Behavior toxicity to Caenorhabditis elegans transferred to the progeny after exposure to sulfamethoxazole at environmentally relevant concentrations

Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is one of the most common detected antibiotics in the environment. In order to study whether SMX can a ect behavior and growth and whether these e ects could be transferred to the progeny, Caenorhabditis elegans was exposed at environmentally relevant concentrations for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hr, respectively. After exposure, the exposed parent generation (P0) was measured for behavior and growth indicators, which were presented as percentage of controls (POC). Then their corresponding unexposed progeny (F1) was separated and measured for the same indicators. The lowest POC for P0 after 96 hr-exposure at 100 mg/L were 37.8%, 12.7%, 45.8% and 70.1% for body bending frequency (BBF), reversal movement (RM), Omega turns (OT) and body length (BL), respectively. And F1 su ered defects with the lowest POC as 55.8%, 24.1%, 48.5% and 60.7% for BBF, RM, OT and BL, respectively. Defects in both P0 and F1 showed a time- and concentration-dependent fashion and behavior indicators showed better sensitivity than growth indicator. The observed e ects on F1 demonstrated the transferable properties of SMX. Defects of SMX at environmental concentrations suggested that it is necessary to perform further systematical studies on its ecological risk in actual conditions.     

Distribution and characteristic of PAHs in snow of Fildes Peninsula

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) investigation in different matrices has been reported largely, whereas reports on snow samples were limited. Snow, as the main matrix in the polar region, has an important study meaning. PAHs in snow samples were analyzed to investigate the distribution and contamination status of them in the Antarctic, as well as to provide some references for global migration of PAHs. Snow samples collected in Fildes Peninsula were enriched and separated by solid-phase membrane disks and eluted by methylene dichloride, then quantified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. All types of PAHs were detected except for Benzo(a)pyrene. Principal component analysis method was applied to characterize them. Three factors (Naphthalene, Fluorene and Phenanthrene) accounted for 60.57%, 21.61% and 9.80%, respectively. The results showed that the major PAHs sources maybe the atmospheric transportation, and the combustion of fuel in Fildes Peninsula. The comparison of concentration and types of PAHs between accumulated snow and fresh snow showed that the main compound concentrations in accumulated snow samples were higher than those in fresh ones. The risk assessment indicated that the amount of PAHs in the snow samples would not lead to ecological risk.     

活性炭纤维-固相微萃取技术快速检测烤肉中多环芳烃

文章采用新型活性炭纤维(ACF)做为固相微萃取(SPME)的萃取纤维与气相色谱-质谱(GC/MS)联用,建立了一种快速检测烤肉中持久性污染物多环芳烃(PAHs)的方法.烤肉由于其独特的风味深受人们喜爱.但是,在烤肉中含有致癌的PAHs,影响着人们的身体健康.烤肉中PAHs最佳提取条件为:2g匀浆样品,丙酮+甲醇(1∶0...     

固相萃取-气相色谱法快速分析水中硝基苯类化合物

建立了固相萃取-气相色谱定量分析水中硝基苯类化合物的分析方法,详尽地叙述了水样预处理过程.对固相萃取,水样预处理和色谱分离条件做了试验并予以优化.采用ODS-C18固相萃取柱将样品浓缩富集后,以DB-17色谱柱(30 m×0.32 mm×0.25 μm)为分离柱,以ECD和FID检测.方法检出限在0.12～90 μg/...     

晶种法处理含氟废水与氟化钙沉淀砂状化研究

采用晶种法对含氟废水进行了处理,考察了pH和Ca/F对出水F-浓度和CaF2沉降性能的影响,得到了含水率低、沉降性能好的砂状化CaF2颗粒.实验结果表明,晶种的加入对提高除氟效果、促进CaF2的砂状化有重要作用.当pH为中性偏酸性且0.5＜Ca/F＜1时,除氟效果较好且所得到的CaF2具有较好的沉降性能;当pH=5.5...     

基于主成分分析法的武烈河流域水质评价研究

利用MATLAB软件,采用主成分分析法对武烈河流域水环境质量进行了综合评价.结果表明:武烈河流域水环境质量整体相对较好,高寺台下游断面的水质污染比较严重,五日生化需氧量和溶解氧的主成分贡献率超过0.5,说明流域有机污染严重,需要控制工农业废水排放,以遏制污染加剧、预防富营养化爆发.     

固相微萃取在空气有机污染物监测的应用

固相微萃取技术是一种新型的无溶剂化环境样品前处理技术,将采样、萃取、浓缩和进样集中于一个步骤完成。详细地介绍固相微萃取技术的原理、装置和萃取方式及该技术在环境空气有机污染物监测中的应用情况和国内外研究进展。     

SBR中活性污泥培养驯化的研究

文章主要研究在序列间歇式活性污泥法(SBR)中活性污泥的培养驯化,以人工配制的污水作为营养液,通过控制温度(26℃左右)、pH(6.8～7.8)、溶解氧(2～6 mg/L)等试验条件来进行污泥的逐步培养驯化,主要探究在培养期间活性污泥浓度(主要测其MLSS)、对COD的去除效果、30分钟沉降比和活性污泥微生物相随培养时间变化而变化的规律。以及培养中出现的异常状况与解决方法。     

天津市将推出“低碳生活IC卡”

日前,天津市第一个低碳生活基金正式启动。据悉,天津将推出一款可用于公交、地铁、轻轨及部分影城、便利店、报刊亭等领域的低碳生活IC卡。低碳生活IC卡与普通的IC交通卡功能相     

Seasonal variation and health risk assessment of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） in the urban area of Xi＇an

利用大流量主动采样器于2008年8月至2009年7月采集了西安城区大气样品,研究了大气中多环芳烃（PAHs）的季节变化特征.结果表明,西安大气中16种美国EPA优控的PAHs（∑PAHs）气固两相总浓度为37～620ng·m-3（年平均为195ng·m-3）,具有明显的季节差异,依次为夏季（74ng·m-3）〈春季（106ng·m-3）〈秋季（213ng·m-3）〈冬季（360ng·m-3）.气态PAHs以3～4环为主,颗粒态PAHs以5～6环为主.分子组成表明西安大气PAHs主要来自于燃煤和机动车尾气及生物质燃烧的复合源.应用BaP毒性当量因子及健康风险评价模型对西安城区成人和儿童进行PAHs健康风险评价,结果显示成人和儿童的日均暴露剂量分别为24.3×10-6mg·kg-·1d-1和5.6×10-6mg·kg-·1d-1,终身致癌超额危险度分别为7.5×10-5和1.7×10-5,可能造成成人和儿童的预期寿命损失分别约为467.6min和107.5min.