基于改进相互作用矩阵的基坑施工安全风险评价

为解决现有基坑施工风险评价方法过于单一、客观性不足的问题，从勘察设计与监测、支护结构、土方施工、排水与降水、周围环境5个方面选取19个基坑施工安全影响因素；利用引入C-OWA算子的相互作用矩阵对其进行交互耦合分析，考虑各因素的单独作用效果的同时，在削弱专家主观偏好和综合考虑各因素相关性的基础上，研究其协同作用效果；最后用实例验证方法的实用性，结果表明:该项目整体风险偏高，其中排水系统能力、地下水水位和地下管线埋布是影响该基坑施工安全的主要风险因素，需重点防控。     

蛙跳算法优化的地下水质评价的参数化组合算子模型

传统的参数化多元组合算子模型在进行对数变换后,采用最小二乘法求解模型参数。在满足构建的优化目标函数条件下,直接用基于群集智能的混合蛙跳算法对参数化组合算子模型中的参数进行优化,避免了传统解法过程中需要进行的对数变换,因而使参数求解变得简化。改进后的参数化组合算子模型被应用于地下水水质评价,其评价结果与用其他多种方法的评价结果基本一致。从而表明:混合蛙跳算法优化得出的地下水水质评价参数化组合算子模型为地下水水质评价提供了一种简便和实用的新方法。     

数字化核电站SGTR事故操纵员认知分析

核电站主控室数字化后的人因特征包括数字化规程、警报系统、操作班组信息共享、界面管理任务,它们对操纵员认知可靠性都有重要影响。IDA认知模型把操纵员认知过程分为信息(Information)、诊断(Diagnosis)/决策(Decision)、执行(Action)3个阶段。按IDA模型把数字化核电站主控室操纵员SGTR事故认知过程分为3个阶段,对每个阶段进行操作分析,找到操纵员在SGTR事故认知过程各阶段最容易发生的失误和主要失误。操纵员认知失误发生的原因在于界面管理任务增大了认知难度以及数字化后缺乏情景意识等。     

珠江三角洲旅游城市一体化研究

文章通过对珠江三角洲城市旅游资源及其发展条件的剖析,就如何加快珠三角旅游业的发展速度,增强珠三角旅游业的发展后劲和促进珠三角可持续发展等问题,提出了珠江三角洲旅游城市一体化的战略思想。分析了有效推进珠三角旅游城市一体化的优势,提出了一系列切实可行的对策,指出旅游城市一体化不仅可以促进形成珠三角区域良性协调机制,实现区域经济优势互补,有利于城乡一体化和实现现代化,而且还可以提高珠三角在我国加入WTO以后的旅游竞争力和抗冲击能力。     

视屏作业人员作业工效学调查研究

以人类工效学原则为尺度，根据作业人员一般状况作业体位、人——机测量、劳动休息制度、劳动强度、工作环境……等几方面对视屏作业人员肌肉骨骼损伤的形成和特点，进行分析，结果表明过分低头、向前弯腰、向两侧弯腰、手抬高过肩和长期坐位等不良体位和作业姿势，是视屏作业人员出现肌肉骨骼损伤的重要因素     

STATE WATER QUALITY CONTROL PROGRAM IN ARIZONA1

ABSTRACT: Arizona's water pollution control program is based on authorties of Arizona Revised Statutes and Public Law 92–500, the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972. The primary areas of this program are monitoring, facility inspections, plan review, planning, discharge permits and grants for the construction of publicly-owned waste water treatment facilities. The discharge permit program deals with control of point-source discharges and is administered by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The planning and construction grants programs are administered by the State Water Quality Control Council and are implemented by the Bureau of Water Quality Control, which serves as staff to the Council. There are several challenges that face the State in this program. First is the adaptation of the “eastern law” to deal with Arizona's water quality problems. Second is to address problems caused by a long history of “laissez-faire” environmental quality management. Third is a mutual cooperation and coordination among the many entities involved in water resources management. Areas of particular interest in the State's program is the process setting water quality standards and the involvement of people of diversified backgrounds in the field of areawide planning under Section 208 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, which is primarily concerned with non-point sources of water pollution.     

旅游资源定量评价及其分级——以皖南地区为例

本文根据大量实地调查资料,以皖南地区为例,就旅游资源定量评价及分级研究的方法进行探索;同时较客观地揭示了皖南旅游资源的质量价值,为皖南旅游业的发展提供有益的参考。     

A semi-quantitative methodology for risk assessment of university chemical laboratory

University chemical laboratory is a high-risk place for teaching and scientific research due to the presence of various physical and chemical hazards. In recent years, university chemical laboratory accidents occur frequently. This urges the need to enhance university chemical lab safety. A semi-quantitative methodology comprising Matter-Element Extension Theory (MEET) implemented with Combination Ordered Weighted Averaging (C-OWA) operator is proposed to assess the risk of a university chemical laboratory. First, an index-based risk assessment system of university chemical laboratory is built by identifying various risk factors from a system perspective. Then, C-OWA operator is used to calculate the weight of assessment indices, whereas MEET is employed to determine the correlation degree of assessment indices. Finally, the comprehensive risk of university chemical laboratories is assessed, and some safety measures are proposed to reduce the risk of university chemical laboratories. The applicability of the proposed methodology is tested using a practical case. It is observed that the methodology can be a useful tool for risk assessment and management of university chemical laboratories.     

基于YOLOv3的电网作业人员安全帽佩戴检测

为了有效监测电网作业人员不规范佩戴安全帽行为,提出1种基于YOLOv3的电网作业现场安全帽佩戴检测方法.针对安全帽佩戴规范性问题,构建正确佩戴、不正确佩戴和未佩戴安全帽3种情况下的图像样本库;并利用该数据库对YOLOv3模型进行训练与测试,结合模型参数、样本比例及算法对比分析,开展电网作业人员安全帽佩戴检测算例.结果表...     

考虑人因可靠性的安全仪表功能SIL验证方法研究

油气站场一般设置有紧急停车系统（ESD）等存在操作员介入的非常规安全仪表功能（SIF）,为解决已有的安全完整性等级（SIL）评估方法不能针对此类SIF进行功能安全评价的情况。对存在操作员介入的非常规SIF进行研究,将其中的人为因素细分为观察、决策和执行3个阶段;根据各类人因可靠性分析方法优缺点,筛选CREAM和HCR方法分别分析紧急情景环境和应急响应时间对非常规SIF人因失效概率的影响,建立考虑人因可靠性的SIL验证模型;基于此模型选取某输油站典型SIF开展SIL评估,分析人因失效对SIF整体可靠性的影响水平,并提出改善措施。结果表明:将操作员应急响应过程中的人因失效概率引入传统的SIL验证模型中,可实现对非常规SIF的功能安全评价;人因失效对非常规SIF具有显著影响,筛选的人因可靠性模型可准确计算人因失效概率。