半城市化地区农村社会和空间变迁研究〖HT2”SS〗——以江苏省姜堰市城郊结合部为例

城市化的快速推进,在城市建成区边缘和资源禀赋条件较好的农村地区产生了大量半城市化地区。在城市化、工业化等多重影响下,半城市化地区经历着从单一农村社会向城乡多元社会的转变。以姜堰市城郊结合部为例,分析半城市化对农村地区社会和空间变化的影响。结果表明：半城市化地区就业结构和居民家庭收入来源的非农化水平不断提高,农业在就业结构和家庭收入来源中的重要性逐渐下降;空间结构和功能呈现出更多的城市特征,居住空间正在由传统的自然村落向城市社区过渡。同时,半城市化地区存在着土地利用混杂低效、基础设施和公共设施服务匮乏、原住居民就业和社保形势严峻等亟待破解的问题。最后,针对姜堰市城郊结合部现状提出建议,推进城市化的健康发展     

110离子交换树脂担载催化剂净化低浓度PH3

以110丙烯酸系阳离子交换树脂作为载体,Pd(Ⅱ)-Cu(Ⅱ)为主催化剂,制成担载型过渡金属催化剂。以N₂为载气,对反应温度、氧含量、催化剂用量3个因素进行催化氧化净化低浓度PH₃研究。实验结果表明,在氧含量为3.7%,温度为72℃时,催化剂的催化活性较高;PH₃净化效率随催化剂用量增大而提高。在优化后的实验条件下,考察催化剂以CO为载气时催化剂对PH₃的净化效率,虽然净化效果比以N₂为载气时差,但反应较稳定,持续时间较长,有较好的抗杂毒性,且催化剂具有再生性能。     

Resource and Environmental Issues in Transitional China： A Perspective from the Interaction Among Market, Government and Society

Along with the rapid growth of economy in the postreform period after 1979,China has faced severe problems of resource overusing and environmental degradation which would threaten the sustainable development of economy and society.This article explores an effective mechanism of managing resource and environment in China.It examines some major resource and environmental issues,and constructs a framework of institution innovation to cover three sectors(government,market and society).In addition,the article analyzes their experience and evaluation in resource management and environmental conservation during the transitional period.We argue that the combination of market regulation,government intervention and public participation is an effective way of allocating resource and protecting environment.Some suggestions are put forward to balance the relationship between them,including coordinating role of government and market,building platform for market operation and creating an atmosphere of public participation.     

兴化市小城镇土地集约利用综合评价研究

小城镇是我国城镇体系的重要组成部分,促进小城镇土地集约利用不仅是缓解当前小城镇发展中存在问题的关键举措,也是推动小城镇健康发展的重要途径。在借鉴城市土地集约利用研究的基础上,分析了小城镇土地集约利用的内涵,构建了小城镇土地集约利用综合评价指标体系,并基于因子分析法分析了江苏省兴化市小城镇土地集约利用水平及其影响因素。结果表明：兴化市城镇土地集约利用水平分为高水平、较高水平、中等水平、低水平和不集约5类,从市域范围看城镇土地集约利用水平整体上从南向北递减,分别形成以戴南镇、昭阳镇和戴窑镇为中心向外围递减的空间格局;进一步分析土地集约利用影响因素基础上,根据各因素对城镇土地集约利用的制约程度,将小城镇划分为土地利用效益制约型、土地利用程度制约型、城镇基础设施制约型和城镇土地可持续利用制约型4种类型,并据此提出针对性的对策措施.     

Governance experiments in climate action: empirical findings from the 28 European Union countries

Climate targets call for novel policy measures to facilitate widespread adoption of low-carbon solutions and innovations. The literature on socio-technical systems argues that experimentation has a prominent role in enabling sustainability transition. Experiments represent ways of testing new ideas and methods across a wide range of policy fields. Governance experiments in particular can support accelerated diffusion of new solutions, because they integrate policy with innovations. Here, types of success factors in the implementation of governance experiments to mitigate climate change are examined. Statistical analysis of sustainability innovations in the 28 European Union countries indicates that the types of success factors in governance experiments differ from those of product and social experiments. Governance experimentation is more positioned within socio-technical regimes than in strategic niches. These results suggest that governance experiments may indeed provide new transition opportunities towards low-carbon societies.     

环境监测转型发展现状分析

文章从监测网络体系、监测技术研究创新体系、监测仪器装备以及人才体系等四个方面,总结了环境监测站转型发展以来技术支撑能力建设取得的阶段性成果。并提出今后应进一步加强实验室建设和监测技术研究,围绕大气、水、土壤环境污染防治等重点工作提供技术支撑。     

碳市场对能源结构低碳转型的影响及作用路径

选取中国2000～2018年30个省市的面板数据,构建了能源消费结构低碳化指数,基于多期双重差分、三重差分等方法实证检验碳交易政策与能源消费结构低碳转型之间的关系及异质性影响,并进一步利用多重中介效应模型探讨碳交易政策推动地区能源消费结构低碳转型的作用路径.结果表明:碳交易政策可以显著提升地区能源消费结构低碳化水平且作用效果逐年增强.从作用路径看,“四大效应”激励作用彰显,作用效果由大到小依次为结构优化效应、行为驱动效应、生态创新效应和环保支出效应;从异质性影响看,GDP增速较慢地区的政策实施加快了能源消费结构低碳转型,影响明显高于GDP增速较快地区;碳交易政策对东部地区的正向推动效应显著,对中西部地区无明显促进作用.     

黄磷尾气中PH3液相催化净化研究

以Mn（Ⅱ）与Pd（Ⅱ）为催化剂的吸收净化溶液对黄磷尾气中的PH3进行了液相催化氧化研究。考察了混合气中02浓度、温度、入口PH3浓度、气体流量和吸收液pH变化与磷化氢净化效率曲线的关系。实验结果表明：混合气中较佳的氧含量为5％;在20℃至75℃范围内,低温对催化净化有利,较适宜的反应温度为20℃;较低的PH3入口浓度和低气速均有利于对PH3的净化;吸收液较高的pH有利于吸收液中催化剂催化效能的发挥。吸收液对PH3的净化效率可达100％,但因吸收液中的金属离子易与PH3产生的PO4^3-形成沉淀,使金属离子脱离液相催化氧化系统,吸收液失效较快。     

Population and Environment： Necessary Transition Initiatives for Developing Countries

Now environment is an important topic in academic field. Many researches focus on the negative outcomes of nature which are being continually created by human and much attention has been paid to how the environment is protected through integrated research, movement and policy. But few studies are concentrated on population and environment and are to find out the interconnectivity and underlying mechanism that have an effect on people＇s preferring additional children and perception to environment. Many researchers claim that population growth is a great problem for environment but they do not provide the indepth integrated knowledge and mechanism that influence fertility trend and environmental problems. It is very crucial to develop practical and concrete initiatives to confirm a transition to reduce population growth and redirect the perception on population and environment.