从标准化建设后评估看基层环境监测站的发展

以江阴市环境监测站标准化建设后评估工作为例,介绍了近年来苏南地区县级环境监测站的发展状况,指出了影响基层环境监测站发展的一些问题,并就相关对策进行探讨。     

Short-term Model of the Production of Construction Aggregates in Taiwan Based on Artificial Neural Networks

BACKGROUND: Taiwan's geography and limited stock of sandstone have caused sandstone resources to gradually decline to the point of exhaustion after long-term excavation. Moreover, the Taiwanese government has continuously increased the amount of land area near rivers that cannot be excavated to facilitate riverbed remediation and promote conservation of water resources. Accordingly, predicting and managing the annual production of construction aggregates in future construction projects, and dealing appropriately with some thorny problems, for instance, demand that excess supply, excessive excavation, unregulated excavation, and the consequent environmental damage, will significantly affect the efficient use of natural resources in a manner that accords with the national policy of Sustainable Development (SD). METHODS:. This study establishes an empirical model for forecasting the annual production of future construction aggregates using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), based on 15 relevant socio-economic indicators, such as indicator of annual consumption of cement. A sensitivity analysis is then performed on these indicators. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: This work applies ANN to estimate the annual production of construction aggregates; the estimates, the verification of the model and the sensitivity analysis are all acceptable. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis results indicate that the annual consumption of cement is the indicator that most strongly influences the production of construction aggregates, as well as whether construction waste can be recycled and steel structures can be used in buildings, helping to reduce the future production of construction aggregates in Taiwan. CONCLUSIONS: The elaborate prediction methodology presented in this study avoids some of the weaknesses or limitations of conventional linear statistics, linear programming or system dynamics. Additionally, the results not only provide a short-term prediction of the production of construction aggregates in Taiwan, but also provide a viable and flexible means of verifying quality certification of the production data of construction aggregates in the future by incorporating those relevant socio-economic indicators. RECOMMENDATIONS AND OUTLOOK: The continuity and quality of the database of relevant indicators used in this study should be closely scrutinized in order to ensure the SD means of exploiting resources.     

The functional organization of resin work in honeybee colonies

Resin is an important building material in the nests of honeybees, but little is known about how it is handled within the nest and how its collection is controlled. We studied the functional organization of resin work to better understand how a colony adaptively controls its intake of resin. Two hypotheses have been proposed for how resin collectors stay informed of the need for additional resin: (1) the unloading difficulty hypothesis (resin need is sensed indirectly by the unloading delay) and (2) the caulking activity hypothesis (resin need is sensed directly while engaged in using resin). A falsifiable prediction of the latter hypothesis, but not of the former, is that resin collectors not only gather resin outside the hive but also regularly handle resin inside the hive (taking it from other bees and using it to caulk crevices). Consistent with this prediction are our findings that in the resin sector of a colony’s economy, unlike in the pollen, nectar, and water sectors, there is no strict division of labor between the collectors and the users of a material. Over the course of a day, bees seen collecting resin were also commonly seen using resin. Moreover, we found that the unloading locations of resin collectors are unlike those of water and nectar collectors, being deep inside the hive (at the sites of resin use) rather than at the hive entrance. This arrangement facilitates the engagement in resin use by resin collectors. We conclude that the caulking activity hypothesis is well-supported, but that the unloading difficulty hypothesis also remains viable, for we found that resin collectors experience variable delays in getting rid of their loads, from less than 15 min to more than an hour, consistent with this hypothesis. The stage is now set for experimental tests of these two hypotheses. Both may be correct, which if true will imply that social insect workers, despite their small brains, can acquire and integrate information from multiple sources to improve their knowledge of conditions within the colony.     

粘贴碳纤维布在钢筋混凝土梁加固中的应用

介绍了采用碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土框架梁正截面、斜截面的设计计算及施工步骤,为了验证加固效果,对加固后的钢筋混凝土梁进行了现场静载检测,结果表明:该加固方案切实有效.图4,表2,参6.     

Automatic construction of concept hierarchies: The case of foliage-dwelling spiders

In this paper, we present the hierarchical variable dependencies that were obtained from raw data with the use of two machine learning techniques on an ecological data set. The data set contains features of field margins and the corresponding number of spider species inhabiting them. This data set was used before by domain experts to construct a fuzzy qualitative model with hierarchical variable dependencies, which we use for comparison with our results. One of the machine learning methods constructs a hierarchical structure similar to the one in the experts’ model, while revealing some additional interesting relations of environmental features with respect to the number of spider species. The other method constructs a different hierarchy from the one proposed by the experts, which, according to our classification performance experiments, might be even more appropriate.     

试论企业文化建设在我国旅游企业中的现状与作用

随着社会的进步和生产力的发展，企业文化作为一种新的管理理念逐渐被人们所接受并越来越受到许多企业家的青睐，本文首先从企业文化中的概念入手，简单阐述企业文化的核心和根本，然后重点分析企业文化在我国旅游企业中的现状和建设过程中存在的问题、原因以及加强企业文化建设的若干对策，最后总结出企业文化的作用．     

客土喷播-高速公路边坡绿化防护新技术

客土喷播是高速公路边坡绿化防护的一门新技术，本文以探索其生态效益、经济效益及社会效益为目的，着重阐述了客士喷播的工程技术、工艺流程、施工过程及方案，并通过试点工程试验结果，证实了该项技术的可行性和优越性．     

桩基施工的安全隐患及预防控制措施

分析了目前全国桩基机械施工的现状、特点以及施工中一般常见的安全事故，并结合工作实际，从人、物、环境三个方面详细阐述了在桩基施工中存在的安全隐患。提出了应该采取的预防控制措施。     

Nature reserve construction and its contribution to the biodiversity conservation in China mainland

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高职高专院校教学质量监控体系探析

伴随着高等教育大众化的进程,高等职业教育正在实现跨越式的发展。在此形势下,如何确保“规模与质量”、“效益与效率”的同步提高已经日益成为国家和社会关注的焦点。构建一套科学完备、可操作性强的教学质量监控体系无疑是保证人才培养质量的重要条件。本文旨在对高职高专院校学校层面的教学质量监控体系的构建和实施进行初步探讨。