纳米TiO_2-Al_2O_3负载CuMnO_x对甲苯的催化燃烧

研究采用改进的溶胶-凝胶法制备了TiO2-Al2O3复合载体,并用浸渍法制备CuMnOX/TiO2-Al2O3催化剂,通过对甲苯废气催化燃烧的实验,分别考察了Cu-Mn负载量、Cu/Mn摩尔比、焙烧温度及载体对催化剂制备过程及催化剂活性的影响。实验结果表明:活性组分负载量25%,铜锰活性组分的配比Cu:Mn=1:2,焙烧温度500℃是浸渍法制备CuMnOX/TiO2-Al2O3催化剂较佳的工艺条件;XRD衍射图谱表明,500℃下铜锰尖晶石的存在是催化剂催化活性优良的主要原因;由复合载体制备的CuMnOX/TiO2-Al2O3催化剂比单一载体制备的CuMnOX/Al2O3催化剂具有更高的甲苯转化率,其T99比单一载体要低20℃以上。     

pUCD-recA重组发光菌构建及对遗传毒性污染物响应作用

基因重组发光菌在水质毒性的评价中具有重要的作用,本研究从分析污染物毒性损伤的机制出发,构建新型pUCD-recA基因重组发光菌.用PCR法从大肠杆菌W3110中扩增recA基因,将其与pGEM-T easy载体连接后测序.测序正确的recA片段及pUCD615载体均用BamHⅠ、EcoRⅠ双酶切,连接后电转化导入宿主菌JM109.挑取克隆,提取质粒用PCR鉴定,阳性克隆再进行测序.将构建成功的pUCD-recA载体转化入大肠杆菌RFM443,加入相应的遗传毒性污染物,观察发光响应作用.结果表明,recA基因PCR扩增出的片段为293 bp,测序结果与GenBank中的recA序列进行BLAST比对,同源性为99%,表明扩增序列正确.与pUCD615载体连接后的测序结果表明,recA基因已正确地插入到pUCD615的多克隆位点,方向和读码框正确,重组发光菌载体构建成功.将构建好的重组载体转化入RFM443宿主菌,加入遗传毒性污染物观察响应效果.丝裂霉素C(MMC)对pUCD-recA重组发光菌诱导效果最好,0.01 mg/L即可有很好的响应曲线;N′-甲基-N′-硝基亚硝基胍(MNNG)则在50~100 mg/...     

种族鱼群优化支持向量机序列理论监测尾矿坝

为监测预警尾矿坝的变形位移,提出基于结构风险最小化理论的支持向量机进行学习预测。通过采集有效数据,对时间序列数据进行归一化序列处理,然后采取种族鱼群选择向量机参数,对处理后的数据进行支持向量机回归预测。将该理论应用到某尾矿坝监测系统,得到了较为准确的预测结果,表明该理论充分利用了数据的统计特性,精度和泛化能力都得到了明显提高,可作为尾矿坝监测系统的有效指导。     

A Water Allocation Decision‐Support Model and Tool for Predictions in Ungauged Basins in Northeast British Columbia,Canada

Pressures on water resources due to changing climate, increasing demands, and enhanced recognition of environmental flow needs result in the need for hydrology information to support informed water allocation decisions. However, the absence of hydrometric measurements and limited access to hydrology information in many areas impairs water allocation decision‐making. This paper describes a water balance‐based modeling approach and an innovative web‐based decision‐support hydrology tool developed to address this need. Using high‐resolution climate, vegetation, and watershed data, a simple gridded water balance model, adjusted to account for locational variability, was developed and calibrated against gauged watersheds, to model mean annual runoff. Mean monthly runoff was modeled empirically, using multivariate regression. The modeled annual runoff results are within 20% of the observed mean annual discharge for 78% of the calibration watersheds, with a mean absolute error of 16%. Modeled monthly runoff corresponds well to observed monthly runoff, with a median Nash–Sutcliffe statistic of 0.92 and a median Spearman rank correlation statistic of 0.98. Monthly and annual flow estimates produced from the model are incorporated into a map‐ and watershed‐based decision‐support system referred to as the Northeast Water Tool, to provide critical information to decision makers and others on natural water supply, existing allocations, and the needs of the environment.     

基于支持向量机的巢湖富营养化程度评价研究

由于湖泊富营养化程度影响因素多,评价因素与富营养化等级之间关系复杂而且具有非线性特征。支持向量机是由Vapnik等人提出的建立在统计学习理论基础上的一种新的机器学习方法,由于其使用结构风险最小化原则代替经验风险最小化原则,解决了一些神经网络遗留的问题,又由于其应用了核函数思想,它可以较好地解决非线性问题,利用支持向量机多类分类算法,构建巢湖富营养化程度评价模型,取得较好的结果。     

大气污染总量控制规划智能决策支持系统的开发与研究

对大气污染总量控制规划智能决策支持系统的开发步骤和总体结构做了介绍。并描述了该系统中的知识库系统、模型库系统、数据库系统和图形库系统的设计思想,特别是对知识库的构造进行了较详细的叙述。还介绍了神经网络技术在该系统中的应用。指出大气污染总量控制规划智能决策支持系统将为大气污染总量控制提供更科学、更合理、更有效的规划方案。     

中国省级环境决策支持系统的系统分析

中国省级环境决策支持系统(DSS)是基于GIS和各种模型的空间决策支持系统?该文介绍了DSS系统的系统分析方法和内容,包括软件需求说明?数据需求说明和总体设计      

复杂河流系统水污染的计算机图形模拟

讨论在河流系统水污染规划中应用交互式计算机图形技术。通过对复杂河流系统水污染的图形模拟,提出建立图模型的一般理论和方法,并就浑太流域河流水污染案例给出实际模拟结果。     

现代统计信息分析技术在安全工程方面的应用——层次分析法原理

层次分析法是一种决策新技术,它利用矩阵特征值和特征向量运算,帮助人们进行群组判断,以确定某些定性变量的赋值。介绍了其基本原理及计算方法。     

SELECTION AND SUSTAINABILITY OF LAND AND WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS1

ABSTRACT: Most spatial decision support systems for natural resource planning and management are limited by their scenario-based (non-behavioral), deterministic (non-stochastic) structure. A spatial decision support system is developed that uses a multiple attribute decision-making model to explain how a property manager selects a land and water resource management system (LWRMS) based on its multiple, stochastic economic and environmental attributes. The decision support system assesses sustainable resource management at the property and watershed scales and identifies the most cost-effective policy for enhancing sustainable resource management. Economic attributes are determined with an economic model and environmental attributes are simulated with an environmental model. Input parameters for both models are generated with a geographic information system. The decision support system is used to rank five LWRMS for a sample of 20 farmers in Missouri's Goodwater Creek watershed and for two hypothetical watershed alliance groups. Results indicate that the average farmer and the two alliance groups would rank the five LWRMS in the same manner. From the viewpoint of the watershed alliance, the most preferred LWRMS for the average farmer in the watershed is sustainable.