矿山法双线地铁施工仿真及地表沉降数值分析

研究了左右双线矿山法隧道施工时的短期地面沉降。采用矿山法进行双线掘进,两隧道中心距13.2m,V级围岩CRD法进行施工,两侧隧道断面对称开挖。使用FLAC3D进行沉降分析,该软件能模拟地下隧道的掘进、支护和掌子面支护等。针对某地地质特征进行预测,这些特征是决定地面沉降量的关键因素。通过模拟左右双隧道对称掘进施工的暗挖隧道施工过程,得到了施工时的地面沉降规律,即沉降可分为两个阶段,且第一阶段沉降大于第二阶段沉降。最终为在市内建筑物密集区域修建地铁隧道提供安全可行的方法。     

全尾砂絮凝沉降参数GA-SVM优化预测模型研究

为了得到经济、高效的絮凝沉降参数,建立GA_SVM预测模型进行优化选择。在优选过程中,以供砂浓度、絮凝剂单耗和絮凝剂添加浓度作为输入因子,以沉降速度作为综合输出因子,通过室内试验,建立训练、验证样本集;建立支持向量机（SVM）回归预测模型,用训练集对模型进行训练,进而以验证集预测值的均方误差作为适应度函数,通过遗传算法（GA）对SVM模型参数进行优化选择,应用优化得到的SVM模型对絮凝沉降参数进行预测、优化。以湖南某铅锌银矿为例,通过建立的GA_SVM模型对全尾砂絮凝沉降参数进行预测,优选出该矿最佳絮凝沉降参数为:供砂浓度20%-25%,絮凝剂单耗8g/t,添加浓度009%。经实验对比,该模型对絮凝沉降参数预测结果的相对误差能控制在5%左右,精确度较高,可以作为絮凝沉降参数优选的一种新思路     

安全生产技术支撑体系建立的研究

为了解决安全生产事故预防和事故处理方面的技术保障问题,加强对安全生产的监督和监察,必须建立各级安全生产技术支撑体系专业中心。建设的目的是围绕加强灾害事故的鉴定分析、灾害预防、安全技术的研究以及直接为国家各级安全生产监管监察机构履行职责提供技术支撑等。就省级企事业中非矿行业的安全生产技术支撑体系的建立作了初步研究,提出自己的观点,为各级工业安全生产技术支撑体系中心的建立提供可参考的依据。     

基于模拟植物生长算法的快线公共车辆优化调度研究

公共车辆的运营优化调度能够很好的减少城市交通拥堵,缓解交通压力,保证多方面的利益。对乘客高峰期快线公共车辆的调度进行了研究。首先运用了三元组α/β/γ方法对问题进行了描述,将乘客高峰期快线车辆的调度描述为一类以最小化制造期和平均等待时间为目标,具有先入先出原则和机器适用限制的流水车间动态调度问题。并在此基础上建立了相应的数学模型;接着,运用模拟植物生长算法进行了算法设计;最后,用实际数据进行了数值仿真,结果证明该研究具有较高的理论及现实价值。     

负载型纳米Fe-Pd降解水溶性偶氮染料

采用阳离子交换树脂表面为载体,合成了负载型纳米Fe-Pd二元复合金属材料,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱分析对该材料进行表征,研究了其对一些水溶性偶氮染料的降解效果.实验表明,该材料对0.05 g.L-1甲基橙、日落黄、酸性橙8、金橙G和活性红2等偶氮染料有较好的降解效果,纳米双金属中Pd含量的增加有利于染料的降解;反应体系初始pH值对染料的降解率影响较大,本研究中,pH 4酸性条件下降解效果最佳;制备的材料在第10次活化后,仍有较好的降解效果;为环境中偶氮染料的降解提供了一种有效的方法.     

巷道超前支护装备的防冲击控制策略研究

针对冲击地压会对巷道超前支护装备产生冲击等不利影响,提出一种基于改进型扰动观测器的控制方法。该方法在常规扰动观测器基础上,增加两个控制器,对理想模型控制器的输出进行动态补偿。使控制器不仅能够对频率较低的外界扰动进行抑制,同时能够对高频的测量噪声干扰进行消除。对其进行数值仿真与模拟实验,结果表明改进后控制方法能够有效降低冲击地压对超前支护装备产生的不利影响。     

巷道蝶叶塑性区顶板冒落特征与层次支护研究

针对巷道蝶叶塑性区顶板破坏深度大、变形剧烈、冒顶事故频发等问题,综合现场调研、理论分析、数值模拟等方法,考虑巷道顶板不同服务阶段的变形破坏特点,研究分析了巷道顶板破坏失稳机理和不同层位顶板的控制要点,提出了以冒顶控制为主的顶板层次控制技术,阐明了辅助支护材料、普通长度锚杆、接长锚杆、长锚索对不同层位顶板的层次控制原理。据此,在保德矿81306工作面回采巷道蝶叶塑性区顶板进行了层次支护设计,并进行了顶板下沉量和接长锚杆支护力监测,结果表明:以冒顶控制为主的巷道顶板层次支护体系较好的维护了顶板整体稳定,保证了巷道安全与正常服务。     

A stage-structured, Aedes albopictus population model

Aedes albopictus has been the fastest spreading invasive animal species in the world from the mid-1980s until the mid-2000s. In areas it infests, it disrupts native mosquito ecology and can potentially vector up to 21 viruses. To better understand the population dynamics of this species, we created a temperature dependent population model. A stage-structured model was chosen to allow each life-stage to have different temperature dependent mortality and development rates, and each stage was modeled with an ordinary differential equation. Model parameters and distributions were based upon literature values. Initially, a basic model was constructed. This model then had parameters that were forced based upon daily average temperatures. Several criteria were used to evaluate the model, including a comparison to field data from Lubbock, TX. In a stochastic version of the model, a 95% confidence limit contained 70.7% of the field data points. Based upon these results, we feel reasonably confident that we have captured the role of temperature in driving the population dynamics of Ae. albopictus.     

The Moderating Role of Hardiness and Social Support in the Relation Between Job Stressors and Well-Being. A Lesson From a Clerical Women Sample

The study concerns the moderating role of two variables—hardiness and social support—in the relation between job stressors and well-being. It was checked if there is a connection between hardiness and social support, and if these variables are directly related to the level of well-being. It was also hypothesized that hardiness and social support buffer the negative influence of stressors on well-being. The fact that social support and well-being are multidimensional variables was taken into account.

The cross-sectional study was conducted on a group of 200 women employed as office workers. The results showed that hardiness correlates with the indexes of emotional support as well as practical support coming from supervisors. The connection, however, was not strong. Hardiness and social support were directly connected with the level of well-being. Interaction of these two independent variables played a marginal role. As far as the buffering role of these variables was concerned, the results have shown that hardiness did not play a buffering role and social support did to a limited degree only.

The results of the study proved that it is justifiable to treat social support and well-being as multidimensional variables.