Sustainable development strategies for China's Du Jiang Yan Water Resources Project

China's Du Jiang Yan Irrigation Project, dating back to 256 BC, is one of the world's earliest water resources projects. Although it has been benefiting the Sichuan Basin area for over 2000 years, it is facing increasing problems due to ecological deterioration, over-exploitation from local industries and agriculture, suboptimal resource allocation arising from supply and demand mismatches, and an aging infrastructure. The traditional water resources development model is no longer appropriate for current and future needs of the area. Therefore, a sustainable development framework is envisioned in which population, economy and environment coexist in harmony. Within this framework, major strategies, such as construction and renovation of infrastructure, promotion of water conserving irrigation through non-engineering measures, pollution control and ecological improvements, restructuring of management entities and exploration of new funding sources, are proposed. An evaluation system is also introduced to assess the degree of sustainability and to monitor progress towards a high level of sustainable development.     

Community support for wildfire mitigation at Peavine Métis Settlement,Alberta, Canada

This paper presents the findings of a study that explored public support for wildfire mitigation programmes implemented in Peavine Métis Settlement, an Indigenous community located in Alberta, Canada. Data were collected in a community-based study using interviews, focus groups and participant observation over a 4-year period. Results showed that support for the wildfire mitigation programme was influenced by local leadership, economics, community capacity and land and home ownership. The communal nature of land and home ownership on the settlement influenced support for wildfire mitigation that was conducted by the settlement at both the residential and community levels. Employment opportunities available in the community for settlement members for wildfire mitigation activities also increased support for the local wildfire mitigation programme. A local Aboriginal leader skilled in wildfire mitigation and existing community capacity was also seen as vital to settlement member support for the programme.     

荧光假单胞菌高效广谱载体的构建及分析

为促进高GC含量基因在荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)中表达效果更加理想、操作更加简便,本研究首先采用不依赖基因序列和连接反应的克隆(Sequence and ligation independent cloning,SLIC)方法将载体pCIBhis上与复制相关的序列和标记基因片段构建成克隆载体pCIBS1.然后优化荧光假单胞菌转化方法,用电转化法将pCIBS1导入荧光假单胞菌BL915中,随后又将T7和tac基因启动子分别插入pCIBS1中,成功构建了表达载体pCIBS3和pCIBS2.研究发现载体pCIBS1在大肠杆菌和荧光假单胞菌中均较为稳定,并且将绿色荧光蛋白基因插入表达载体中,在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中获得表达,验证了表达载体功能.本研究构建的表达载体和建立的荧光假单胞菌BL915电转化方法,为高GC含量基因在荧光假单胞菌中的表达奠定了基础.     

Long-term prediction model of rockburst in underground openings using heuristic algorithms and support vector machines

Rockburst possibility prediction is an important activity in many underground openings design and construction as well as mining production. Due to the complex features of rockburst hazard assessment systems, such as multivariables, strong coupling and strong interference, this study employs support vector machines (SVMs) for the determination of classification of long-term rockburst for underground openings. SVMs is firmly based on the theory of statistical learning algorithms, uses classification technique by introducing radial basis function (RBF) kernel function. The inputs of models are buried depth H, rocks’ maximum tangential stress σ_θ, rocks’ uniaxial compressive strength σ_c, rocks’ uniaxial tensile strength σ_t, stress coefficient σ_θ/σ_c, rock brittleness coefficient σ_c/σ_t and elastic energy index W_et. In order to improve predictive accuracy and generalization ability, the heuristic algorithms of genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) are adopted to automatically determine the optimal hyper-parameters for SVMs. The performance of hybrid models (GA + SVMs = GA-SVMs) and (PSO + SVMs = PSO-SVMs) have been compared with the grid search method of support vector machines (GSM-SVMs) model and the experimental values. It also gives variance of predicted data. A rockburst dataset, which consists of 132 samples, was employed to evaluate the current method for predicting rockburst grade, and the good results of overall success rate were obtained. The results indicated that the heuristic algorithms of GA and PSO can speed up SVMs parameter optimization search, the proposed method is robust model and might hold a high potential to become a useful tool in rockburst prediction research.     

Environmental emergency decision support system based on Artificial Neural Network

We present a general methodology for developing environmental emergency decision support systems (EEDSS) based on an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). We highlight the method for developing the system using an illustrative example of an unexpected atmospheric accident with an ANN prototype system for a district in Shanghai. The network architecture of the ANN is introduced. Then the development process and key technologies are addressed. The procedures for matching the environmental emergency decision support characteristics are as follows: (1) digitization (coding) of case information and emergency measures, in which the information of cases are divided into the input attributes and decision-making information, and standardized and digitized through the Feature Evaluation (FE) method and the Intensity Hierarchical (IH) method, respectively; (2) construction of environmental emergency ANN, in which Gradient Descent with Momentum and Adaptive Learning Rate (GDMALR) method (traingdx function), a modified back-propagation algorithm, is employed to do training; and (3) translation (decoding) of decision-making information, in which output data of ANN is interpreted into practical contingency measures with Translation Based on Conventional Import Ratios (TBCIR) method. The training features, time, errors, accuracy, and input attribute weights of the prototype system are analyzed. The usage of the prototype system is demonstrated through a hypothetical case. This article encounters the challenge of ANN’s own lack of training samples. We discuss to the concept of integrating Case-Based Reasoning (CBR), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and ANN to overcome this difficulty and form a technology system for generating useful decision support information for environmental emergency response.     

The costs and benefits of working with one's spouse: A two‐sample examination of spousal support,work–family conflict,and emotional exhaustion in work‐linked relationships

Although the prevalence of employees working within the same workplace or occupation with their spouse has increased, relatively little research has examined their experiences. On the basis of the boundary and conservation of resources (COR) theories, we argue that higher levels of work–family role integration among work‐linked couples will lead to higher levels of spousal support resources and lower levels of work–family conflict. This will, in turn, lead to lower emotional exhaustion among employees in a work‐linked relationship. Among two samples of employees in a variety of occupations, we found that being in a work‐linked relationship was associated with both higher spousal instrumental support as well as different forms of work–family conflict. The interaction between spousal support and work–family conflict was associated with emotional exhaustion. We discuss the implications of these findings for boundary and COR theories in terms of movement of resources across work–family boundaries and resource relevance in the strain process. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

西安地铁穿越地裂缝带支护结构设计研究

西安地裂缝是一种地区性的地质灾害,地裂缝的存在给西安地铁的设计和施工等带来一系列的难题和挑战.本文针对西安地铁1号线与F6地裂缝的交叉进行了支护结构设计的探讨分析,调查了F6地裂缝的活动规律和特点.在此基础上,建立了三维有限元计算模型,确定模型的加载方式,分析研究了地铁隧道在施工、支护阶段以及设计年限内最终沉降的结构受力与变形,从而确定了结构设计的方式以及布置形式.同时探讨了支护结构构造,给出了变形缝处结构协调地裂缝活动措施和方法,以期本研究对西安地裂缝带的地铁建设有一定参考.     

安全管理决策支持系统的管理控制框架探讨

从安全管理的特性出发,用控制框图说明了安全管理控制系统的组成。在论述安全管理决策的内容及其最重。要的问题的过程中,提出了安全管理对象化的思想。利用6步描述方法解析了安全管理问题,并构建了安全决策支持系统的4 4模块化框架,为系统的研究与开发奠定基础。     

基于支持向量机的采空区稳定性分级

针对采空区稳定性分级的影响因素众多且关系复杂的特点,提出采用支持向量机理论对采空区稳定性进行分级。根据分级评价指标选取原则,选取岩体结构、地质构造、岩石的质量指标、地下可见水、地下水体、周边开采的影响、相邻空区的情况、工程布置、跨度、面积、高度、矿柱的尺寸及布置、埋藏深度和采空区的规格14个影响因子,建立了采空区稳定性评价指标体系,引入支持向量机理论,选择有向无环图方式构造多类分类器,得到采空区稳定性分级的支持向量机模型。将该模型用于山东黄金矿业西山矿区的25个采空区进行分级,并与未确知测度方法的分级情况     

应用支持向量机评价土壤环境质量

基于野外采样和室内分析相结合的方法,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)对羊草沟煤矿研究区表层土壤样品中的Cd、Cr、Zn、Pb和Cu含量进行测定,应用非线性支持向量机模型中的分类支持向量机,选用sigmoid核函数,利用MATLAB编写程序,进行土壤环境质量评价,并利用模糊综合评判法对评价结果进行验证.在此基础上,运用对应分析方法对样品和变量进行了关联分析,进一步了解重金属污染特征.评价结果表明,研究区土壤环境质量多为Ⅰ类,与模糊综合评判法的相同率达到91.67%,将支持向量机用于土壤环境质量评价是可行的.相比于传统的评价方法,支持向量机采用结构风险最小化原则,将复杂的非线性问题转化为线性问题,成功的解决了多分类、高维运算等问题.