自制ZSM-5分子筛对甲苯气体的吸附-脱附性能

考察了自制ZSM-5分子筛对甲苯气体的吸附-脱附性能,并与市售MCM-22分子筛进行了对比实验。实验结果表明:在吸附温度为25℃、进口甲苯质量浓度为840mg/m3、吸附气体流速为0.016m/s、床层高度为15cm的条件下,出口甲苯质量浓度达到0.8mg/m3时的穿透时间为82min,吸附效率为4.26mg/g;在脱附温度为80℃、脱附气体流速为0.016m/s的条件下,脱附35min时出口甲苯质量浓度达到最大,为1220mg/m3。自制ZSM-5分子筛的吸附-脱附性能优于市售MCM-22分子筛。     

Bio-removal of mixture of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes/total petroleum hydrocarbons/trichloroethylene from contaminated water

Four pure cultures were isolated from soil samples potentially contaminated with gasoline compounds either at a construction site near a gas station in Fai Chi Kei, Macau SAR or in the northern parts of China (Beijing, and Hebei and Shandong). The e ects of di erent concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and three isomers (ortho-, meta-, and para-) of xylene (BTEX), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), and trichloroethylene (TCE), when they were present in mixtures, on the bio-removal e ciencies of microbial isolates were investigated, together with their interactions during the bio-removal process. When the isolates were tested for the BTEX (50–350 mg/L)/TPH (2000 mg/L) mixture, BTEoX in BTEoX/TPH mixture was shown with higher bio-removal e ciencies, while BTEmX in BTEmX/TPH mixture was shown with the lowest, regardless of isolates. The TPH in BTEmX/TPH mixture, on the other hand, were generally shown with higher bio-removal e ciencies compared to when TPH mixed with BTEoX and BTEpX. When these BTEX mixtures (at 350 mg/L) were present with TCE (5–50 mg/L), the stimulatory e ect of TCE toward BTEoX bio-removal was observed for BTEoX/TCE mixture, while the inhibitory e ect of TCE toward BTEmX for BTEmX/TCE mixture. The bio-removal e ciency for TPH was shown lower in TPH (2000 mg/L)/TCE (5–50 mg/L) mixtures compared to TPH present alone, implying the inhibitory e ect of TCE toward TPH bio-removal. For the mixture of BTEX (417 mg/L), TPH (2000 mg/L) along with TCE (5– 50 mg/L), TCE was shown co-metabolically removed more e ciently at 15 mg/L, probably utilizing BTEX and/or TPH as primary substrates.     

气相抽提法(SVE)去除土壤中挥发性有机污染物的实验研究

研究了土柱直径、土壤粒径和不同污染物等对模拟SVE通风效率的影响.以苯、甲苯、乙苯、正丙苯为污染物进行的实验结果表明,柱底面积/装土高度(S/H)越大,去除率越高.不同粒径受甲苯、乙苯、正丙苯污染的土壤进行的实验结果表明,当土壤粒径由10目变为20～40目后,SVE通风效率降低,污染物去除难度增大.受苯、甲苯、乙苯污染...     

Size distribution and chemical composition of secondary organic aerosol formed from Cl-initiated oxidation of toluene

Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formed from Cl-initiated oxidation of toluene was investigated in a home-made smog chamber. The size distribution and chemical composition of SOA particles were measured using aerodynamic particle sizer spectrometer and the aerosol laser time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ALTOFMS), respectively. According to a large number of single aerosol diameter and mass spectra, the size distribution and chemical composition of SOA were obtained statistically. Experimental results showed that SOA particles created by Cl-initiated oxidation of toluene is predominantly in the form of fine particles, which have diameters less than 2.5 m (i.e., PM2.5), and glyoxal, benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, benzoquinone, benzoic acid, benzyl hydroperoxide and benzyl methyl nitrate are the major products components in the SOA. The possible reaction mechanisms leading to these products are also proposed.     

CuO/zeolite catalyzed oxidation of gaseous toluene under microwave heating

The development of a combined process of catalytic oxidation and microwave heating for treatment of toluene waste gas was described in this work. Toluene, a typical toxic volatile organic compound, was oxidized through a fixed bed reaction chamber containing zeolite-supported copper oxide (CuO/zeolite) catalyst mixed with silicon carbide (SiC), an excellent microwave-absorbing material. The target compound was efficiently degraded on the surface of the catalyst at high reaction temperature achieved by microwave-heated SiC. A set of experimental parameters, such as microwave power, air flow and the loading size of CuO etc., were investigated, respectively. The study demonstrated these parameters had critical impact on toluene degradation. Under optimal condition, 92% toluene was removed by this combined process, corresponding to an 80%–90% TOC removal rate. Furthermore, the catalyst was highly stable even after eight consecutive 6-h runs. At last, a hypothetical degradation pathway of toluene was proposed based on the experimental data obtained from gas chromatography-mass spectrum and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses.     

日照市夏季VOCs物种空间分布特征及其对臭氧生成的影响

2020年8月22～ 29日期间利用便携式声表面波气相色谱仪(GC-SAW)对日照市区的主要企业源、居民源和道路开展了在线采样分析,获得了大气中多种挥发性有机物(VOCs)的空间分布特征,并对主要组分的化学反应活性进行研究.结果 表明,日照市碳原子大于5的VOCs(VOCC＞5)主要以甲苯、正丙苯和正辛烷为主,且空间分...     

有机沸石对水中BTEX及铬酸根离子的吸附

以天然沸石作为对比物 ,考察了有机沸石对水中BTEX (苯、甲苯、乙苯、二甲苯 )及铬酸根离子的吸附性能 .结果表明 :有机沸石对水中BTEX和铬酸根离子的吸附性能较天然沸石有了很大提高 ,在低质量浓度范围 ( 0— 0 2 5g·l- 1 )内呈现良好的线性关系 .对铬酸根离子的吸附符合Langmuir吸附模型 ,1 5℃时的饱和吸附容量为 1 5 97g·kg- 1 .     

直流电晕放电降解甲苯的特性研究

利用直流高压电晕产生的非平衡等离子体分解甲苯。考察了各种因素对甲苯降解效率的影响，并对降解机理进行分析。研究结果表明：放电时间的延长、放电电压的提高、适宜的相对湿度和较低甲苯的初始浓度都有利于提高甲苯的降解效率。     

微生物燃料电池表观内阻的构成和测量

将微生物燃料电池内部各种阻力用表观内阻统一表征,在建立其等效电路的基础上将表观内阻分为欧姆内阻和非欧姆内阻2部分.通过稳态放电法测量微生物燃料电池表观内阻,在改变外电阻后稳定时间需要60 s以上方能保证测定准确性,通过稳态放电法测定一室型微生物燃料电池的表观内阻为289 Ω,当外电阻等于表观内阻时微生物燃料电池对外输出功率达到最大,为241 mW/m²;通过电流中断法测量一室型微生物燃料电池的欧姆内阻为99 Ω,测定结果与断电前电流强度无关;当一室型微生物燃料电池对外供电分别处于活化极化区、欧姆极化区和浓差极化区时,非欧姆电阻占总内阻的比例分别为93％、66％和75％,在电池对外供电达到最大时非欧姆占总内阻比例最低.提高微生物燃料电池产电能力需要同时降低电池的欧姆内阻和非欧姆内阻.     

甲苯法生产己内酰胺废水治理技术探讨

简要介绍了甲苯法生产己内酰胺工艺的“废水”来源和废水处理工艺。