Protective effect of weak pulsed magnetic fields on early ontogeny of tugun Coregonus tugun (Pallas) under conditions of chronic oil pollution

The state of internal organs in tugun larvae was analyzed histologically in the intact (control) group, the group treated with a water-soluble oil fraction (WSOF) in fivefold excess over the maximum allowable concentration, and the group exposed in a weak pulsed magnetic field at the stage of hatching, prior to treatment with WSOF. Larvae of the second group had severe pathologies of inner organs that caused 100% mortality before the age of 15 days, but no pathomorphological changes in the organs of larvae and juvenile fish of the third group were revealed for up to 40 days. Probable causes of high resistance to the toxic agent in fish of the experimental group are discussed.     

Transgenics and Vertebrate Cloning as Tools for Species Conservation

Abstract:  It has been suggested that transgenics and vertebrate cloning have a role to play in conservation. Now is the time to evaluate their risks and benefits, before these technologies are widely implemented in our field. Direct risks of transgenics include escape and introgression of transgenes into wild populations; weedy invasion by transgenic organisms; toxicity or pathogenicity of engineered organisms and their products; and human error in the field testing and tracking of transgenic organisms. Indirect risks include environmental effects of increased herbicide use; the danger that engineered organisms may aid the development of bioweapons; the likelihood that gene patenting will lead to the privatization of natural resources; and the diversion of support from less glamorous forms of conservation. Formal risk assessments are commonly used to evaluate transgenic procedures, but our incomplete understanding of both ecosystem processes and the action of transgenes renders most of these assessments scientifically and socially unjustified. Nevertheless, a few, low-risk applications of transgenics may be possible: for example, "super-sterile" ornamental cultivars. Vertebrate cloning poses little risk to the environment, but it can consume scarce conservation resources, and its chances of success in preserving species seem poor. To date, the conservation benefits of transgenics and vertebrate cloning remain entirely theoretical, but many of the risks are known and documented. Conservation biologists should devote their research and energies to the established methods of conservation, none of which require transgenics or vertebrate cloning.     

洛铜集团熔铸厂2#低频炉除尘系统改造

通过对洛铜集团熔铸厂2^#低频炉除尘系统改造过程中出现的问题及采取相应对策的总结，探讨了通过对风量和压头的分析来发现除尘系统问题所在的方法，具有较强的适用性，同时为反吹风袋式除尘器履行成脉冲袋式除尘器提供了范例。     

城市用地抗震适宜性分区研究

针对我国现行《城市抗震防灾规划标准》有关城市用地抗震适宜性评价的规定,建立了城市用地抗震适宜性评价指标体系;采用层次分析法确定了各评价指标的权重值;根据抗震适宜性综合指数的概念,得到了研究区实测钻孔资料的抗震适宜性综合指数,在GIS技术的支持下,生成了城市用地抗震适宜性综合指数等值线图,并据此进行了城市用地抗震适宜性分区;可为城市的总体规划提供依据。     

热镀锌板表面硅烷处理耐蚀性能的研究

将镀锌钢板经表面处理后涂覆硅烷,研究成膜后的耐蚀性能。在3.5%NaCl溶液中的电化学极化曲线测试和交流阻抗表明,涂覆硅烷膜后,硅烷膜的存在能够明显地抑制腐蚀过程中的阴极和阳极反应,使电荷转移阻力大增,显著降低了锌的腐蚀速率,耐蚀效果较好。初步讨论了硅烷膜的成膜及耐蚀机理。     

氟碳涂层体系在我国水环境中防腐性能研究

通过现场曝露试验,获得氟碳涂层体系在我国淡水、海水和盐湖水环境中4年腐蚀结果,总结了它们的腐蚀行为。无论是在自然环境下的曝露试验,还是实验室条件下的盐雾试验和紫外光老化试验结果,都表明氟碳涂层具有优异的耐候性和耐水性;水气渗透性试验也表明氟碳涂层具有较低的渗水率;氟碳涂层虽具有低的表面能,但在淡水和海水环境中,其抗水生物附着性能仍不理想。     

城市污水处理厂污泥脱水性能研究

分别对城市污水处理厂产生的浓缩污泥、初沉池污泥和浓缩污泥的混合污泥以及消化污泥进行了絮凝脱水试验,同时对聚合硫酸铁(PFS)、丙烯酸钠-丙烯酸酰胺共聚物、异丁烯酸-甲基丙烯酸共聚物和阳离子聚丙烯酸胺(PAM)的絮凝效果进行比较。结果表明,浓缩污泥所需要的絮凝剂最少,消化污泥所需要的絮凝剂最多,并且各种絮凝剂都存在着最佳投加量。以浓缩污泥为例进行经济分析结果表明,最佳絮凝剂为PAM,最佳投加量为2.45kg/t干泥。另外,对絮凝脱水的影响因素分析后发现,过滤压力、pH以及搅拌速度都对污泥脱水性能有很大影响,在实际应用中应通过实验进行优化选择。     

自来水厂与净化厂泥水联合处理的研究

通过对自来水厂、净化厂及两厂混合后的泥水的研究,来分析两厂泥水的匹配性。实验表明：自来水厂泥水排入净化厂与其泥水一起处理,能够促进净化厂泥水的浓缩,降低浓缩后污泥的比阻,而且在一定范围内能够降低污泥的最终体积,达到减量化的目的。     

电除尘器对低比电阻粉尘收集的研究

电除尘器收集低比电阻粉尘,由于放电过快,易产生“反弹”,形成“跳跃收集”过程,除尘效率较低。本文论述了电除尘器阳极板涂装后对低比电阻粉尘收集效果,并通过调节断面风速、粉尘浓度、电压、电晕线改善除尘器性能。研究表明：极板涂装对提高电除尘器收集低比电阻粉尘效率影响显著;采用圆形电晕线收尘效率最高,且随着电压的升高而逐渐升高,高于某一电压值后,收尘效率反而下降;进口断面风速控制在0．2m／s到0．3m／s之间,可以取得较高的收尘效率;收尘效率随着入口粉尘浓度的增加而逐渐增加,增加速率逐渐减小。     

盐城市沿海的适宜开发空间选择研究

开发空间选择通过辨识适宜开发空间,使得工业发展、城市建设活动尽可能地配置在弱自然生态阻力、强经济引力的空间,实现区域生态、经济效益的最大化。借鉴以往研究,结合案例区特点,建立指标体系,基于乡镇单元,运用GIS工具综合分析盐城市域自然生态阻力和经济引力的空间分异特征,运用矩阵列联分类方法划分空间开发适宜类型,并根据适宜开发空间的地域特点将其分为城市区域和临港区域。研究认为,盐城沿海的适宜开发空间主要分布于204国道沿线的县市城区、部分临近乡镇及沿海陈家港、滨海港、海通镇等地区;临海部分乡镇凭借其资源潜力宜作为临港区域,是未来的主要产业空间载体;其它地区应定位于城市化空间,未来建设用地指标应优先向这些区域投放,引导人口、产业向这些地区的集聚。