信息动态

1.衣物篇尽量不干洗衣物衣物干洗后往往整洁如新,这让很多人动辄就将衣服送去干洗。其实,干洗机耗水、耗电量大,是环境的"大敌",而且还存在很多健康、污染问题。目前干洗店常用的普通简易型干洗机,一次洗涤量耗电20度以上,相当于排放15.7千克二氧化碳,同时需耗水600公斤以上。此外干洗机在干洗过程中还存在着较多的污染和健康问题。一是干洗机大多以四氯乙烯为溶剂,而四氯乙烯是有毒的化工产品,干洗后衣物上残存的四氯乙烯将对使用者造成危害;二是干洗     

"80后富二代"和他的 "黑豹野保站"(上)

当不少同龄人还沉迷在网游、酒吧中时,一位“80后富二代”却怀着泽被生灵的大爱之心,倾尽所有自建野生动物保护站。他长年肩扛探险装备,穿梭在荒野山林间,守护着野生动物,并用镜头记录下它们的美丽瞬间。他曾被猎枪顶住脑袋,也多次遭到森林野兽的袭击……虽几经生死,并花光了11年来所有的积蓄,却矢志不渝地坚守了下来。一位原本生活越优的富家小伙,缘何对“野保”事业情有独钟？他又有着怎样的传奇经历甲     

改性膨润土处理污水处理厂二级出水的实验研究

研究基于再生水回灌地下、补充地下水水源的目的,使用河南信阳某膨润土厂生产的钠基膨润土,通过酸改性、铝柱撑改性和微波-硫酸亚铁改性制得三种改性膨润土,用于处理城市污水处理厂的二级出水.实验结果显示,经XRD衍射分析可知,三种方法制备的改性膨润土,其矿物结构都有不同程度上的变化,膨润土层间距都较膨润土原矿有所增大,可见其改...     

制革废水二沉池反硝化浮泥产生机理及解决措施

反硝化反应受到抑制导致硝化反应消耗的碱度未能得到平衡,偏低的PH使微生物的代谢速度减慢。因而生化系统的处理能力降低,同时较高的亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮含量使二沉池极易发生污泥上浮。通过增加有机负荷来降低溶解氧确实可以抑制硝化反应。让问题得到缓解,但通过污泥龄来控制硝化程度,确保比较彻底的反硝化、氮最大程度的得以脱除,使生化系统形成良性循环,这才是根本的解决措施。     

流体运动方程在二沉池优化设计中的应用

当前,我国各种污水处理的构筑物在设计上大部分都是基于理想情况,虽然在设计中已经比较保守,考虑到不利因素,但往往仍难以达到预期的处理效果。通过对水处理构筑物的水流流态进行分析,辅以计算流体力学和计算机技术,可以模拟并改进构筑物中的流体流态,进而提高处理效率,为管理提供科学依据。     

PAS-PDMDAAC复合混凝剂研究

以Al2（SO）4和PDMDAAC为原料进行了无机-有机复合絮凝剂的复合实验研制,确定其制备工艺条件,并对油田现场采集的钻井废水作絮凝沉降实验,所研制的PAS-PDMDAAC复合絮凝剂对COD的去除效率可大大提高.     

Genotoxicity removal of reclaimed water during ozonation

Genotoxicity in wastewater and reclaimed water now is gaining increased attention because of genotoxins' potential damage to the ecosystem and human health. The effect of ozonation on genotoxicity in reclaimed water was investigated. It was found that ozonation decreased the genotoxicy dramatically in three tertiary treatment plants. In the further batch ozonation experiment in laboratory,secondary effluent sample used exhibited the genotoxicity of(41.1 ± 4.1) μg 4NQO/L. Ozonation with a dose of 10 mg O3/L completely removed the genotoxicity in secondary effluent. However,after ozonation, the dissolved organic carbonvalue of the sample didn't change much but the specific ultraviolet absorbance(SUVA) value dropped sharply. With the help of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ozonation was found to change chemical aliphatic carbon and C–O of the dissolved arganic matter, which might be the reason of the significant decreases of SUVA and genotoxicity.     

Compositions and sources of organic acids in fine particles (PM2.5) over the Pearl River Delta region, south China

Organic acids as important constituents of organic aerosols not only influence the aerosols' hygroscopic property, but also enhance the formation of new particles and secondary organic aerosols. This study reported organic acids including C14–C32fatty acids, C4–C9dicarboxylic acids and aromatic acids in PM2.5collected during winter 2009 at six typical urban, suburban and rural sites in the Pearl River Delta region. Averaged concentrations of C14–C32fatty acids, aromatic acids and C4– C9 dicarboxylic acids were 157, 72.5 and 50.7 ng/m3, respectively. They totally accounted for 1.7% of measured organic carbon. C20–C32fatty acids mainly deriving from higher plant wax showed the highest concentration at the upwind rural site with more vegetation around, while C14–C18fatty acids were more abundant at urban and suburban sites, and dicarboxylic acids and aromatic acids except 1,4-phthalic acid peaked at the downwind rural site. Succinic and azelaic acid were the most abundant among C4–C9dicarboxylic acids, and 1,2-phthalic and 1,4-phthalic acid were dominant aromatic acids. Dicarboxylic acids and aromatic acids exhibited significant mutual correlations except for 1,4-phthalic acid, which was probably primarily emitted from combustion of solid wastes containing polyethylene terephthalate plastics. Spatial patterns and correlations with typical source tracers suggested that C14–C32fatty acids were mainly primary while dicarboxylic and aromatic acids were largely secondary. Principal component analysis resolved six sources including biomass burning, natural higher plant wax, two mixed anthropogenic and two secondary sources; further multiple linear regression revealed their contributions to individual organic acids. It turned out that more than 70% of C14–C18fatty acids were attributed to anthropogenic sources, about 50%–85% of the C20–C32fatty acids were attributed to natural sources, 80%–95% of dicarboxylic acids and 1,2-phthalic acid were secondary in contrast with that 81% of 1,4-phthalic acid was primary.     

镜头

<正>山西黄河湿地天鹅飞翔2014年1月13日发布的第二次全国湿地资源调查结果显示:近10年间,我国湿地保护面积增加了525.94万公顷,湿地保护率由30.49%提高到43.51%。图为三只天鹅在山西省平陆黄河湿地上空飞翔。     

第十二届全国人大二次会议在京开幕李克强在政府工作报告中强调，要像对贫困宣战一样，坚决向污染宣战

3月5日,第十二届全国人民代表大会第二次会议在北京开幕,国务院总理李克强作政府工作报告,审查计划报告和预算报告。