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631.
Brack W Bakker J de Deckere E Deerenberg C van Gils J Hein M Jurajda P Kooijman B Lamoree M Lek S López de Alda MJ Marcomini A Muñoz I Rattei S Segner H Thomas K von der Ohe PC Westrich B de Zwart D Schmitt-Jansen M 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2005,12(5):252-256
BACKGROUND: Triggered by the requirement of Water Framework Directive for a good ecological status for European river systems till 2015 and by still existing lacks in tools for cause identification of insufficient ecological status MODELKEY (http:// www.modelkey.org), an Integrated Project with 26 partners from 14 European countries, was started in 2005. MODELKEY is the acronym for 'Models for assessing and forecasting the impact of environmental key pollutants on freshwater and marine ecosystems and biodiversity'. The project is funded by the European Commission within the Sixth Framework Programme. OBJECTIVES: MODELKEY comprises a multidisciplinary approach aiming at developing interlinked tools for an enhanced understanding of cause-effect-relationships between insufficient ecological status and environmental pollution as causative factor and for the assessment and forecasting of the risks of key pollutants on fresh water and marine ecosystems at a river basin and adjacent marine environment scale. New modelling tools for risk assessment including generic exposure assessment models, mechanistic models of toxic effects in simplified food chains, integrated diagnostic effect models based on community patterns, predictive component effect models applying artificial neural networks and GIS-based analysis of integrated risk indexes will be developed and linked to a user-friendly decision support system for the prioritisation of risks, contamination sources and contaminated sites. APPROACH: Modelling will be closely interlinked with extensive laboratory and field investigations. Early warning strategies on the basis of sub-lethal effects in vitro and in vivo are provided and combined with fractionation and analytical tools for effect-directed analysis of key toxicants. Integrated assessment of exposure and effects on biofilms, invertebrate and fish communities linking chemical analysis in water, sediment and biota with in vitro, in vivo and community level effect analysis is designed to provide data and conceptual understanding for risk arising from key toxicants in aquatic ecosystems and will be used for verification of various modelling approaches. CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVE: The developed tools will be verified in case studies representing European key areas including Mediterranean, Western and Central European river basins. An end-user-directed decision support system will be provided for cost-effective tool selection and appropriate risk and site prioritisation. 相似文献
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N. Van Cauwenbergh K. Biala C. Bielders V. Brouckaert L. Franchois V. Garcia Cidad M. Hermy E. Mathijs B. Muys J. Reijnders X. Sauvenier J. Valckx M. Vanclooster B. Van der Veken E. Wauters A. Peeters 《Agriculture, ecosystems & environment》2007,120(2-4):229-242
Sustainable development and the definition of indicators to assess progress towards sustainability have become a high priority in scientific research and on policy agendas. In this paper, we propose a consistent and comprehensive framework of principles, criteria and indicators (PC&I) for sustainability assessment of agricultural systems, referred to as the Sustainability Assessment of Farming and the Environment (SAFE) framework. In addition we formulate consistent and objective approaches for indicator identification and selection. The framework is designed for three spatial levels: the parcel level, the farm level and a higher spatial level that can be the landscape, the region or the state. The SAFE framework is hierarchical as it is composed of principles, criteria, indicators and reference values in a structured way. Principles are related to the multiple functions of the agro-ecosystem, which go clearly beyond the production function alone. The multifunctional character of the agro-ecosystem encompasses the three pillars of sustainability: the environmental, economic and social pillars. Indicators and reference values are the end-products of the framework. They are the operational tools that are used for evaluating the sustainability of the agro-ecosystems. The proposed analytical framework is not intended to find a common solution for sustainability in agriculture as a whole, but to serve as an assessment tool for the identification, the development and the evaluation of agricultural production systems, techniques and policies. 相似文献
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《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(2):98-104
Predicting the logarithm of hexadecane/air partition coefficient (L) for organic compounds is crucial for understanding the environmental behavior and fate of organic compounds and developing prediction models with polyparameter linear free energy relationships. Herein, two quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) models were developed with 1272 L values for the organic compounds by using multiple linear regression (MLR) and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms. On the basis of the OECD principles, the goodness of fit, robustness and predictive ability for the developed models were evaluated. The SVM model was first developed, and the predictive capability for the SVM model is slightly better than that for the MLR model. The applicability domain (AD) of these two models has been extended to include more kinds of emerging pollutants, i.e., oraganosilicon compounds. The developed QSAR models can be used for predicting L values of various organic compounds. The van der Waals interactions between the organic compound and the hexadecane have a significant effect on the L value of the compound. These in silico models developed in current study can provide an alternative to experimental method for high-throughput obtaining L values of organic compounds. 相似文献
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Fernando Dias de Avila Pires 《环境科学学报(英文版)》1997,9(2):246-256
OntheecologyofvectorsFernandoDiasdeAvilaPiresDepartmentofTropicalMedicine,InstitutoOswaldoCruz,21045900RiodeJaneir,BrazilAb... 相似文献
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为实现城市降雨径流污染有效预测,以文献中的实测数据作为样本,选取雨型、平均雨强、峰值雨强、降雨历时、雨前干期、大气降尘量、PM 10、车流量、路面材料及城市功能区等10项影响因子作为模型输入量,选取径流污染指标COD的场次降雨平均浓度EMC及初期冲刷指数FF30作为模型输出量,基于支持向量机(SVM)构建了城市道路径流污染预测模型。结果表明:EMC-SVM及FF30-SVM模型均具有较高的预测精度,EMC-SVM模型校验参数RMSE、MBE远小于数据集EMC均值,CE、CC达到0.815及0.933;FF30-SVM模型校验参数RMSE、MBE远小于数据集FF30均值,CE、CC分别为0.866及0.932;选用径向基函数(RBF)作为核函数,使用k折交叉验证法对模型参数进行寻优,对于EMC-SVM及FF30-SVM模型寻得的最优参数(c,g)分别为(64.0,0.001953125)、(2.0,0.0625)。 相似文献
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