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61.
应用环境地质、农业地质理论,对贵州省六盘水地区马铃薯种植区带开展地球化学调查研究,通过对调查区域的岩石、原生土、耕作土和马铃薯的采样、检测和统计分析,结果表明:岩石和原生土、原生土和耕作土、耕作土和马铃薯三者之间的各种元素含量丰缺具有相关关系,由此提出石炭系分布的新营、把士寨、粮蕨坝等区域适合马铃薯规模化种植;水城玉舍、水城大房子、盘县洒基、盘县上纸厂玄武岩分布区适合马铃薯规模化种植;二叠系碎屑岩分布区煤冲等地适合马铃薯规模化种植;盘县平关彭家屯侏罗系紫红色泥岩分布区也适合马铃薯规模化种植。水城小田坝、水城海坪和甘塘等二叠系茅口灰岩分布区域不适合马铃薯规模种植。 相似文献
62.
氨(NH3)挥发是农业生态系统氮肥损失的重要途经,然而,北方干旱半干旱地区水肥耦合马铃薯田土壤NH3挥发规律缺少数据支撑.该研究利用通气法田间原位观测我国西北滴灌水肥一体化和传统沟灌施肥马铃薯田水肥耦合土壤NH3挥发特征,设置滴灌施肥500 kg·hm-2(DDF)、滴灌施肥1000 kg·hm-2(DGF)、滴灌不施肥(DCK)、沟灌施肥500 kg·hm-2(FDF)、沟灌施肥1000 kg·hm-2(FGF)、沟灌不施肥(FCK)6个处理.结果表明,NH3挥发速率峰值出现在施用氮肥后1—2周,不同水肥处理土壤NH3挥发存在显著差异(P<0.01).2018年DDF、DGF、DCK、FDF、FGF、FCK土壤NH3累积挥发量分别为21.50、28.14、7.20、37.06、66.25、11.88 kg·hm-2;2019年,分别为9.42、15.25、7.24、34.73、76.81、8.56 kg·hm-2.2018年和2019年,沟灌FDF处理的NH3挥发损失率分别是滴灌DDF处理的1.76倍和11.89倍;沟灌FGF处理分别是滴灌DGF的2.60倍和8.54倍.滴灌DGF处理NH3挥发强度比滴灌DDF处理分别增加27.03%和52.94%,沟灌FGF处理比沟灌FDF处理分别增加76.04%和118.37%.随施肥量增加,传统沟灌马铃薯田土壤NH3挥发损失率和NH3挥发强度的增量高于滴灌水肥一体化模式.NH3挥发速率与土壤体积含水量、NH4+-N和NO3--N呈极显著相关(P<0.01).和传统沟灌比较,滴灌水肥一体化技术降低马铃薯田土壤NH3挥发损失率,减轻NH3挥发强度,提高马铃薯水肥利用率,减轻环境污染. 相似文献
63.
F.I.Y. Mostafa I.Y. Mostafa M.A.S. Aly Laila M. Afifi 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(6):1241-1251
Abstract Potato tubers were applied with radiolabelled lindane (U‐14C γ‐ 1,2,3,4,5,6 hexachlorocyclohexane) at three dose levels 30, 150, and 300 ppm and stored for 30, 60 and 90 days at room temperature. The data revealed that lindane penetrated into the pulp tissues through the epidermal layer. The amounts recovered in the peel were found to increase with a greater storage period up to 60 days followed by a drop at 90 days. On the other hand, there was a slight increase in radioactivity in the pulp tissue from 30 to 60 days followed by significant increase after 90 days. The incorporation of the compound in the tubers was dose independent. Methanol extraction showed binding of about 8.1% and 5.8% ofthe applied dose in peel and pulp tissues, respectively. The insecticide was found to be bioavailable when rats health hazard. It is therefore, desirable to demonstrate that the quantity of the terminal residues may be safe for the consumer. In the present investigation an attempt was made to determine the fate and bioavailability of lindane when applied to stored potato tubers. 相似文献
64.
65.
Przemys?aw?Siemion Jolanta?Jab?ońska Janusz?Kapu?niak Jacek?J.?Kozio?Email author 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2004,12(4):247-255
Reaction of granular potato starch with urea and biuret resulted in the formation of products, which were soluble neither in cold nor boiling water. The net reaction was a monosubstitution of the hydrogen atom in one hydroxyl group in each D-glucose unit of starch with the either CO–NH2 or CO–NH–CO–NH2 moiety, respectively. Properties of the products, particularly these with urea, depended on the mode of reaction. Reactions were carried out in the microwave oven as well as with convection heating. The products retained the granular form of starch but a vast majority of granules were damaged. -Amylolysis of those materials revealed that their susceptibility to the enzyme increasing in the order: starch-amylolysis with simultaneous insolubility in water make these products suitable as ruminant fodder and, eventually, biodegradable material. 相似文献
66.
瞬时表达比较马铃薯X病毒CP基因3种结构对RNA沉默的诱导效果 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
RNA沉默是植物抵御病毒侵染的一种防卫机制,病原来源的抗性(pathogen-derived resistance,PDR)被认为是通过RNA沉默起作用的.转化的核酸片段在基因组中的位置、长短和不同排列结构等均影响RNA沉默的效率.用全长马铃薯X病毒(PVX)CP基因构建非翻译的正义、反义和反向重复结构转基因的植物表达载体,通过农杆菌渗入法瞬时表达测试了这些转基因对RNA介导抗性的诱导效率和有效性.结果表明,反向重复的PVXCP是更为有效的RNA沉默诱导因子,同时也证明让目的基因在受试植物中瞬时表达,在转化植物之前能比较快速地检测转基因的表达情况以及表达产物的功能,从而节约时间和资源,并减少盲目性.图3表2参21 相似文献
67.
68.
Dickens JC 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2007,94(10):847-852
Chemical signals emitted by insects and their hosts are important for sexual communication and host selection. Plant volatiles
facilitate the location of suitable hosts for feeding and oviposition, and may moderate responses to sex and aggregation pheromones.
While mating has been shown to moderate behavioral responses to pheromones in a number of insects, little is known about the
effects of mating on behavioral responses of insects to plant attractants, and even less is known about the mechanisms involved.
In this study, mating was shown to decrease behavioral responses of the Colorado potato beetle to a host kairomone within
24 h, and attraction to the kairomone recovers only after 72 h. This decrease in responsiveness also occurs when only contact
with the opposite sex is allowed; the effect is not observed with contact among individuals of the same sex. Peripheral olfactory
responses to a component of the kairomone correlate with the observed behavioral responses and suggest involvement of antennal
receptors in the behavioral change. 相似文献
69.
为了预防甘薯粉尘爆炸事故的发生,本文研究点火延迟时间对甘薯粉尘爆炸的影响规律,利用20 L球形爆炸仪研究甘薯粉尘的爆炸特性及其在200 g/m3,500 g/m3和800 g/m3质量浓度下通过改变点火延迟时间的爆炸规律。结果表明:粉尘的最佳点火延迟时间与浓度有关,在该点火时间下所测得的最大爆炸压力均高于在固定点火延迟时间下的测量值,60 ms的固定点火延迟时间不适用于甘薯粉尘爆炸测试。 相似文献
70.