高职数学教学必须加强数学思想方法的教学

数学思想方法是数学知识的核心,是数学的精髓和灵魂,是研究数学理论和运用数学解决实际问题的指导思想。本文针对目前高职数学教学中存在的数学思想方法教学重视不够以及教法上随意性的现状,提出通过加强数学史和基本数学思想方法的介绍,以及倡导“问题解决”的教学模式来提高学生的数学素养。     

安全工程专业部分课程内容的划分

鉴于国内安全工程专业教材内容、教学内容交叉严重的现状及其导致的教学组织困难等问题,笔者根据安全教育实践、安全管理实务的需要以及国内外的安全科学研究进展,对安全系统工程、安全评价、安全管理学、安全学原理、安全经济学、风险管理、安全法律法规等目前各高等学校安全工程专业普遍开设的专业课程的内容进行了划分.该划分的见解,可供国内安全工程专业的专业课程教学组织以及教学改革作为参考.     

安全工程本科专业建设研究的文献计量学分析

为了解安全科技人员利用文献的特点和安全工程学科文献的发展规律,根据文献计量学分析理论与方法,对1995—2009年安全工程本科专业建设研究文献的发文量、文献著者、核心作者群、核心期刊群、引文文献、被引用情况和基金项目资助等进行分析研究,结果表明:安全工程本科专业建设研究的发文量较少但整体呈上升态势;文献著者的合作度为2.5,合著率76.1%,文献的合作度和合著率较低,研究深度和广度需进一步加强,同时需加强多单位联合研究;高校研究者是该领域的主力军,其发文量占92.5%,但核心作者群尚未形成;《中国安全科学学报》是该领域研究的核心期刊,北京是该领域研究的核心区域;期刊文献是主要的引文类型(73.5%),引文语种主要是中文文献(97.3%),篇均引文文献4.9篇,普赖斯指数较高(73.3%);文献的被引用频次整体较低(2.2);2005年以来文献的基金项目资助率为30.2%,基金项目资助率和资助项目级别均呈上升趋势。     

Environmental and economic impacts of water scarcity and market reform on the Mooki catchment

Over-allocation of irrigation water has led to widespread environmental degradation in the Murray-Darling Basin (MDB) in Australia, prompting discussions of the water efficiency performance of irrigated industries. There is increasing pressure for irrigators to adopt water efficient practices in line with ecologically sustainable principles, especially with current drought conditions. However, there is great uncertainty surrounding the available practices to improve irrigation efficiency from both ecological and economic standpoints. This paper examines the economic and environmental impact of several possible water efficient practices and government policies, using an interdisciplinary approach combining biophysical modelling and economic modelling. This is done for the case-study of the Mooki catchment in the MDB, located in northern New South Wales, Australia.     

The future of food security in the Three Areas of Sudan

Currently, the pace of recovery in the 'Three Areas' is moving faster than the implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA). This gap is leading to greater imbalances in income, unsustainable urbanization, overexploitation of the environment and resource based conflict. Unless regulated, the likely result will be chronic poverty and an undermining of the success of the CPA. Agencies must be mindful of how they provide assistance so that they support the CPA. The analysis of food security should take place in the context of a larger political, social and economic analysis of the emerging situation. The least developed areas should be prioritised and interventions should provide benefits to the full range of socioeconomic groups. WFP must identify its role in the wider and integrated response. It should support the emerging peace process and the key reforms. If WFP chooses to consolidate its activities, it will require capable strategic partners. If it chooses to invest more in building the capacity of government and community structures, it must improve its skill base and field presence     

西部如何吸引环保资金

分析了西部开发中环保与技术进入西部较缓慢的原因,提出了相应的解决办法;如要拓宽西部环保的投资渠道,改变环保意识与观念的落后,改革西部经济体制等,以实现“开发西部环保先行”的发展战略。     

Stewardship of Natural Resources: Definition, Ethical and Practical Aspects

Stewardship is potentially a usefulconcept in modernizing management philosophies. Use ofthe term has increased markedly in recent years, yetthe term is used loosely and rarely defined in landmanagement literature. The connections between thispractical usage and the ethical basis of stewardshipare currently poorly developed. The followingdefinition is proposed: ``Stewardship is theresponsible use (including conservation) of naturalresources in a way that takes full and balancedaccount of the interests of society, futuregenerations, and other species, as well as of privateneeds, and accepts significant answerability tosociety.' A religious interpretation would require thephrase ``and ultimately to God' to be added.Stewardship has both secular and religiousinterpretations and it will be desirable to developboth of these aspects in parallel. A task forphilosophers is to establish whether the ethical basisof stewardship is sufficient to address environmentalconcerns or whether it is necessary to embrace widerethical approaches. Stewardship occupies similarground to several other concepts of use and managementof resources, particularly sustainability. It canbuild on sustainability by encouraging a broader viewof who and what should benefit from managementactivity. In particular, it focuses attention on therole of managers in providing public benefit and onenvisaging other species as a form of ``stakeholder' inmanagement decisions. Stewardship is applicable acrossthe widest range of fields of resource use and alsohas relevance to aspects of land tenure and propertyrights. Application of stewardship will require someadjustments in the roles of private managers/ownersvis-à-vis government. It might providemanagers with an expanded role and, importantly, amore positive image, both of themselves and in theeyes of the public. Stewardship could alsobe developed in a way that has relevance to citizensin general (as opposed to managers and owners ofresources), through their interactions with naturalresources as consumers.     

企业改制对环境管理的影响

实行国有大中型企业扭亏解困,其核心是抓大放小,采取改组、联合、兼并、租赁和股份制等形式,真正建立产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、管理科学的现代企业制度。因此企业改制会对环境管理工作带来广泛而深刻的影响,同时环境管理工作也面临许多机遇和挑战。江钻股份公司在企业改制过程中积极探索,大胆实践,创造出一条环境管理的新路子。     

Towards a grand deal on subsidies and climate change

Recent studies have identified public subsidies as a principal cause of unsustainable development. Worldwide, governments are spending up to $U950 billion a year on subsidies. Many of these public subsidies fail to serve their purpose and in fact, often turn out as policy failures as they further distort trade and cause environmental harm. The energy sector is among the most subsidized sectors in the world, receiving over $U240 billion per annum of public subsidies. This article highlights current energy subsidies and their implications. The article examines: (i) the global size and distribution of energy subsidies in industrialized and developing countries; (ii) the impact of these subsidies on the economy, equity and the environment and their role as barriers for sustainable development; (iii) the political economy behind public subsidies and the various political and institutional barriers and lock-in mechanisms that cause subsidies to become entrenched in economic and public structures; and (iv) proposals for effective subsidy reform in energy policies, suggesting a global strategy to eliminate energy subsidies. OECD governments are in a position to take the lead, and the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change presents an excellent opportunity of striking a political grand deal and linking the reform of energy subsidies to a meaningful participation of developing countries to the Kyoto Protocol. Moreover, if sinks are to be included in the clean development mechanism (CDM), it is crucial to include the removal of forestry subsidies in the grand deal.     

复合肥生产中造粒尾气处理装置的技术改造

分析了复合肥生产中造粒尾气一级处理用磷酸洗涤时出现的问题及一级与二级处理均用水洗涤时尾气中氨排放量大的原因 ,提出了二级处理改为磷酸洗涤的技术方案。方案实施后的运行情况表明 ,改造是成功的 ,二级处理采用磷酸洗涤是可行的。