Discussion on the Regional Division of the Development Stage of China's Wind Power

This paper constructs the index system of the regional division of the development stage of China's wind power resourc-es, including the index of energy, the index of wind energy endow-ments and other indices. Based on principal component analysis and layered clustering analysis of these indices, and combined with the conceptual function of the development and utilization stage of the wind power, this paper divides the development and utilization stage of the wind power into four stages taking province as the basic yardstick: optimization growth stage, the rapid growth stage,the slow growth stage and the initial growth stage. In addition, this paper briefly discusses the basic strategy that should be adopted in each development stage of wind power resources.     

The profile of antibiotics resistance and integrons of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing thermotolerant coliforms isolated from the Yangtze River basin in Chongqing

The spreading of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-producing thermotolerant coliforms (TC) in the water environment is a threat to human health but little is known about ESBL-producing TCs in the Yangtze River. We received 319 ESBL-producing stains obtained from the Chongqing basin and we investigated antibiotic susceptibility, bla gene types and the presence of integrons and gene cassettes. 16.8% of TC isolates were ESBL-producing bacteria and bla_TEM+CTx-M was the predominant ESBL type. 65.2% of isolates contained class 1 integrons, but only 3 carried intI 2. Gene cassettes were amplified and sequenced. aadA, drfA, cmlA, sat1, aar3 and two ORF cassettes were found. In conclusion, Yangtze River is heavily polluted by ESBL-producing TC bacteria and the combined bla gene type could enhance antibiotic resistance. Class 1 integrons were widespread in ESBL-producing isolates and play an important role in multi-drug resistance. Characterization of gene cassettes could reveal the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes.     

Contrasting the core beliefs regarding the effective implementation of wind power. An international study of stakeholder perspectives

This paper analyses patterns in beliefs about the implementation of wind power as part of a geographical comparison of onshore wind power developments in the Netherlands, North-Rhine Westphalia and England. Q methodology is applied, in order to systematically compare the patterns in stakeholder views on the institutional conditions and changes in the domains of energy policy, spatial planning and environmental policy. Three factors represent support for wind power implementation from fundamentally different perspectives. The fourth perspective is critical opposed to wind power developments as well as critical to the manner in which wind projects are proposed, planned and implemented. These four perspectives exist across the geographical cases; however, some perspectives are prominent in one case and marginal in another. This relates to different legacies and varying implementation achievements in the three cases. The analysis shows that an approach that focuses on implementing as much wind power as possible, relying on technocratic reasoning and hierarchical policies is in practice the least successful, whereas collaborative perspectives with more emphasis on local issues and less on the interests of the conventional energy sector were particularly dominant in the most successful case, North-Rhine Westphalia.     

钢管混凝土组合柱在标准火与真实火中的行为比较

以实际工程中常用的钢管混凝土组合柱为研究对象,通过ABAQU S大型有限元软件模拟钢管混凝土组合柱在标准火和真实火中的截面温度分布、应力、变形、破坏形态、耐火极限等力学行为。其中标准火选用ISO-834标准火模型,真实火采用欧洲规范Eurocode 1 Part 1-2中的参数火模型来近似模拟真实火灾的温度—时间关系。研究发现,钢管混凝土柱在两种火场环境中的行为差异很大,真实火中的冷却过程对钢管混凝土的破坏起重要的影响。基于本研究,还初步得到火灾过程中环境温度的升温速度、柱火灾荷载比等对钢管混凝土组合柱的抗火性能的影响。     

±660kV交流滤波器高压电容塔调平

基于ABAQUS软件建立了标准升温条件下局部填充混凝土(Partially Encaed Concrete,简称PEC)柱抗火性能分析的有限元模型,计算了火灾下PEC柱的变形曲线及耐火极限,计算结果得到了已有试验数据的验证。利用上述模型分析了截面几何参数、材料物理参数、荷载比及偏心率等因素对耐火极限的影响。在参数分析的基础上,建立了标准升温条件下PEC耐火极限简化计算方法。结果表明:无耐火保护PEC柱的耐火极限一般达不到现有抗火标准的要求;荷栽比、长细比和截面周长是影响PEC柱耐火极限的主要因素;该耐火极限简化计算方法可供工程设计参考。     

地下城市综合管廊的抗火构造与消防设计

综合管廊作为现代化城市的基础设施,能够从根本上解决管线埋设或架立引起的挖掘道路、影响交通、破坏景观等问题。提高道路和公用管线的管理水平,有效利用地下空间,提高防灾能力,是现代化都市的必然要求。本文从管廊的构造、抗火设计要求、管线布置、消防系统等方面出发,对地下城市综合管廊的设计提出了一些具体的建议。     

带板钢筋混凝土简支梁的耐火极限增大系数

利用SAFIR程序,对带板钢筋混凝土简支梁的耐火极限增大系数进行了分析。考察了梁的荷载比、配筋率、保护层厚度、跨高比,以及板的厚度、宽度、保护层厚度和配筋率等参数,对ISO834标准升温过程作用下带板简支梁的耐火极限增大系数的影响规律。通过1296种工况的计算分析,建立了该增大系数的实用计算公式。研究结果表明:①板的保护层厚度对该增大系数的影响较大,随着保护层厚度增加,该增大系数迅速增大;②板的厚度和纵筋配筋率对该增大系数的影响较小;③适当增加板的宽度可以提高该增大系数。     

江苏辐射沙洲潮间带风电场对海洋水动力场的影响分析

为了分析潮间带风电场对海洋水动力条件的影响,建立和验证了江苏辐射沙洲潮间带风电场工程二维潮流数学模型,根据风电场区的地形条件对模型范围及网格划分进行了探讨,分析风电场实施前后水动力条件的变化.结果表明:模型计算值与实测值拟合较好·建立的二维潮流数学模型计算结果合理、可信,可用来预测风电场建设对附近海域水动力条件的影响;...     

新型改性聚丙烯酰胺的合成及对污泥调理效果的研究

采用原位聚合法,在聚丙烯酰胺的聚合过程中引入金属离子进行改性,合成了一种新型改性聚丙烯酰胺.通过正交实验确定了改性聚丙烯酰胺的最佳合成条件.红外图谱显示,该聚丙烯酰胺是一种具有特殊结构的有机高分子化合物.以污泥脱水率和污泥比阻为考察指标,研究了改性聚丙烯酰胺对污水处理厂剩余活性污泥脱水性能的影响,结果表明,在每1000...     

发展中国家（地区）风电装机规划及我国风电发展重点建议

在全球风电市场稳步发展的背景下,发展中国家（地区）的风电市场也都呈现快速发展的趋势,在各国风电发展持续升温的前提下,未来我国风电发展潜力巨大。列举了非洲、印度、拉丁美洲、东欧、中东等5个发展中国家（地区）未来风电发展规划情况,在总结这些国家或地区风电发展特点的基础上,对我国未来风电发展提出建议。