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排序方式: 共有1337条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
Russian Journal of Ecology - 相似文献
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The migration pathways for polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and the associated active attenuating mechanisms within the urban environment are examined. The interest in developing an improved understanding of PAH migration/attenuation is focused toward quantification of the cost-effectiveness of urban runoff control strategies for mitigation of PAH inputs to receiving water bodies.A case study application to the City of Sault Ste Marie demonstrates that snow removal from sub-basins with the largest deposition rates, and relatively small wet and/or dry stormwater management ponds, are the most cost-effective remediation strategies. 相似文献
3.
气候变化和人类活动对武江流域年径流及最大日流量影响的定量分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
针对气候变化与人类活动对流域年径流及最大日流量变化影响的定量识别问题,以华南湿润区武江流域为例,分别采用HIMS(Hydro-Informatic Modeling System)模型和敏感性系数法,从日和年尺度定量模拟和评估气候变化与人类活动对流域年最大日流量和径流变化的影响过程及贡献率。结果表明:HIMS模型在武江流域适用性良好,日尺度模型率定期和验证期的纳西效率系数分别为0.85和0.77,水量平衡误差绝对值分别为3.1%和3.3%;两种方法均表明气候变化是引起流域年径流量增加的主要因素,人类活动导致了流域径流量的减少,但贡献率较小。气候变化与人类活动导致了流域年最大日流量的增加,气候变化对年最大日流量增加的贡献率为94%,而人类活动的贡献率则为6%。相较于年均径流量,气候变化对年最大日流量的影响更为显著。 相似文献
4.
John Troiano Craig Nordmark Terrell Barry Bruce Johnson 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1997,45(3):301-319
A well sampling study was conducted to evaluate anempirical approach to classifying areasof land in California as vulnerable to ground watercontamination by pesticides (Troiano et al., 1994). Wells were sampled from sections of land that had noprevious detections of pesticideresidues. The sections had been classified into vulnerablesoil clusters or into a not-classified groupusing a procedure based on Principal Components Analysis(PCA). Grape, citrus, and olive growingareas of Fresno and Tulare Counties were targeted, areas wherepre-emergence herbicide residues hadbeen detected in well water. Overall, herbicide residues weredetected in 75 of 176 sampled wells, ahigh frequency of detection in relation to results fromprevious targeted well sampling studies. Sinceresidues were also detected in the not-classified group, theclassification procedure was modified usingan approach based on Canonical Variates Analysis (CVA). Moresections were classified intovulnerable soil clusters with the CVA approach than with thePCA method. Data from two otherexplanatory variables, depth to ground water and amount ofpesticide used per section, were includedto illustrate how additional information can be incorporatedinto this approach of identifying vulnerable areas. 相似文献
5.
Diazinon contamination of California's rivers has resulted in placing several rivers on the federal Clean Water Act § 303d list of impaired waterways. Impaired water body listing requiresthe development of Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDL). Previous studies identified stormwater related diazinon pulses in California rivers. This study was conducted to monitor diazinonconcentrations in the Sacramento River watershed after rainfallevents, to ascertain whether pulses could be identified and, ifconcentrations of concern were observed, to estimate loadings anddetermine geographic origins of the insecticide. TMDL developmentrequires knowledge of contaminant sources, loadings, and geographic origins. Flow and diazinon concentrations peaked in the Sacramento River at Sacramento after the three largest stormsduring January and February 1994. Diazinon concentrations peakedconsequent to each of three storms. Diazinon concentrationsmeasured in the Sacramento River at Sacramento exceeded theCalifornia Department of Fish and Game acute and chroniccriteria for protection of aquatic life during January andFebruary for nine and nineteen days, respectively. Multipleexceedances were observed throughout the watershed. Diazinon loading and geographic origin differed with each of the three storms. The design of this study provides a useful template for others attempting to identify loadings and sources of contaminants in surface waters and to rectify aquatic ecosystemcontamination from various land use practices. 相似文献
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机动车辆入城前冲洗与道路扬尘的监测分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对机动车辆入城前冲洗前后携带车尘量及粒径进行了监测分析。监测结果,冲洗后,清除了60%-70%的车尘,道路扬尘降低40%左右。根据实测资料分析了交通车流量和风速对道路扬尘浓度的影响。结果表明,建立机动车辆入城冲洗站,对机动车辆入城前进行冲洗,环境效益和经济效益显著。 相似文献
9.
Gao Yanchun 《环境科学学报(英文版)》1998,10(3):357-364
The Yellow River, or Huanghe, is one of the most important river in China. It is the major water resources for north and northwest China. Since 1972, the Yellow River's dry-up has occurred frequently and become even more year by year. Except the huge loss to social life and economic development, the Yellow River's dry-up brings about great impacts to eco-environment. This paper analyzed the reasons and impacts from multi-aspect: effects of climate change, influence of human activities and impacts to delta's eco-environment, aquatic life resources, agricultural eco- environment, water pollution and flood prevention as well. 相似文献
10.
延河沉积物的石油污染调查与分析 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
对延河干流和两条支流受石油污染河段的沉积物的取样分析结果表明 ,研究河段内的沉积物都不同程度的受到了石油污染。干流河段沉积物的石油污染负荷一般为 40~ 80mg/kg ,上游河段和污染支流汇入段负荷较高 ,平均为390mg/kg,最高可达 784mg/kg ;支流上的坪桥川和杏子河河段沉积物污染负荷为 6 0~ 2 5 0mg/kg。干流中下游及杏子河支流河段的污染沉积物主要来源于雨期流域表层污染土壤径流入河后的沿程沉积 ,而非雨期岸边油井的直接排污则是造成干流上游和坪桥川支流沉积物石油污染的主要原因 相似文献