kinase activity than a second aliquot. A control series of such second samples (first 2 ml discarded) gave an activity range of 0–7 IU/1 with no spuriously high values. This compares favourably with a series from single samplings taken by amniocentesis. Normal creatine kinase activities were found in the amniotic fluids from 20 pregnancies at risk for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. We conclude that for accurate measurement of amniotic fluid enzyme activity the first portion withdrawn should be discarded. Amniotic fluid creatine kinase activity is of no value for the prenatal diagnosis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.     

Prenatal diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency by amniotic fluid steroid analysis

The concentration of 17OH-progesterone was measured in second trimester amniotic fluid samples from 12 mothers who previously had had an infant with congenital adrenal hyper-plasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. In 4 affected pregnancies, the concentrations were more than 2 S.D. higher than those determined in 44 samples from normal pregnancies (mean ± S.D., 8·1 ± 2·4 nmol/1). The remaining 8 pregnancies were predicted to be unaffected based on the results of amniotic fluid concentrations within the normal range. In each instance, the infant was normal. The results indicate that measurement of amniotic fluid 17OH-progester-one concentrations during the second trimester is an accurate prenatal test for 21-hydroxylase deficiency. The results should be supplemented with determination of fetal sex by karyotype analysis on the amniotic fluid cells.