AA3流动注射仪快速测定地表水中的总氰化物

在反复实验的基础上建立了运用Bran+Luebbe AutoAnalyzer 3流动注射分析仪快速测定地表水中总氰化物的分析方法。结果表明,该方法与传统的分光光度法相比,具有自动进样、分析速度快、测定成本低等优点。与经典的分析方法相对照,结果无显著性差异,能够满足大批量地表水监测的要求。在测试系统中引入了恒温槽,进一步提高了测试的精密度和准确度。     

半干法烟气脱硫除尘多级功能处理装置技术与应用

文中介绍了一种炉窑烟气调质、烟气除尘、烟气脱硫在一个单体结构中的一体化装置和在烟气除尘脱硫技术上的应用,并对该脱硫除尘装置与传统的半干法烟气脱硫除尘装置进行了比较。     

江苏省污染减排与空气质量变化相关性分析

利用2000—2007年大气污染物排放量数据和同期环境空气质量监测数据,分析了江苏省主要大气污染物减排与环境空气质量变化的相关性。结果表明,近年来江苏省SO2排放量与环境空气中SO2浓度存在正相关,而烟尘和粉尘排放总量与空气中可吸入颗粒物的浓度呈现出弱的负相关关系。对江苏省经济发展和环境关系的进一步分析揭示,江苏省环境库兹涅茨曲线呈现出倒U型关系,表明江苏省已经进入经济环境双赢区间,但近年来政策对经济环境关系的影响突出。该研究对中国十二五环境管理政策的制定有着重要的参考意义。     

Environmental assessment of garden waste management in the Municipality of Aarhus, Denmark

An environmental assessment of six scenarios for handling of garden waste in the Municipality of Aarhus (Denmark) was performed from a life cycle perspective by means of the LCA-model EASEWASTE. In the first (baseline) scenario, the current garden waste management system based on windrow composting was assessed, while in the other five scenarios alternative solutions including incineration and home composting of fractions of the garden waste were evaluated. The environmental profile (normalised to Person Equivalent, PE) of the current garden waste management in Aarhus is in the order of −6 to 8 mPE Mg⁻¹ ww for the non-toxic categories and up to 100 mPE Mg⁻¹ ww for the toxic categories. The potential impacts on non-toxic categories are much smaller than what is found for other fractions of municipal solid waste. Incineration (up to 35% of the garden waste) and home composting (up to 18% of the garden waste) seem from an environmental point of view suitable for diverting waste away from the composting facility in order to increase its capacity. In particular the incineration of woody parts of the garden waste improved the environmental profile of the garden waste management significantly.     

燃煤电厂袋式除尘器滤料耐氧化性能试验研究

燃煤电厂锅炉烟气中含有SOx和NOx,会氧化腐蚀滤料。试验研究了燃煤电厂布袋除尘器滤料断裂强力与运行时间的关系。结果表明,滤料在酸性环境中会被氧化同时断裂强力下降,但断裂强力下降后均会出现反弹,后处理工艺可提高滤料的抗氧化性能,但会降低滤料的断裂强力。     

生物滴滤塔处理模拟甲硫醚废气

在常温条件下,采用生物滴滤塔处理模拟甲硫醚废气,考察了气体空床停留时间(EBRT)、容积负荷、喷淋密度及营养液pH对生物滴滤塔性能的影响。实验结果表明:当EBRT为90 s、进气甲硫醚质量浓度为150 mg/m~3、喷淋密度为0.65 m~3/(m~2·h),营养液pH为6.8时,甲硫醚去除率为90%;容积负荷高于15 g/(m~3·h)时,对生物滴滤塔的性能产生抑制作用;EBRT为90 s及60 s时,最佳喷淋密度分别为0.56~0.65 m~3/(m~2·h)及0.65~0.75 m~3/(m~2·h);降解甲硫醚的微生物对pH的变化较敏感,最适营养液pH为6~7。     

基于污染物排放许可的总量控制制度改革研究

污染物总量控制制度改革是基于排污许可制的环境管理制度体系改革的重点内容之一。文章分析了总量控制制度与排污许可证制度的关联关系,现有的排污行可证制度对总量控制制度融合的要求,从许可排放量确定、分配、实际排放量核算与核定等角度,深刻剖析了总量控制制度与排污许可证制度融合存在的技术和机制两大障碍。最后就污染物总量确定、许可排放量分配、实际排放量核算与责任机制等三方面为构建基于排污许可证的总量控制制度提出了改革思路和建议。     

A case study of an isolated wind powered electricity system meeting 100% of local demand

Using meteorological and electricity demand data for a 4-year period, electricity demand in Shetland was modeled to provide an estimate of the demand over a 30-year period from 1 January 1981. That modeled demand was then compared to estimated wind power output over the same period using the WAsP model. The wind farm output was estimated for a range of sizes of wind farm up to the consented 370 MW Viking Wind Farm in Shetland. Some wind power was available for 94% of the time and the 370 MW wind farm would meet 100% of demand for nearly 80% of the time. The statistics of single and accumulated deficits were calculated for a range of wind farms and estimates of the amount of additional generation capacity and additional power requirements were assessed. The study suggests that with storage, wind power in Shetland could meet all electricity demand in Shetland at around £130 to £150/MWh (excluding subsidy) and with a grid connection allowing the sale of excess power, those costs could be reduced.     

低压稳流过滤器的研制及在油田污水处理中的应用

为了解决大庆油田现有核桃壳、石英砂过滤器反冲洗憋压、跑料和滤料再生困难等问题,在对原有过滤装置分析的基础上,根据反冲洗特性,对过滤器进行了改造,开发出低压稳流核桃壳过滤器和低压稳流石英砂过滤器。经现场测试,核桃壳过滤器反冲洗压力由原来的0.15～0.5 MPa降低到0.03～0.08 MPa,石英砂过滤器反冲洗压力由原来的0.27～0.46 MPa降低到0.17～0.20 MPa,且均能实现罐群水反冲洗。改造后核桃壳过滤器出水油平均含量13.4 mg/L,平均去除率为78.1%;出水悬浮物平均含量20.5 mg/L,平均去除率为55%。改造后石英砂过滤器出水油平均含量5 mg/L以下,平均去除率达到75%以上;出水悬浮物平均含量为9.8 mg/L,去除率达到80%以上。为了进一步提高过滤效果,在二级滤前投加絮凝剂形成微絮凝过滤工艺,出水悬浮物可达到3 mg/L,通过两级过滤达到特低渗透地层回注水标准。     

红萍净化水产养殖水体的研究

利用红萍(Azolla)对富营养化水产养殖水体进行净化研究。结果表明,红萍能显著增加水体中的DO,增氧幅度随流量在16.88%～70.46%之间变化,随着养殖水体流经的层数增多或者处理的时间延长,红萍对水体的增氧量加大,水中DO最终趋向一个常数值K;同时,红萍对水体中的NH₃-N和TP都有明显的去除效果,NH₃-N去除率随流量在9.86%～38.90%间波动,TP的去除率则随流量的变化在5.80%～38.43%之间波动。可见,红萍是净化水质的良好材料,能有效改善水产养殖水环境。利用红萍净化水体将为解决高密度集约化水产养殖的瓶颈提供新途径,实现水产养殖用水的封闭循环利用。