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531.
中国城市生活垃圾处理现状及发展建议 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对不同发达国家城市生活垃圾处理方式的研究,发现并不是所有发达国家城市生活垃圾处理都是以焚烧方式为主,垃圾焚烧处理的比例与国家的发达程度并没有完全的对应关系,而是与国家或地区的土地资源的紧缺程度关系较大。土地资源的紧缺程度以人口密度表示,定量研究了发达国家垃圾处理方式与人口密度的关系,结合中国各省份(除特别行政区和台湾地区外)的人口密度、垃圾处理现状,对各地区的垃圾处理方式提出建议,应因地制宜地调整城市生活垃圾处理方式的应用比例,以利于更好地解决中国城市生活垃圾的处理难题。 相似文献
532.
533.
The high chromium concentrations in tannery-wastewater treatment-plant sludges, render them unsuitable for direct disposal. Therefore, one aims to fix the chromium of the tannery waste by adding different additive materials to cause solidification. The properties of the raw sludge were determined and subsequently, the sludge was mixed with cement and additives and left to solidify for 28 days. During the study, 28 different mixtures were prepared and their compressive strengths were determined. Standard elutriation tests were carried out with each solidified sample. Compressive strengths were obtained below the desired concrete strengths. Most of the pollutant parameters in eluate were under the required values. 相似文献
534.
Edeltrauda Helios Rybicka Michael Jefferson Wilson 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2000,7(1):7-13
The examinations of selected wastes and stream sediments from the vicinity of a chemical plant by sequential extraction procedures
and direct methods, SEM/EDX and XRD, were carried out in order to identify the different forms of chromium, particularly as
they are released to potential mobility. The results show that the top and bottom waste samples contain 37,756 and 53,650
μg g1 Cr, respectively, but about 7% and 2% of the total chromium type Cr(VI). The chemical extraction results show that the mobility
of Cr in the upper part of the waste pile is significantly higher than in the bottom section; the exchangeable form of Cr
accounts for 25% and < 1%, respectively, the last one irrespective of redox conditions. About 50% of Cr is associated with
the reducible fraction of the top waste, and similar with the residual fraction in the bottom waste. Oxidation of the bottom
waste shift some portion of Cr from residual to the moderately reducible fraction. The major Cr-forms in the river sediments
are compounded with Fe-oxides. The < 2 μm size fraction of the selected sediment sample, particular enriched in chromium contained
up to 73,000 μg g1 Cr with about 95% of this in the moderately reducible fraction, predominantly bound with oxyhydroxides. SEM/EDX and XRD analysis
of wastes and river sediment indicate that the main insoluble Cr-phase is ferroan — (Mg, Fe) (Cr, Al)2O4 which would be dissolved mainly in the residual fraction. 相似文献
535.
536.
John T. Turk 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1982,18(1):75-80
ABSTRACT: Water samples collected from 14 underground coal mines in Colorado were analyzed for major dissolved constituents. The data indicate the water quality of 13 of the samples has developed by the interaction of calcite saturated ground water with sodium rich marine shales. Those samples that displayed evidence of being most completely reacted were composed almost entirely of sodium and bicarbonate ions and had a calcium to sodium activity ratio of 0.16, similar to that of seawater. The one sample that was not saturated with respect to calcite was saturated with respect to gypsum. The dissolved solids concentration attainable by dissolution of gypsum is much less than that attainable by the calcite marine shale equilibration, or approximately 2,500 milligrams per liter. By considering the maximum predicted concentrations of dissolved solids in relation to promulgated water quality criteria, it is possible to predict the hazards of reuse of this mine drainage. The primary problems would be damage or destruction of crops if the drainage water was used for irrigation. In addition, some samples contained concentrations of chloride and sulfate in excess of recommended standards for public water supplies. 相似文献
537.
Edward Sierra Ashok N. Shahane Jose T. Villate 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1981,17(2):190-196
ABSTRACT: Waste waters from various operations at the Miami International Airport are characterized. Servicing, maintenance, overhauling, and washing of aircraft seem to be the most significant waste water producing operations. Pollutional constitutents commonly found in the airport wastes include acids, alkalis, detergents, oil, grease, and oxygen demanding substances. Phenols are of concern when stripping and repainting operations occur. Although most airport wastes may be treatable, a great reduction in influent load can be achieved by proper housekeeping methods. 相似文献
538.
Zafer Yazicigil Gulnare Ahmetli Huseyin Kara Ahmet Kocak 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2006,14(4):353-357
In this study, the waste products of industrial vegetable oil refinement were transformed into the glycidyl ester for preventing the effects of them to the environment, the ways for evaluating them in polymer chemistry were investigated, copolymers having high adhesion property and strength to the thermal destruction were synthesized and the area of their usage was determined. For this reason, the waste product of sunflower oil refination as a vegetable oil in the industry; soap stock (SS) was converted to the unsaturated glycidyl esters by the interaction with epichlorohidrine in the alkaline medium. After that the copolymerization of synthesized unsaturated glycidyl esters and the other waste product of oil refinement fatty acid (FA) with styrene in the radicalic initiator medium were investigated and copolymers that have high strength to the thermal destruction and adhesion property were synthesized. From the results of TGA and DTA analysis, it was determined that synthesized copolymers have low loss of weight at high temperature. The structures of copolymers were fixed by spectral and chemical analysis methods. 相似文献
539.
荆州市城市生活垃圾分类收集调查 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
围绕荆州市城市生活垃圾分类收集问题展开了社会调查。结果表明,居民主要通过电视和报纸了解垃圾分类政策,中等收入人群更关注垃圾分类,市民的环境意识非常强,超过70%的市民有垃圾分类的习惯并支持垃圾分类收集,大部分市民能接受的分类方式是可回收和不可回收分类方式,有近28%的居民对垃圾减量化认识不够,65.2%的居民能理解个人承担部分垃圾处理费用的必要性。论文还提出了相应的改进意见和解决办法,为生活垃圾分类收集在全国的推广提供了依据。 相似文献
540.
以三峡库区坝前水位135~175m范围的生活垃圾为研究对象,调查分析了其堆存量、空间分布和理化特性;通过污染物溶出动态模拟和放大实验研究,估算了生活垃圾中有机污染物的溶出源强,并运用河流岸边稳态衰减模式计算了不同处置方案对库区水质的影响程度.针对基准方案和135m蓄水期处置方案,分别对库区局部河段水质和干流水质的影响进行了分析比较.结果表明,若采用基准方案,即将淹没区内约600×104t的生活垃圾就地处置,淹没于水中,将会对库区水质安全构成较大的威胁;若采用135m蓄水期处置方案,则水体中CODcr值增加不超过0.03mg·L-1,对库区干流水质的影响较小. 相似文献