2,2-二氯乙烯基二甲基磷酸酯在TiO2/H2O界面上光催化降解

实验研究了２,２－二氯乙烯基二甲基磷酸酯在ＴｉＯ２／Ｈ２Ｏ界面上光催化降解的最适空气通入量,初始ＰＨ值, 不同浓度的调变性助催经剂Ｆｅ＾３＋、Ａｇ＾＋在供Ｏ２条件下对ＴｉＯ２光催化降解有机磷速率的影响。     

Translating habitat class to land cover to map area of habitat of terrestrial vertebrates

Area of habitat (AOH) is defined as the “habitat available to a species, that is, habitat within its range” and is calculated by subtracting areas of unsuitable land cover and elevation from the range. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Habitats Classification Scheme provides information on species habitat associations, and typically unvalidated expert opinion is used to match habitat to land-cover classes, which generates a source of uncertainty in AOH maps. We developed a data-driven method to translate IUCN habitat classes to land cover based on point locality data for 6986 species of terrestrial mammals, birds, amphibians, and reptiles. We extracted the land-cover class at each point locality and matched it to the IUCN habitat class or classes assigned to each species occurring there. Then, we modeled each land-cover class as a function of IUCN habitat with (SSG, using) logistic regression models. The resulting odds ratios were used to assess the strength of the association between each habitat and land-cover class. We then compared the performance of our data-driven model with those from a published translation table based on expert knowledge. We calculated the association between habitat classes and land-cover classes as a continuous variable, but to map AOH as binary presence or absence, it was necessary to apply a threshold of association. This threshold can be chosen by the user according to the required balance between omission and commission errors. Some habitats (e.g., forest and desert) were assigned to land-cover classes with more confidence than others (e.g., wetlands and artificial). The data-driven translation model and expert knowledge performed equally well, but the model provided greater standardization, objectivity, and repeatability. Furthermore, our approach allowed greater flexibility in the use of the results and uncertainty to be quantified. Our model can be modified for regional examinations and different taxonomic groups.     

Transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs)-associated protobiofilm: A neglected contributor to biofouling during membrane filtration

• Bacteria could easily and quickly attached onto TEP to form protobiofilms. • TEP-protobiofilm facilitate the transport of bacteria to membrane surface. • More significant flux decline was observed in the presence of TEP-protobiofilms. • Membrane fouling shows higher sensitivity to protobiofilm not to bacteria level. Transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs) are a class of transparent gel-like polysaccharides, which have been widely detected in almost every kind of feed water to membrane systems, including freshwater, seawater and wastewater. Although TEP have been thought to be related to the membrane fouling, little information is currently available for their influential mechanisms and the pertinence to biofouling development. The present study, thus, aims to explore the impact of TEPs on biofouling development during ultrafiltration. TEP samples were inoculated with bacteria for several hours before filtration and the formation of “protobiofilm” (pre-colonized TEP by bacteria) was examined and its influence on biofouling was determined. It was observed that the bacteria can easily and quickly attach onto TEPs and form protobiofilms. Ultrafiltration experiments further revealed that TEP-protobiofilms served as carriers which facilitated and accelerated transport of bacteria to membrane surface, leading to rapid development of biofouling on the ultrafiltration membrane surfaces. Moreover, compared to the feed water containing independent bacteria and TEPs, more flux decline was observed with TEP-protobiofilms. Consequently, it appeared from this study that TEP-protobiofilms play a vital role in the development of membrane biofouling, but unfortunately, this phenomenon has been often overlooked in the literature. Obviously, these findings in turn may also challenge the current understanding of organic fouling and biofouling as membrane fouling caused by TEP-protobiofilm is a combination of both. It is expected that this study might promote further research in general membrane fouling mechanisms and the development of an effective mitigation strategy.     

单甲脒盐酸盐农药在水体悬浮颗粒物上的吸附行为

用批量平衡法研究了单甲脒农药在三种水体悬浮颗粒物上的吸附规律，所得数据进行回分析后，发现吸附规律符合Ｆｒｅｕｎｄｉｌｉｃｈ方程，并且在悬浮颗粒物上的吸附能力随着颗粒物中有机碳含量的增加而稍有减少。     

可持续发展的生态学思考

本文从生态学角度对可持续发展理论进行了思考。指出生态危机是可持续发展产生的基本背景;生态学中许多基本理论,如协调、适应、稳定、有序、循环再生及生态系统理论等,是可持续发展不断完善的理论基础;包括生态规划、生态技术与生态管理在内的广义生态工程,是实现可持续发展的有效途径     

生物膜法降解甲苯废气过程的探讨

采用陶粒为填料的生物滤池降解甲苯废气，并对清水试验和生物膜试验的结果进行分析，发现生物膜法降解甲苯这样的挥发性有机物（VOCs)具有良好的效果，已不再是清水试验中单纯的物理吸收过程，而是伴有生化反应的吸收过程，是以气膜控制为主的传质过程。     

生长调节物质对益母草总生物碱积累的调控

本文对益母草进行了没生长调节物质的田间喷施处理,追踪生长调节物质对益母草总生物碱积累的影响效应。     

Carrousel氧化沟的流动特性研究

采用颗粒动态分析仪(PDA)对倒伞形表面曝气机曝气的Carrousel小试氧化沟进行测试,得出了氧化沟内较系统的流动特性参数.比较了固液两相在氧化沟内流动的差别,发现固液两相流动速度差别较小,由于惯性的影响,固相的沉降速度略大于液相.考察了表曝机的转速、表曝机相对于液面的位置、氧化沟的深度等因素对氧化沟内流动的影响,随着表曝机转速的增大和表曝机浸入液面深度的增加,流动速度和沉降速度均会增大,而氧化沟深度增加时,距离液面同一深度处的速度则会减小.实验结果与污水处理厂的实际情形进行比较发现,二者变化趋势一致,说明本实验结果可用于指导工程实际,为氧化沟的优化设计提供依据.     

非定态SO2制酸工艺在铅精矿烧结烟气治理中的应用

介绍了非定态SO2制酸工艺的特点、流程及其在铅精矿烧结烟气治理中的应用效果.该工艺具有良好的社会效益、环境效益和较好的经济效益,具有较高的推广应用价值.     

浅谈GAM与GM（1,1）模型

对ＧＡＭ水环境预测模型提出了四点不同看法，与有关作者商榷，指出ＧＭ（１，１）模型与ＧＡＭ模型二者并无优劣之差，精度亦相当。