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52.
我国进城农民工的居住问题及其解决思路 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
成德宁 《中国人口.资源与环境》2008,18(4)
解决好农民工的就业和居住问题是农民工融入城市社会,完成农民向市民转化的关键一步,也是新时期我国各个城市面临的挑战。在本文中,作者认为目前我国庞大的进城农民工群体逐渐出现了分化的现象,根据农民工对居住的需求和最终归宿,我国的农民工可分为永久迁移型(或定居型)和非永久迁移型(非定居型)两种类型。永久迁移型(或定居型)农民工希望举家迁移到城市并成为城市的永久性居民,而非永久迁移型(非定居型}农民工希望改善在城市的居住条件,同时尽可能降低在打工期间的居住成本,他们最终会回流农村地区,而不会在城市购房或定居在城市。本文在分析两种不同类型农民工居住需求的特征和面临问题的基础上,提出解决我国进城农民工居住问题的思路和对策。 相似文献
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Walter R Stahel 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2007,5(4):3-19
From an economic point of view, the industrial economy is efficient to overcome situations of a scarcity of goods. From a technological point of view, the resource efficiency of the manufacturing processes of the industrial economy has been permanently improved during the last 200 years. In addition, cleaner processes have been developed. However, from an ecologic point of view, an increasing world population with increasing consumption has produced a "global footprint" which approaches the carrying capacity of the planet. A circular economy and its high-value spin-offs-a lake economy and a performance or functional service economy-can fulfil customers' needs with considerably less resource consumption, less environmental impairment in production and considerably less end-of-life product waste, especially in situations of affluence, when a considerable stock of physical goods and infrastructures exists. Also, in situations of a scarcity of natural resources, both energy and materials, often characterised by rapidly rising resource prices, the economic actors of a circular economy have a high competitive advantage over the actors of the industrial economy, due to much lower procurement costs for materials and energy. From a social point of view, a circular economy increases the number of skilled jobs in regional enterprises. However, the shift from a linear manufacturing economy to a circular or service economy means a change in economic thinking from flow (throughput) management to stock (asset) management: in a manufacturing economy with largely unsaturated markets, total wealth increases through accumulation as resource throughput (flow) is transformed into a higher stock of goods of better quality (but in a manufacturing economy with largely saturated markets, wealth represented by the stock of goods will no longer increase); in a circular or service economy, total wealth increases through a smart management of existing physical assets (stock) that are adapted to changes in both technology and customer demand. This second approach not only applies to physical capital but equally to social capital, such as health and education and green GDP. To measure the social wealth of a population, it is not the amount of money spent on schools and hospitals that matters, butif this expenditure has led to a better education of the students, and a better health of the people. 相似文献
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