城市空间结构生态化基本原理研究

本文在论述生态化研究在全球经济、社会与城市等领域的普遍性和城市空间结构生态化的涵义及其研究的重要性的基础上，从空间结构状态原理、空间结构效率原理、空间结构关系原理、空间结构发展原理四个方面阐述了城市空间结构生态化的基本原理。     

Ecological analysis of disturbed riverbanks in the Montréal area of Québec

In revegetation trials on disturbed riverbank sites in the Montréal region (Québec, Canada), an analysis of their structure by means of their biotic and abiotic components was undertaken. Vegetation sampling and physical surveys, together with soil analyses of 62 stands, grouped in 20 sectors, were carried out in the summer of 1986. The statistical analyses of biotic and abiotic data were executed in parallel by a hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (arithmetic average clustering) and by an ordination in reduced space (principal coordinate analysis). The species colonizing these riverbanks are, for the most part, ruderals from the Montréal region, of which more than 50% are introduced species. The pioneering communities characterizing these artificial habitats have had very little impact on the physical conditions of their environment; therefore, the ordination on the plant communities proves to be strongly correlated to the ordination stemming from the abiotic components. The statistical analysis retains the original sectors, underlining the fact that each human intervention generally results in the creation of a particular ecological situation.     

城市可持续发展的综合评价

本文从可持续发展概念出发，建立了城市的发展持续度、发展协调度和发展水平综合评价的指标体系，应用模糊综合评价法和层次分析法，对乌鲁木齐市、新疆、全国城市可持续发展进行了定量评价，并确定了可持续发展目标伍，为城市可持续发展评价理论研究提供了科学依据。     

Behaviour of Chemical Elements in Plants and Soils

Neutron activation analysis was used for the determination of the elemental composition of different plants and soils. Variations in concentrations of elements during the day were found. Mean concentrations, standard deviations and relationships between elements in soils and different parts of plants were studied. It was shown that the behaviour of chemical elements in samples from urban and unpolluted areas have significant differences.     

Heavy Metals in Epiphytic Mosses: An Experience in Florence

The epiphytic moss Hypnum cupressiforme has been used for passive monitoring of airborne heavy metals pollution by vehicular traffic in the urban area of Florence. Lead, cadmium, zinc and copper were determined by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). in the summer of 1993 about 30 samples were collected from the trunks of holm oak at the same height (1 metre) from the soil. Lead contents fall within the range of 0.02-1.08 μ moles g^-1 (dry weight) and for this metal, the emission source may be attributed mainly to vehicular traffic in poorly industrialized urban areas. Some evaluations have been carried out about the employment of Zn/Pb molar ratio for characterizing airborne pollution in urban areas.     

论人口容量与资源环境

本文在揭示人口容量拓扑空间结构的基础上,提出了第一性生产力的人口承载模型和未来世界人口的可容规模。并从生态均衡角度,探讨了人口合理容量的概念及其同消费水平和社会财富分配之间的依附机理。     

An interactive simulation model of urban ecosystem and its implementation

An interactive simulation model is established based on the methodology of "sensitivity model" (SM) during the cooperative research process between the founders of SM and the authors. And the conceptual framework of SM is developed into the interactively qualitative and quantitative simulation model presented in this paper, which makes it possible to break down a complex urban ecosystem into simple and visual quantitative or qualitative relationships between the factors. By studying the dynamic responses of the system to the changes of the inputs and parameters of the model, future trends in urban development can be predicted and strategies formulated. The whole process is realized on micro-computer in the course of man-computer interaction. Its potential use is shown in a case of Tianjin City.     

成都市汽车排放物污染及其治理措施

本文从成都市的地形、气候、道路和车辆状况出发,论述了汽车排放物污染及其对人体健康和大气环境的影响。针对汽车排放物污染的治理,文章提出必须及早制定出适合本市具体情况的治理方案,加强对在用车的技术改造。文章还就城市道路建设及交通管理提出了一些建设性意见。     

城市内河环境综合整治工程环境影响评价探讨

以南宁市竹排冲环境综合整治工程为例,探讨此类建设项目中施工扬尘、噪声、固废物处置及水土流失、底泥疏浚与处置的环境影响评价要点;针对项目施工期的环境影响和营运期对河流生态系统的影响,提出切实可行的环保措施和建议。     

应用BP神经网络预测城市需水量的探析

在对辽宁省营口市城市需水量预测中，采用BP人工神经网络方法对该市人均综合用水量进行预测。进而预测出城市需水量，取得了满意效果。从精度检验、数据类比和趋势分析等角度，论证了此种预测方法的可行性和有效性。