离岸排放如何解决？

希拉里关注气候变化的北京之行刚结束,《地球物理研究通讯》刊登的一份新报告就详述西方在购买“中国制造”产品时给中国造成了多少二氧化碳。报告称,中国的总排放量中。有9％源于给美国制造商品,有6％源于给欧洲制造产品。报告强调这种“离岸排放”是一个有待解决的问题。     

中国新型可再生能源的发展

进入新阶段 中国能源消耗占世界的1／10左右,石油产品进口约占国内油品消耗量的48％;煤炭消费量接近一次能源消费总量的70％,CO2排放增量增长较快,尽管人均排放量不高,但属于总量排放大国。因此,发展清洁可再生能源是确保我国能源安全和缓解减排压力的重要举措,也是建立能源节约、环境友好型社会的战略步骤之一。     

数字

麦肯锡的研究表明,通过一系列的政府政策和行业举措,中国已经在过去15年里持续提高了经济领域的“碳效率”,将每单位GDP的二氧化碳和其它温室气体排放量平均每年减少了4.9％,而在美国和德国,这一数字仅为1．7％和2．7％。     

蒸汽锅炉安全阀排放量的计算与分析

锅炉安全阀排放量的大小,决定了锅炉非正常情况下蒸汽压力的释放能力.结合催化装置余热锅炉的不同工况,对安全阀排放量进行校核计算,提出了相应对策.     

防治规划的目标及任务

2011年2月,《重金属污染综合防治十二五规划》获得国务院正式批复,成为首个获批的十二五规划.总量控制5种重金属:汞、铬、镉、铅和类金属砷.     

Application of the AERMOD modeling system for environmental impact assessment of NO2 emissions from a cement complex

We applied the model of American Meteorological Society-Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory Model (AERMOD) as a tool for the analysis of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) emissions from a cement complex as a part of the environmental impact assessment. The dispersion of NO2 from four cement plants within the selected cement complex were investigated both by measurement and AERMOD simulation in dry and wet seasons. Simulated values of NO2 emissions were compared with those obtained during a 7-day continuous measurement campaign at 12 receptors. It was predicted that NO2 concentration peaks were found more within 1 to 5 km, where the measurement and simulation were in good agreement, than at the receptors 5 km further away from the reference point. The Quantile- Quantile plots of NO2 concentrations in dry season were mostly fitted to the middle line compared to those in wet season. This can be attributed to high NO2 wet deposition. The results show that for both the measurement and the simulation using the AERMOD, NO2 concentrations do not exceed the NO2 concentration limit set by the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) of Thailand. This indicates that NO2 emissions from the cement complex have no significant impact on nearby communities. It can be concluded that the AERMOD can provide useful information to identify high pollution impact areas for the EIA guidelines.     

Emissions of C2 – C12 hydrocarbons in the Hsuehshan tunnel, Taiwan

The concentrations of 56 hydrocarbons from C2 to C12 were measured simultaneously in the southbound bore, the northbound bore and the exhaust air shafts of the Hsuehshan tunnel near Yilan, Taiwan for 12 days during 2007 and 2008. A total of 60 integrated air samples were collected using stainless steel canisters and analyzed using GC/FID and GC/MS. The five most abundant species in all samples were ethylene, acetylene, isopentane, propylene and toluene. The exit/entrance ratios of total non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) concentration were 7.8 and 4.8 for the southbound and northbound bores, respectively. Furthermore, the exhaust from the vertical shafts affects air quality in the neighborhood. The most abundant species of emission rate (ER) was toluene (21.93–42.89 mg/sec), followed by isopentane, ethylene, propylene and 1-butene, with ER ranging from 2.50 to 9.31 mg/sec. The species in the three exhaust air shafts showed that the reactivities of these emissions are similar to those of vehicle emissions. Notably, the control of emissions in the vertical shafts of the vehicle tunnel will be important in the future.     

建筑的低碳及标准

低碳发展势不可挡 低碳发展已经成为中国社会经济发展的重要内容.“十二五”规划首次明确提出了CO2减排目标,之后各个行业、各种政策和行动迅速展开.尽管中国处于经济快速发展阶段,通过多种政策措施,中国有可能实现低碳发展,实现2030年达到CO2,排放的峰值,同时峰值时的排放量也要控制不能过高.如果要实现在哥本哈根气候变化大会上选成的到2100年将全球平均升温和1850年相比控制在2摄氏度的目标,则我国需要在2025年之前实现CO2排放峰值,并且峰值排放量不超过90亿吨CO2.     

丹麦30年创造能耗零增长的背后

自发达国家集中完成工业化至今,英、美、德、意、日等发达国家相继出现人均能源消费零增长,丹麦也不例外。经济学理论告诉我们,经济增长和环境保护类似于"鱼"与"熊掌"不可兼得。然而,近30年来,丹麦经济增长了65%,二氧化碳排放量却减少了13%,能源消耗只增长了7%,创造了"减排和经济繁荣并不矛盾"的"丹麦模式"(Danishexample)。在各国能源消耗持续增长的情况下,丹麦发生的奇迹如同安徒生的"童话"一样。     

陕西省大气污染源二噁英排放量估算研究

在结合实际确定陕西省二噁英的主要排放源及其排放因子基础上,采用国际通用的气体排放量计算法估算了陕西省2000年-2008年的二噁英年排放量,并就排放量的构成和变化趋势进行分析。结果显示:二噁英的年排放总量呈增长趋势,介于27.67 98.39 g TEQ之间;能源消耗产生的二噁英居于首位,其排放量约占总排放量的50%。工业燃料燃烧和工业生产过程所排放的二噁英占年排放量的60%以上,控制工业污染源的二噁英排放势在必行。